Download or read book Les march s de brevets dans l conomie de la connaissance written by Dominique Guellec and published by La Documentation Française. This book was released on 2010 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L’économie de la connaissance connaît aujourd’hui des évolutions marquantes. On constate en effet, depuis les trois dernières décennies, une croissance exponentielle des échanges de brevets sous la forme de transactions marchandes : les contrats de licence se multiplient, des places de marché intermédiées émergent, et des enchères de brevets ont même vu le jour. L’enjeu de ces évolutions est une circulation facilitée des technologies, source de gains de productivité dans l’économie en général, et dans les activités d’invention en particulier. D’un côté, la diffusion plus large des savoirs permet aux entreprises de mettre en œuvre des technologies plus efficientes ; de l’autre, elle permet une division plus approfondie du travail de recherche, un accès facilité aux sources de la connaissance permettant la pratique de modes d’innovation « ouverts », et l’apparition de modes de financement nouveaux pour les investissements en recherche. Il est donc probable que les marchés de brevets soient amenés à peser de plus en plus dans l’allocation de la technologie au niveau mondial. Mais les difficultés auxquelles se heurte le développement de ces marchés sont significatives : Comment estimer la valeur des brevets, donc le prix des transactions ? Comment assurer un appariement des offres et des demandes, qui sont toutes extrêmement spécifiques ? Comment amener à une révélation de l’information de la part des vendeurs comme des acheteurs, condition nécessaire pour que les contrats soient possibles ? En termes de politiques publiques les défis sont aussi multiples : Comment optimiser la valorisation de la recherche publique dans ce nouveau contexte ? Comment assurer que les marchés se développent de façon concurrentielle et ne résultent pas dans l’émergence de monopoles mondiaux du savoir ? Comment empêcher que ces marchés servent de levier à des acteurs spécialisés dans l’extorsion de rentes à l’aide de brevets de validité douteuse ? Partant de ce questionnement, Dominique Guellec, Thierry Madiès et Jean-Claude Prager proposent dans ce rapport un ensemble de mesures visant à orienter l’action publique. Ils recommandent notamment le renforcement de la qualité juridique des brevets, le développement de la formation d’intermédiaires experts en propriété intellectuelle, ou encore l’expérimentation de places d’enchères de brevets. [4e de couv.]
Download or read book Patent Markets in the Global Knowledge Economy written by Thierry Madiès and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-20 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long regarded as an essential underpinning of technological innovation in successful capitalist economies, the beneficial role of patents has recently been brought into question by those favouring 'open' innovation. This rigorous book surveys the theory, empirical evidence and public-policy related to the role of patents in a global knowledge economy.
Download or read book Des failles du march de la connaissance celles des brevets written by Rémy Guichardaz and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depuis les années 1980 les droits des brevets ont été considérablement renforcés. Aussi, le double objectif de la protection de la propriété intellectuelle qui consiste, d'un côté, à accorder à l'inventeur un monopole temporaire, de l'autre, à exiger qu'il dévoile son invention, est devenu déséquilibré. Cette transformation correspond à l'idée que les brevets seraient des biens économiques comme les autres. Dans cette perspective l'usage de la connaissance doit être optimisé par des mécanismes marchands. Cependant de nombreux travaux empiriques montrent qu'un tel marché n'est pas efficient. La multiplication des brevets semble avoir ralenti l'innovation et engendre des conséquences économiques et sociales néfastes.
Download or read book Economic Transition and International Business written by Eric Milliot and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic Transition and International Business brings together academic experts in International Business and sheds new light on the international phenomenon of transitions in the worldwide economy. It includes both academic investigations as well as in-depth empirical studies. The purpose of the book is to investigate how international transitions reshape the environment, as they reallocate and renew activities, and create new strategies for actors and stakeholders. It provides essential insights into a number of contextual changes that organisations are facing internationally, and is structured around three complementary themes. In the first part, recent economic and financial crises are analysed and presented as revealing transitions for the business world. In the second part, the impact of these transitions is assessed at the level of various key economic players in today’s societies (states, business networks, companies, associations, etc.). In the third part, certain decision-making and managerial transitions are retained to illustrate the new deal linked to international transitions. This book is recommended reading for scholars and students in management and economics, as well as international business managers. They will find insightful information, either theoretical or practical, including various countries impacted by socio-economic transitions.
Download or read book Patent Markets in the Global Knowledge Economy written by Thierry Madiès and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Survey of the theory, empirical evidence and public policy related to the role of patents in a global knowledge economy.
Download or read book Les paradoxes de l conomie du savoir written by GUILHON Bernard and published by Lavoisier. This book was released on 2012-09-14 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La connaissance joue un rôle fondamental dans l'évolution des sociétés contemporaines, les mécanismes de production, d'appropriation et de dissémination des connaissances se heurtent aujourd'hui aux contraintes de la globalisation. Les fondements et les mécanismes de fonctionnement d'une économie immatérielle se trouvent ainsi remis en cause dans de nombreux domaines (stratégies R&D et d'innovation des agents économiques, gestion de l'environnement, dispositifs de formation, analyse macroéconomique des économies, etc.). Cette remise en cause, dont la lecture se fait à travers l'analyse des stratégies et des comportements des acteurs économiques, suscite la formation de paradoxes, voire de contradictions. Après avoir mis en évidence les repères, les trajectoires et les promesses que dessine l'économie du savoir, cet ouvrage propose d'explorer les singularités de la production et l'usage des connaissances, les processus de qualification et de gestion des ressources cognitives, mais également ceux qui ont trait au fonctionnement des économies.
Download or read book Patent Markets in the Global Knowledge Economy written by Thierry Madiès and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Survey of the theory, empirical evidence and public policy related to the role of patents in a global knowledge economy.
Download or read book Intellectual Property and Innovation Protection written by Rémi Lallement and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the various ways in which intellectual property (IP) operates in relation to innovation activity. It reflects on the "classical" issues of the IP system related to the necessity of protecting risky and often costly investments undertaken by firms and others players involved in the innovation process. Beyond this, it stresses the numerous challenges addressed by contemporary technological and societal change, especially in a world where the digital revolution is rapidly transforming the way in which innovation is organized. In this context, the new corporate IP and innovation practices call for responses on the part of public policies.
Download or read book Expropriation by Law written by Christian Bessy and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2024-02-12 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Placing himself at the crossroads of economics, law, and sociology, Christian Bessy investigates the contemporary transformation of intellectual property rights (IPR) with the emergence of new conventions for their valuation. He demonstrates how entities previously considered inappropriate have now become the object of property rights by means of a creeping legal codification and generate inequalities.
Download or read book Patent Law Injunctions written by Rafał Sikorski and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In numerous jurisdictions, courts have realized that injunctive relief should not be available automatically in case of patent infringement. Particularly in the wake of the US Supreme Court decision in eBay v. MercExchange, it has become clear that granting an injunction may in some cases enable abuse by patent holders in order to obtain royalties exceeding significantly the value of patent-protected invention or that it may be manifestly against the public interest. This book offers a comparative study of the approaches towards injunctive relief taken by a number of leading jurisdictions, including the United States, the European Union (EU), selected EU Member States (Germany, France, The Netherlands, Belgium, the United Kingdom and Poland), and China, India, Japan and South Korea. Responding to the growing need to provide a comprehensive and flexible framework for the application of injunctive relief, twelve patent law experts, both academics and well-known practitioners familiar with practice in their particular jurisdictions, offer analyses of such elements of patent law injunctions as the following: • access to standard-essential patents; • operations of patent assertion entities; • trolls and patent privateers; • equitable nature of injunctive relief as a source of flexibility; • abuse of right and competition law defences to injunctive relief as sources of flexibility; • analysis of EU instruments that could be used in the interpretation of Member State implementing laws; • conditions for the application of tools such as equity, competition law or general doctrines such as abuse of rights; • circumstances when injunctions should be denied to patentees even though a valid patent was infringed; • complex products cases where patents protect minor parts of the technologies; and • deficiencies and advantages of various approaches to injunctive relief. A proposal for an optimal model of granting injunctions is also included. Given that there is a growing consensus as to the circumstances when injunctions should be available to the patentees and the circumstances when injunctions should be denied, a comprehensive analysis of the various legal doctrines that justify a more flexible approach towards injunctive relief is warranted. This book will give patent law practitioners and in-house counsel the opportunity to draw from the experience of other jurisdictions where courts faced similar problems. Policymakers, patent office officials, academics and researchers in intellectual property law will also welcome this approach.
Download or read book Trade in Ideas written by Eskil Ullberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic system is generally understood to operate on the premise of exchange. The most important factor in economic development has always been technology, as a way to expand a limited resource base. Such increase in technology and knowledge is generally accepted by economists, but the mechanisms of exchange through which this happens are much less studied. Generally, a static analysis of product exchange, incorporating new technology, has been undertaken. This book explores the transition of trade in ideas from an exchange largely within firms and nations to an exchange between firms and nations. This process has been going on since the beginning of the patent system, where importing (trading) technology was made policy in 1474, more than 500 years ago. However, during the past 25-30 years, a growth in exchange of technology between specialized firms, cooperating based on patent licensing, has been phenomenal, with annual licensing transactions exceeding a trillion dollars, not counting value of cross-licensing. Such specialized exchange has been seen in history but not at this scale and level of coordination. Using principles of experimental economics, the author investigates the licensing contract and mechanisms of exchange (rules of trade) as this exchange moves towards organized markets with prices. A key issue concerns the effect of introducing demand side bidding, through which the patent system introduces specialization and multiple use of the same technology in different new products, thus expanding the use of technology a firm has to more actors, products, and consumers. The risk and uncertainty in market access for cheaper, better and unique products and services are reduced through new and competitive technology. Questions raised are related to the “optimal” integration of information and rules in dynamic exchange of patents through institutions. The view presented shows how inventors and traders can sell their intellectual property to buyers in a producer market, in this case in licensing contracts on patents, to diversify risk and monetize value based on an experimental economic study where the performance and behavioral properties of these institutions is the object of investigation. More fundamentally the work illustrates the theoretical, design, and patent system policy issues in a transition from personal to impersonal trade in ideas. This book explores the transition of trade in ideas from an exchange largely within firms and nations to an exchange between firms and nations. This process has been going on since the beginning of the patent system, where importing (trading) technology was made policy in 1474, more than 500 years ago. However, during the past 25-30 years, a growth in exchange of technology between specialized firms, cooperating based on patent licensing, has been phenomenal, with annual licensing transactions exceeding a trillion dollars, not counting value of cross-licensing. Such specialized exchange has been seen in history but not at this scale and level of coordination. Using principles of experimental economics, the author investigates the licensing contract and mechanisms of exchange (rules of trade) as this exchange moves towards organized markets with prices. A key issue concerns the effect of introducing demand side bidding, through which the patent system introduces specialization and multiple use of the same technology in different new products, thus expanding the use of technology a firm has to more actors, products, and consumers. The risk and uncertainty in market access for cheaper, better and unique products and services are reduced through new and competitive technology. Questions raised are related to the “optimal” integration of information and rules in dynamic exchange of patents through institutions. The view presented shows how inventors and traders can sell their intellectual property to buyers in a producer market, in this case in licensing contracts on patents, to diversify risk and monetize value based on an experimental economic study where the performance and behavioral properties of these institutions is the object of investigation. More fundamentally the work illustrates the theoretical, design, and patent system policy issues in a transition from personal to impersonal trade in ideas.
Download or read book Cooperation Coopetition and Innovation written by Nabyla Daidj and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-10-30 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In presenting the concepts and the logical structure of the reasoning offered by game theory and their applications, the book explains the rational process of decision making in the framework of firm management and market competition. The book will expose both general teachings and a comprehensive analysis applied to specific case studies of various sectors of the economy.
Download or read book Harnessing Public Research for Innovation in the 21st Century written by Anthony Arundel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Universities and public research institutes play a key role in enabling the application of scientific breakthroughs and innovations in the marketplace. Many countries – developed and developing alike – have implemented national strategies to support the application or commercialization of knowledge produced by public research organizations. Universities and public research institutes have introduced practices to support these activities, for instance by including knowledge transfer to promote innovation as a core part of their mission. As a result, a vital question for policymakers is how to improve the efficiency of these knowledge transfer practices to help maximize innovation-driven growth and/or to seek practical solutions to critical societal challenges. This book aims to develop a conceptual framework to evaluate knowledge transfer practices and outcomes; to improve knowledge transfer metrics, surveys and evaluation frameworks; and to generate findings on what works and what does not, and to propose related policy lessons. This book is also available as Open Access.
Download or read book World Intellectual Property Report 2011 The Changing Face of Innovation written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2011 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WIPO's World Intellectual Property Report 2011 focuses on the Changing Face of Innovation. It describes key trends in the innovation landscape - including the increasingly open, international and collaborative character of the innovation process; the causes of the increased demand for IP rights; and the rising importance of technology markets.
Download or read book OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy France 2014 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2014-12-19 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report compares the performance of the French innnovation systems with that of other countries and presents the conclusions of interviews with 30 key actors in the French research and innovation system.
Download or read book History of Technology Volume 24 written by Ian Inkster and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-30 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technical problems confronting different societies in different periods and the measures taken to solve them form the concern of this annual collection of essays. Dealing with the history of technical discovery and change, the volumes in this series explore the relationship of technology to other aspects of life-social, cultural and economic-and show how technological development has shaped, and been shaped by, the society in which it has occurred.
