Download or read book Tanning Chemistry written by Anthony D Covington and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even in the 21st Century, the manufacture of leather retains an air of the dark arts, still somewhat shrouded in the mysteries of a millennia old, craft based industry. Despite the best efforts of a few scientists over the last century or so, much of the understanding of the principles of tanning is still based on received wisdom and experience. Leather is made from (usually) the hides and skins of animals - large animals such as cattle have hides, small animals such as sheep have skins. The skin of any animal is largely composed of the protein collagen, so it is the chemistry of this fibrous protein and the properties it confers to the skin with which the tanner is most concerned. In addition, other components of the skin impact on processing, impact on the chemistry of the material and impact on the properties of the product, leather. Therefore, it is useful to understand the relationships between skin structure at the molecular and macro levels, the changes imposed by modifying the chemistry of the material and the eventual properties of the leather. This book aims to contribute to changing the thinking in the industry, to continue building a body of scientific understanding, aimed at enhancing the sustainability of an industry which produces a unique group of materials, derived from a natural source. The Science of Leather is the only current text on tanning science, and addresses the scientific principles which underpin the processes involved in making leather. It is concerned with the chemical modification of collagen, prior to tanning and the tanning reactions in particular. The subject is covered in the following order: collagen chemistry, collagen structure, skin structure, processing to prepare for tanning, the tanning processes and processing after tanning. The aim of the book is to provide leather scientists and technologists with an understanding of how the reactions work, the nature of their outcomes and how the processes can be controlled and changed. The objective is to synthesise a scientific view of leather making and to arrive at an understanding of the nature of tanning - how the wide range of chemistries employed in the art can change the properties of collagen, making leather with different properties, especially conferring different degrees of stabilisation as measured by the hydrothermal stability. Environmental issues are not treated as a separate theme - the impact of leather making on the environment is a thread running through the text, with the assumption that better understanding of the science of leather making will lead to improved processing. The book also reflects on the ways leather technology may develop in the future based on the foundation of understanding the scientific principles which can be exploited. It also includes a subject index, references and a glossary. The book provides the reader with insights into the role science plays in leather technology and provides fundamental understanding, which should be the basis for scientific and technological research and development for the benefit of the global leather industry. The book is aimed at students, leather scientists and technologists, in both academia and industry, in leather production and in chemical supply houses.
Download or read book Indian Leather Industry written by Subas C. Kumar and published by APH Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Leather Processing Tanning Technology Handbook written by NIIR Board of Consultants Engineers and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2011-01-04 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leather Industry has been one of the traditional industries operating at present. The hides and skins of animals are the source of leather and preserving hides and tanning them into leather has become an important industry. Leather-making is now a scientifically based industry, but still retains some of the charm and mystery of the original craft. Animal skin that has been processed to retain its flexibility, toughness, and waterproof nature is known as leather. "Leather tanning" is a general term for the numerous processing steps involved in converting animal hides or skins into finished leather. Tanning is the final process in turning hides and skins into leather. Tanning involves a complex combination of mechanical and chemical processes. The heart of the process is the tanning operation itself in which organic or inorganic materials become chemically bound to the protein structure of the hide and preserve it from deterioration. The main chemical processes carried out by the tanner are the unhairing, liming, tanning, neutralizing and dyeing. This indispensable handbook provides a detailed insight into the leather industry, leather processing and tanning technology with manufacturing of different forms of leather products. The book contains the manufacturing process of different forms and type of leather products like box and willow sides, glazed kid, sole leather, lace leather, belting and bag leather, chamois leather, upholstery leather, antique leather, light and fancy leather, etc. to name a few. This book will be very helpful to its readers, upcoming entrepreneurs, scientists, existing industries, technical institutions, technocrats, etc.
Download or read book New England Shoe and Leather Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Why Leather written by Susanna Harris and published by . This book was released on 2017-12-07 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pioneering volume brings together specialists from contemporary craft and industry and from archaeology to examine both the material properties and the cultural dimensions of leather. The common occurrence of animal skin products through time, whether vegetable tanned leather, parchment, vellum, fat-cured skins or rawhide attest to its enduring versatility, utility and desirability. Typically grouped together as 'leather', the versatility of these materials is remarkable: they can be soft and supple like a textile, firm and rigid like a basket, or hard and watertight like a pot or gourd. This volume challenges a simple utilitarian or functional approach to leather; in a world of technological and material choices, leather is appropriated according to its suitability on many levels. In addressing the question Why leather? authors of this volume present new perspectives on the material and cultural dimensions of leather. Their wide-ranging research includes the microscopic examination of skin structure and its influence on behaviour, experiments on medieval cuir bouilli armour, the guild secrets behind the leather components of nineteenth-century industrial machinery, new research on ancient Egyptian chariot leather, the relationship between wine and wineskins, and the making of contemporary leather wall covering. The Archaeological Leather Group promotes the study of leather and leather objects from archaeological and other contexts. The Group aims to provide a focus for the investigation of leather, and to develop new research by bringing together a broad range of knowledge and experience both practical and academic. Leather is explored through its manufacture, function, context, processing, recording, conservation, care and curation. Members come from a variety of disciplines and include archaeologists, historians, conservators, artefact specialists, materials engineers and leather workers. The Group normally meets twice a year and organises one scholarly meeting in the spring, and visits a museum, working tannery or other place of leather interest in the autumn. The Archaeological Leather Group Newsletter is published twice a year, and the website maintains a comprehensive and expanding leather bibliography.
Download or read book Energy from Toxic Organic Waste for Heat and Power Generation written by Debabrata Barik and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-11-07 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy from Toxic Organic Waste for Heat and Power Generation presents a detailed analysis on using scientific methods to recover and reuse energy from Toxic waste. Dr. Barik and his team of expert authors recognize that there has been a growing rise in the quantum and diversity of toxic waste materials produced by human activity, and as such there is an increasing need to adopt new methods for the safe regeneration and minimization of waste produce around the world. It is predominately broken down into 5 sections: - The first section provides and overview on the Toxic waste generation addressing the main components for the imbalance in ecosystem derived from human activity - The second section sets out ways in which toxic waste can be managed through various methods such as chemical treatment, cracking and Electro-beam treatment - The final 3 sections deliver an insight in to how energy can be extracted and recycled into power from waste energy and the challenges that these may offer This book is essential reference for engineering industry workers and students seeking to adopt new techniques for reducing toxic waste and in turn extracting energy from it whilst complying with pollution control standards from across the world. - Presents techniques which can be adopted to reduce toxic organic waste while complying with regulations and extract useable energy it - Includes case studies of various global industries such as nuclear, medical and research laboratories to further enhance the readers understanding of efficient planning, toxic organic waste reduction methods and energy conversion techniques - Analyses methods of extracting and recycling energy from toxic organic waste products
Download or read book Textile Auxiliaries And Chemicals With Processes Formulations written by Eiri Board and published by Engineers India Research In. This book was released on 2009-12 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Textile Auxiliaries And Chemicals With Processes And Formulations Isbn 81-86732-93-4 Rs. 950/- Or Us $ 100/- The Book Covers Classificat Ions And Chemistry, Manufacturing Processes Of Textile Auxiliaries, Commercial Textile Auxiliaries, Formulations Of Textile Auxiliaries, Classification Of Surfactants, Details Of Raw Materials, Anionic Surfactants, Cationic Surfactants, Non-Ionic Surfactants, Miscellaneous Important Compounds, Detergent Paste (Textile Grade), Dispersant For Textiles, Leveling And Dispersing Agent, Non-Ionic Surfactants Wetting Agents, Pigment Emulsion For Textiles, Pigments Binders For Textile Printing, Poly Vinyl Acetate Emulsion, Rosin Sizing Agent, Silicone Emulsion, Silk Sizing Liquid (Water Soluble), Softeners (Cationic, An-Ionic And Non-Ionic), Textile And Finishing Agents, Auxiliaries, Textile Chemicals, Textile Printing Paste.
Download or read book A Handbook on High Value Fermentation Products Volume 2 written by Saurabh Saran and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a group of world-renowned experts, the second volume in this groundbreaking set continues where the first volume left off, focusing on fermentation products that contribute to human welfare across a variety of industries. Green technologies are no longer the "future" of science, but the present. With more and more mature industries, such as the process industries, making large strides seemingly every single day, and more consumers demanding products created from green technologies, it is essential for any business in any industry to be familiar with the latest processes and technologies. It is all part of a global effort to "go greener," and this is nowhere more apparent than in fermentation technology. This second volume in the groundbreaking new set, High Value Fermentation Products, focuses on industries that a concerned with human welfare, including the leather industry, textiles, pharmaceutical and medical, food processing, and others. Covering topics such as chitin and chitosan, microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates, propanediol, and many others, the editors and contributors have contributed to an extremely important facet of chemical and process engineering and how to move these industries into a much more sustainable and environmentally conscious direction. From converting waste into apparel to creating healthier foods and more effective medicines, this is truly a monumental work that is a must-have for any chemical engineer, scientist, or chemist.
Download or read book Industrial Pollution Management written by Arvind Kumar and published by APH Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conflicts 41 Research Papers Relating To Current Environmental Problems Caused By Industrial Pollution And Then Possible Remedies. Useful For Students/Teachers And Researchers In The Field Of Environmental Science.
Download or read book Library of Congress Subject Headings written by Library of Congress and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Library of Congress Subject Headings written by Library of Congress. Cataloging Policy and Support Office and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 1512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Made in Africa written by Arkebe Oqubay and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents the findings of original field research into the design, practice, and varied outcomes of industrial policy in three sectors in Ethiopia: cement, leather and leather products, and floriculture. Given that there is a single industrial strategy, why do its outcomes vary across sectors? To what extent is this a function of the specific market and political economy features of each sector? The book examines industrial structures and associated global value chains to demonstrate the challenges faced by African firms in international markets.
Download or read book U S Industrial Outlook written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents industry reviews including a section of "trends and forecasts," complete with tables and graphs for industry analysis.
Download or read book Corporate Governance in Tanzania written by Peter C. Mhando and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly the importance of corporate governance for economic development in developing economies like Tanzania is indisputable. This book explores the effectiveness of corporate governance in Tanzania and asks how it can be further developed and improved so as to make a difference in the contribution of state-owned enterprises to the economy. The book tries as fairly as possible to probe further into effective corporate governance, using cases of public entities, highlighting shortfalls in their governance and the consequent multiplier effects on socio-economic life. On the other hand, the book also aims to present examples of good governance in multi-layered ways, to show that there is room for creativity and innovation in applying principles of good corporate governance. Recognising that context is crucial, the book starts by assessing Tanzania’s socio-historical and economic context, and gauging various applicable metrics. Using historical and theoretical lenses, including the ethics-accountability relationship, the author aims to improve our understanding of corporate failures and consequent waste in Tanzania. Explaining failures in governance is far from straightforward, as by definition they operate beyond rules and regulations, systems and processes, yet the author draws from decades of local experience and expertise in order to assess the real situation on the ground. The Tanzania case will be of considerable interest to researchers looking at questions of corporate governance and economic development both within the country itself, and across Africa.
Download or read book China in the Global Economy The Agro food Processing Sector in China Developments and Policy Challenges written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2000-01-20 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference proceedings examines questions revolving around changes in, and challenges for, China’s agro-processing sector.
Download or read book Special Agents Series written by United States. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 1094 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Beef in China written by John William Longworth and published by Univ. of Queensland Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's emergence as a "beef giant" has enormous implications for the world beef market. The first up-to-date and full scale analysis of the booming beef industry of China, which produces a phenomenal five times more beef than Australia.The product of several years of fieldwork and university research, a collaboration with recognised industry authorities here and in China. Abundantly illustrated.John Longworth is the author of Beef in Japan published in 1983.
