Download or read book Laser Transfer and Firing of NiV Seed Layer for the Metallization of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells by Cu Plating written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plated Copper Front Side Metallization on Printed Seed Layers for Silicon Solar Cells written by Achim Kraft and published by . This book was released on 2015-12-07 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Electrodeposited Copper Front Metallization for Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though screen-printing of low-temperature silver paste remains the state-of-the-art technique for the front-metallization of SHJ solar cells, recent studies have demonstrated large efficiency improvements when copper-electroplated contacts are used instead of screen-printed ones. However, due to the new materials and the new processes introduced by this technique, it is crucial to individually investigate their compatibility with the SHJ cell structure. In this study, we present a detailed analysis of how the performances of SHJ devices may be modified by these new materials and processes. First, effects on the amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) passivation have been studied for various processes such as DI water rinsing, dips in a copper removal solution and direct evaporation of copper on the a-Si:H. Finally, copper electroplating technique has been adapted in order to be applied to more complex cell structures such as high-efficiency IBC-SHJ.
Download or read book Silicon Solar Cell Metallization and Module Technology written by Thorsten Dullweber and published by IET. This book was released on 2021-12-13 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metallization is a key step in manufacturing of efficient and reliable solar cells. Written by world-wide renowned experts, this work covers metallization technologies, before describing ongoing R&D activities for the most relevant silicon solar cells metallization technologies. Later chapters deal with aspects of solar cell modules.
Download or read book Electrochemical Processes for Metallization of Novel Silicon Solar Cells written by Mathias Kamp and published by Fraunhofer Verlag. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within this work electrochemical processes for manufacturing of novel silicon solar cells are investigated. Direct plating of Ni and Al on n- and p- silicon is demonstrated by making use of solar cell characteristics. Homogenous Ni/Cu stacks are realized for bifacial and back contact solar cells, forming an excellent mechanical and electrical contact to silicon. For metallization of HIT solar cells, the plating behavior on ITO layers is studied. Additionally, plating processes on evaporated Al layers are developed and applied to back contact solar cells. By means of process optimization the plated metal stack on Al features sufficient adhesion and increases the lateral conductivity of the metal grid resulting in increased solar cell efficiency. An advanced metallization route for back contact solar cells which purposefully utilizes the different characteristics of the deposited metals (Al, Ni, Cu) is developed. The resulting metal stacks are characterized in detail using SEM, EDX and AES methods. Besides plating processes, local oxidizing processes for Al are established and combined with printing technologies to realize the metal contact separation for back contact solar cells.
Download or read book Laser Ablation of Dielectric Layers of Solar Cells written by Varun Arya and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Climate change is one of the most immediate and daunting challenge faced by the humanity today. The increasing per-capita energy consumption worldwide has led to a rapid consumption of fossil fuels in the last century. This has resulted in an abrupt and sharp increase in the emission of greenhouse gases, leading to an increase in the global average temperature by 1 °C over the last 100 years. Hence, it has become an imperative that alternative methods of energy generation which are of renewable nature, such as hydro, wind and solar are adapted into the mainstream. This demands that these technologies are developed further refined through constant research work to become more production-efficient, cost-effective and competitive to the conventional carbon-based fossil fuels. Photovoltaic is one such technology that offers the opportunity to generate clean energy. Currently, PV generated electricity is more expensive than energy generated through coal, gas or nuclear fuel in terms of €/kWh. To close the price gap, the reduction of production and material costs is necessary. A major cost driver in the manufacturing of solar cells is the front and rear side metallization as it consumes expensive metals such as silver (Ag). Hence, an alternative metallization approach that implements the use of cheaper metals such as copper is now gaining momentum in the PV community, to offset the cost of silver used for front side metallization. The copper based metallization approach involves laser ablation of the dielectric layer on the front side to create openings and generate a full-area grid pattern, which is followed by sequential deposition of a thin nickel seed layer at the generated openings through electro-less chemical deposition, and of copper through light-induced plating process. In this application and process-oriented thesis, cells with laser-ablated and electro plated contacts are processed under varying conditions, characterized, and compared with silver metallized cells as reference. The parameters that were investigated are the increase in recombination current density at the emitter surface due to the dam age induced from the ultra-short laser pulses, the contact resistance and resistivity, as these factors impact the cell performance significantly. The thesis also includes approaches to mitigate the laser-induced damage, such as thermal annealing post the laser ablation and temporal modulation of laser pulses. Here, a processing sequence for PERC solar cells, which integrates the thermal annealing process after the laser ablation and reverses the laser-induced damage, is developed. The comparison of metallization approaches was performed mainly on two distinct types of cell architecture, namely, on PERC and TOPCon cells. The results in this thesis show that PERC cells with laser ablated and Ni/Cu plated contacts perform at-par with the PERC cells with conventional screen printed Ag contacts. Post ablation thermal annealing not only reverts the increased re combination current density, but also decreases the contact resistance due to re crystallization of the amorphous silicon formed during laser ablation. An attempt was made to re-create similar effects during the laser ablation by modifying the pulses on the temporal scale i.e. through pulse-bursts, which is a subject for further research. In TOPCon cells, the increase in recombination current density due to laser-induced damage was found to be marginal. The final TOPCon cells with laser generated contacts outperform the TOPCon cells with Ag screen printed contacts in terms of cell efficiency and contact resistance. Moreover, due to the superficial nature of interaction of UV ultra-short laser pulses, an opportunity is created to reduce the thickness of the poly-Si layer, which further contributes to cutting down production costs of TOPCon cells. In summation, results of the experiments in this thesis position laser ablated and plated contacts as a strong and viable alternative to the conventional Ag screen printed contacts for both PERC and TOPCon cells
Download or read book Characterization of Laser Doped Silicon and Overcoming Adhesion Challenges of Solar Cells with Nickel Copper Plated Contacts written by Christian Geisler and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells written by W.R. Fahrner and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2006-08-15 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world of today must face up to two contradictory energy problems: on the one hand, there is the sharply growing consumer demand in countries such as China and India. On the other hand, natural resources are dwindling. Moreover, many of those countries which still possess substantial gas and oil supplies are politically unstable. As a result, renewable natural energy sources have received great attention. Among these, solar-cell technology is one of the most promising candidates. However, there still remains the problem of the manufacturing costs of such cells. Many attempts have been made to reduce the production costs of conventional solar cells (manufactured from monocrystalline silicon using diffusion methods) by instead using cheaper grades of silicon, and simpler pn-junction fabrication. That is the hero of this book; the heterojunction solar cell.
Download or read book New Concepts for Front Side Metallization of Industrial Silicon Solar Cells written by Ansgar Mette and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metallization of Silicon Solar Cells with Passivating Contacts written by Jörg Schube and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interface Study on Laser structured Plated Contacts for Silicon Solar Cells written by Andreas Büchler and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tailored Thin Coatings for Corrosion Inhibition Using a Molecular Approach written by Simo Olavi Pehkonen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-25 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tailored Thin Coatings for Corrosion Inhibition Using a Molecular Approach discusses the fundamentals and applications of various thin coatings for the inhibition of fouling and corrosion from a molecular perspective. It provides the reader with a fundamental understanding of why certain coatings perform better than others in a given environment. Surface analytical and electrochemical techniques in understanding the coating performance are emphasized throughout the book, providing readers with a useful reference on how to pursue a systematic corrosion inhibitor R&D program that involves the testing of coating performance using various, currently available, state-of-the-art laboratory techniques. Wherever relevant, environmental considerations of the discussed coatings’ technologies are highlighted and discussed, with current and upcoming regulatory trends put forth by different governmental organizations. Provides atomic and molecular level understanding of tailored thin coatings for corrosion inhibition Discusses key steps in corrosion, including the attachment of harmful substances to surfaces, the fouling of surfaces, and the initiation and propagation of corrosion on surfaces Written by leading experts in the field
Download or read book Reliability and Failure of Electronic Materials and Devices written by Milton Ohring and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-10-14 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reliability and Failure of Electronic Materials and Devices is a well-established and well-regarded reference work offering unique, single-source coverage of most major topics related to the performance and failure of materials used in electronic devices and electronics packaging. With a focus on statistically predicting failure and product yields, this book can help the design engineer, manufacturing engineer, and quality control engineer all better understand the common mechanisms that lead to electronics materials failures, including dielectric breakdown, hot-electron effects, and radiation damage. This new edition adds cutting-edge knowledge gained both in research labs and on the manufacturing floor, with new sections on plastics and other new packaging materials, new testing procedures, and new coverage of MEMS devices. Covers all major types of electronics materials degradation and their causes, including dielectric breakdown, hot-electron effects, electrostatic discharge, corrosion, and failure of contacts and solder joints New updated sections on "failure physics," on mass transport-induced failure in copper and low-k dielectrics, and on reliability of lead-free/reduced-lead solder connections New chapter on testing procedures, sample handling and sample selection, and experimental design Coverage of new packaging materials, including plastics and composites
Download or read book Quantum Dots Nanoparticles and Nanowires Volume 789 written by P. Guyot-Sionnest and published by . This book was released on 2004-05-04 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanostructures of semiconductors and metals show novel optical and transport properties, and offer the perspective of designing materials properties with unprecedented flexibility and control. This has motivated research in the synthesis and characterization of new materials. This 2004 book brings together scientists with various levels of expertise in the growth, characterization and applications of inorganic nanostructures, such as quantum dots, nanowires and nanorods, to discuss and share developments in the field. Reports focus on techniques to prepare and characterize novel materials, investigations of novel optical and electronic properties, and novel applications, such as those that are biologically inspired. Topics include: synthesis and characterization of semiconductor quantum dots, nanoparticles and nanowires using wet chemistry and molecular beam approaches; synthesis, characterization and novel properties of metallic nanostructures; optical properties of neutral and charged excitons and exciton complexes in self-assembled quantum dots; nanoscale devices and sensors based on nanostructures and their properties; and design and characterization of quantum dot-bioconjugates and their use in assay developments.
Download or read book Power Electronics written by B. W. Williams and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 4M2006 written by Wolfgang Menz and published by Elsevier Science Limited. This book was released on 2006 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings volume features papers on major FP6 projects market studies on 4M technologies and applications components, inspection and characterisation methods novel materials and characterisation and processing process modelling and simulation process characterisation including process chain systems.
Download or read book Atomic Layer Deposition in Energy Conversion Applications written by Julien Bachmann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining the two topics for the first time, this book begins with an introduction to the recent challenges in energy conversion devices from a materials preparation perspective and how they can be overcome by using atomic layer deposition (ALD). By bridging these subjects it helps ALD specialists to understand the requirements within the energy conversion field, and researchers in energy conversion to become acquainted with the opportunities offered by ALD. With its main focus on applications of ALD for photovoltaics, electrochemical energy storage, and photo- and electrochemical devices, this is important reading for materials scientists, surface chemists, electrochemists, electrotechnicians, physicists, and those working in the semiconductor industry.
