Download or read book Laser Diagnostics of Materials and Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several examples are given of the ability of laser-based diagnostic techniques to make noninvasive measurements in hostile environments. Using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering both majority and minority species concentrations, as well as temperature, have been measured in the hot, high-pressure, particle-laden stream of a coal gasifier. In addition, numerous toxic and corrosive elements in the gasifier stream have been identified, but not yet quantified. In addition to providing the capability for making analytical determinations, laser techniques have been extensively employed to measure the rates of elementary chemical reactions. Recently, the temperature regime over which such meaurements are possible has been expanded. Although much of the laser diagnostic activity to date has involved investigations of the gas phase, significant information concerning heterogeneous phenomena can still be inferred. For instance, gas-solid reactions can manifest themselves as changes in vapor phase composition. Furthermore, in the future we expect expanded studies involving reactions of refractory metals (both atoms and clusters) and additional investigations of processes occurring at interfaces and on surfaces.
Download or read book Laser Processing and Diagnostics written by D. Bäuerle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser processing is now a rapidly increasing field with many real and potential applications in different areas of technology such as micromecha nics, metallurgy, integrated optics, and semiconductor device fabrication. The neces s ity for such soph i st i cated 1 i ght sources as 1 asers is based on the spatial coherence and the monochromaticity of laser light. The spatial coherence permits extreme focussing of the laser light resulting in the availability of high energy densities which can be used for strongly loca lized heat- and chemical-treatment of materials, with a resolution down to 1 ess than 1 lJIll. When us i ng pul sed or scanned cw-l asers, 1 oca 1 i zat i on in time is also possible. Additionally, the monochromaticity of laser light allows for control of the depth of heat treatment and/or selective, nonthermal bond breaking - within the surface of the material or within the molecules of the surrounding reactive atmosphere - simply by tuning the laser wavelength. These inherent advantages of laser light permit micromachining of materials (drilling, cutting, welding etc.) and also allow single-step controlled area processing of thin films and surfaces. Processes include structural transformation (removal of residual damage, grain growth in polycrystalline material, amorphization, surface hardening etc.), etching, doping, alloying, or deposition. In addition, laser processing is not 1 imited to planar substrates.
Download or read book Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by Jagdish P. Singh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-10-03 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is basically an emission spectroscopy technique where atoms and ions are primarily formed in their excited states as a result of interaction between a tightly focused laser beam and the material sample. The interaction between matter and high-density photons generates a plasma plume, which evolves with time and may eventually acquire thermodynamic equilibrium. One of the important features of this technique is that it does not require any sample preparation, unlike conventional spectroscopic analytical techniques. Samples in the form of solids, liquids, gels, gases, plasmas and biological materials (like teeth, leaf or blood) can be studied with almost equal ease. LIBS has rapidly developed into a major analytical technology with the capability of detecting all chemical elements in a sample, of real- time response, and of close-contact or stand-off analysis of targets. The present book has been written by active specialists in this field, it includes the basic principles, the latest developments in instrumentation and the applications of LIBS . It will be useful to analytical chemists and spectroscopists as an important source of information and also to graduate students and researchers engaged in the fields of combustion, environmental science, and planetary and space exploration. * Recent research work* Possible future applications* LIBS Principles
Download or read book Industrial Applications of Laser Diagnostics written by Yoshihiro Deguchi and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tighter regulations of harmful substances such as NOx, CO, heavy metals, particles, emissions from commercial plants and automobiles reflect a growing demand for lowering the anthropogenic burdens on the environment. It is equally important to monitor controlling factors to improve the operation of industrial machinery and plants. Among the many me
Download or read book Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Biological Forensic and Materials Sciences written by Gábor Galbács and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-13 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the area of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), focusing on its application to biological, forensic and materials sciences. LIBS, which was previously mainly used by physicists, chemists and in the industry, has now become a very useful tool with great potential in these other fields as well. LIBS has a unique set of characteristics including minimal destructiveness, remote sensing capabilities, potential portability, extremely high information content, trace analytical sensitivity and high throughput. With its content divided into two main parts, this book provides not only an introduction to the analytical capabilities and methodology, but also an overview of the results of recent applications in the above fields. The application-oriented, multidisciplinary approach of this work is also reflected in the diversity of the expert contributors. Given its breadth, this book will appeal to students, researchers and professionals interested in solving analytical/diagnostic/material characterization tasks with the application of LIBS.
Download or read book Laser Applications in Surface Science and Technology written by Horst-Günter Rubahn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1999-03-17 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ob zur Oberflachenanalytik oder zur Oberflachenbearbeitung - die Einsatzgebiete von Lasern in der Materialwissenschaft werden standig erweitert. Dabei ablaufende Prozesse beschranken sich gelegentlich auf einfaches Erwarmen und Schmelzen, haufig finden jedoch kompliziertere Vorgange wie die Bildung von Plasma oder kollektive Anregungen statt. Verschiedenste Techniken, die zugehorigen physikalischen Grundlagen und alle wichtigen Prozesse beschreibt dieses Buch, wobei auch neueste Themen wie ultrakurze Laserpulse oder die nichtlineare Oberflachenspektroskpoie zur Sprache kommen. (05/99)
Download or read book Theory and Application of Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition written by J. Mazumder and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this monograph, the authors offer a comprehensive examination of the latest research on Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition (LCVD). Chapters explore the physics of LCVD as well as the principles of a wide range of related phenomena-including laser-matter interactions, heat transfer, fluid flow, chemical kinetics, and adsorption. With this reference, researchers will discover how to apply these principles to developing theories about various types of LCVD processes; gain greater insight into the basic mechanisms of LCVD; and obtain the ability to design and control an LCVD system.
Download or read book Laser Diagnostics for Combustion Temperature and Species written by Alan C. Eckbreth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-10-10 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on spectroscopically-based, spatially-precise, laser techniques for temperature and chemical composition measurements in reacting and non-reacting flows, this book makes these powerful and important new tools in combustion research
Download or read book Laser Spectroscopy 2 written by Wolfgang Demtröder and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-07 with total page 773 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keeping abreast of the latest techniques and applications, this new edition of the standard reference and graduate text on laser spectroscopy has been completely revised and expanded. While the general concept is unchanged, the new edition features a broad array of new material, e.g., ultrafast lasers (atto- and femto-second lasers), coherent matter waves, Doppler-free Fourier spectroscopy, interference spectroscopy, quantum optics and gravitational waves and still more applications in chemical analysis, medical diagnostics, and engineering.
Download or read book Laser Diagnostics and Photochemical Processing for Semiconductor Devices written by R. M. Osgood and published by North Holland. This book was released on 1983 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laser Spectroscopy for Sensing written by Matthieu Baudelet and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-02-15 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser spectroscopy is a valuable tool for sensing and chemical analysis. Developments in lasers, detectors and mathematical analytical tools have led to improvements in the sensitivity and selectivity of spectroscopic techniques and extended their fields of application. Laser Spectroscopy for Sensing examines these advances and how laser spectroscopy can be used in a diverse range of industrial, medical, and environmental applications. Part one reviews basic concepts of atomic and molecular processes and presents the fundamentals of laser technology for controlling the spectral and temporal aspects of laser excitation. In addition, it explains the selectivity, sensitivity, and stability of the measurements, the construction of databases, and the automation of data analysis by machine learning. Part two explores laser spectroscopy techniques, including cavity-based absorption spectroscopy and the use of photo-acoustic spectroscopy to acquire absorption spectra of gases and condensed media. These chapters discuss imaging methods using laser-induced fluorescence and phosphorescence spectroscopies before focusing on light detection and ranging, photothermal spectroscopy and terahertz spectroscopy. Part three covers a variety of applications of these techniques, particularly the detection of chemical, biological, and explosive threats, as well as their use in medicine and forensic science. Finally, the book examines spectroscopic analysis of industrial materials and their applications in nuclear research and industry. The text provides readers with a broad overview of the techniques and applications of laser spectroscopy for sensing. It is of great interest to laser scientists and engineers, as well as professionals using lasers for medical applications, environmental applications, military applications, and material processing. Presents the fundamentals of laser technology for controlling the spectral and temporal aspects of laser excitation Explores laser spectroscopy techniques, including cavity-based absorption spectroscopy and the use of photo-acoustic spectroscopy to acquire absorption spectra of gases and condensed media Considers spectroscopic analysis of industrial materials and their applications in nuclear research and industry
Download or read book Advanced Diagnostics in Combustion Science written by Zhen-Yu Tian and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-12 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook, supported by the Textbook Publishing Center of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, provides a fundamental introduction to advanced diagnostics techniques for graduate students majoring in combustion science, chemistry, and chemical engineering-related subjects. The textbook provides an overview with respect to the spectroscopic methods in advanced diagnostics techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, thermochemical analysis, Raman scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance. It then describes the comprehensive basic theory, equipment structure, and testing methods of diagnostic techniques and summarizes the analysis methods commonly used in combustion chemical reaction processes. This can provide graduate students with important guidance and comprehensive understanding of diagnostics techniques before performing physics and chemistry experiments. In addition, it provides an introduction into using common mathematical and graphics packages for students to acquire and practice the tools to comply with international standards. The textbook is concise and illustrative and includes hot issues and current progress of diagnostics. In addition, exercises and questions are included at the end of each chapter for students to practice and gain hands-on experience. Given its scope, the textbook is of great benefit to graduate students in combustion chemistry and engineering and other related areas such as environmental science, optical engineering, and thermal science and is also beneficial for researchers with interdisciplinary backgrounds.
Download or read book Process Diagnostics Volume 117 written by A. K. Hays and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
Download or read book Handbook of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by David A. Cremers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting from fundamentals and moving through a thorough discussion of equipment, methods, and techniques, the Handbook of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy provides a unique reference source that will be of value for many years to come for this important new analysis method. The authors, with a total of over 60 years of experience in the LIBS method, use a combination of tutorial discussions ranging from basic principles up to more advanced descriptions along with extensive figures and photographs to clearly explain topics addressed in the text. In this second edition, chapters on the use of statistical analysis and advances in detection of weapons of mass destruction have been added. Tables of data related to analysis with LIBS have been updated. The Handbook of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Second Edition: provides a thorough but understandable discussion of the basic principles of the method based on atomic emission spectroscopy, including recently available data leading to better characterization of the LIBS plasma; presents a discussion of the many advantages of the method along with limitations, to provide the reader a balanced overview of capabilities of the method; describes LIBS instrumentation ranging from basic set-ups to more advanced configurations; presents a comprehensive discussion of the different types of components (laser, spectrometers, detectors) that can be used for LIBS apparatuses along with suggestions for their use, as well as an up-to-date treatment of the newest advances and capabilities of LIBS instruments; presents the analytical capabilities of the method in terms of detection limits, accuracy, and precision of measurements for a variety of different sample types; discusses methods of sampling different media such as gases, liquids, and solids; presents an overview of some real-world applications of the method, with new emphasis on sampling of biologically and physically dangerous materials; provides an up-to-date list of references to LIBS literature along with the latest detection limits and a unique list of element detection limits using a uniform analysis method; provides annotated examples of LIBS spectra which can serve as references for the general reader and will be especially useful for those starting out in the field.
Download or read book Plasma Diagnostics written by Orlando Auciello and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma Diagnostics, Volume 1: Discharge Parameters and Chemistry covers seven chapters on the important diagnostic techniques for plasmas and details their use in particular applications. The book discusses optical diagnostic techniques for low pressure plasmas and plasma processing; plasma diagnostics for electrical discharge light sources; as well as Langmuir probes. The text also describes the mass spectroscopy of plasmas, microwave diagnostics, paramagnetic resonance diagnostics, and diagnostics in thermal plasma processing. Electrical engineers, nuclear engineers, microwave engineers, chemists, and technical personnel in universities, industry, and national laboratories will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Beam Processing and Laser Chemistry written by I.W. Boyd and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1990-02-01 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume discusses both the practical and theoretical aspects of energy beam materials processing. It highlights the recent advances in the use of beams and incoherent light sources to enhance or modify chemical processes at solid surfaces. Special attention is given to the latest developments in the use of ion, electron and photon beams, and on laser-assisted process chemistry. Thin film and surface and interface reactions as well as bulk phase transformations are discussed. Practical technological details and the criteria for present and future applications are also reviewed. The papers collected in this volume reflect the continuing strong interest and variety of development in this field.
Download or read book Laser Processing and Analysis of Materials written by Walter W. Duley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has often been said that the laser is a solution searching for a problem. The rapid development of laser technology over the past dozen years has led to the availability of reliable, industrially rated laser sources with a wide variety of output characteristics. This, in turn, has resulted in new laser applications as the laser becomes a familiar processing and analytical tool. The field of materials science, in particular, has become a fertile one for new laser applications. Laser annealing, alloying, cladding, and heat treating were all but unknown 10 years ago. Today, each is a separate, dynamic field of research activity with many of the early laboratory experiments resulting in the development of new industrial processing techniques using laser technology. Ten years ago, chemical processing was in its infancy awaiting, primarily, the development of reliable tunable laser sources. Now, with tunability over the entire spectrum from the vacuum ultraviolet to the far infrared, photo chemistry is undergoing revolutionary changes with several proven and many promising commercial laser processing operations as the result. The ability of laser sources to project a probing beam of light into remote or hostile environments has led to the development of a wide variety of new analytical techniques in environmental and laboratory analysis. Many of these are reviewed in this book.
