Download or read book Language and State written by Xing Yu and published by FriesenPress. This book was released on 2021-05-04 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that while humans communicate using language, they create and use media. Media extend the distance of communication. Humans form themselves into a large community. This happens in a long historical process in which the state of the civilized society replaces the tribe of the primitive society. Language replaces kinship in playing a role in the formation of human society. Then this book argues that while humans communicate using language, they form political, economic and cultural communities which in turn jointly sustain the formation of the state. While humans use language in communication, they also create a series of language solutions to the organization of the state. They make a constitution, hold elections and even set up representation when they govern their state in the principle of democracy. Extending the distance of linguistic communication also underlies the formation of government as well as the emergence of three juxtaposing branches of government—administrative, legislative and judicial bodies. By using language in long-distance linguistic communication, humans further create their history, philosophy, literature, art, religion and law which play a role in the construction of people’s spirit that guides the operation and the future development of the state. Language not only gives origin to the state but also presets the whole process of the development of the state. This book offers one of the most systematic theories about the formation, the building and the future of the state.
Download or read book State Traditions and Language Regimes written by Linda Cardinal and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language policies are political. They have political consequences as well as political origins. In State Traditions and Language Regimes, scholars from Asia, Europe, and North America shift focus from the consequences of language policies to how and why states make language policy choices. This shift, theorized through the concept of "language regime," inserts an urgently needed political science perspective into the current dialogue between sociolinguists, who research the societal effects of language policies, and political theorists of language rights, who analyze the normative implications of policies. New analytical tools drawn from comparative politics are showcased to analyze paths taken by different states in establishing language regimes, at times disrupted and redirected at critical junctures. Contributions to the volume include analyses of Canada's increasingly court-driven language policies, the United States’ bifurcated language regime in the aftermath of 9/11, Ireland’s conflicted protection of the Irish language, France's linguistic Jacobin tradition disrupted by Europeanization, the role of political parties and coalitions in language regime stability and change in Taiwan and Southeast Asia, Poland's war-torn history informing policy toward regional languages, and the role of English in international peace-building. While other books look at the political and societal effects of language policy, none seeks to employ a historical institutionalism approach which sets language policy choice in the context of power relations embedded in state traditions. State Traditions and Language Regimes offers a comparative politics perspective, one that enriches interdisciplinary debate on language policy.
Download or read book Language Ethnic Identity and the State written by William Safran and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new study powerfully asserts the pivotal importance of the interplay between language and ethnicity, which is often underestimated as a component for political stability. These leading scholars present five key case studies of South Africa, Algeria, Canada, Latvia and Senegal. All five countries are multilingual nations where language has been a central political issue that has challenged their unity and stability. These studies are underpinned by two general, comparative and theoretical discussions, which analyse how scholars consider social class and economic factors to be the primary sources for political cohesion or of malcontent with the system and the new avenues opened by a focus on issues of langauge. This book will be of great interest to all students and scholars of linguistics, language, politics and sociology. This is a special issue of the leading journal Nationalism and Ethnic Politics.
Download or read book The State of the Language written by Christopher Ricks and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2024-06-21 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Sprawling, uncoordinated, uneven, noisy, and appealing," wrote one reviewer of the first edition of this book, published on 1 January 1980. "The language is in rude health," wrote another. Exactly a decade later, here is the book anew, with the same editors but with fifty fresh contributors writing essays and poems that engage our language today. Imaginative attention is bestowed on the changes of recent years, changes not only in the language but in how language is understood. In the forefront are the relations between British English, American English, and those other Englishes with which they compete or cooperate. The nervous negotiations of gender and feminism. The darkness of AIDS. The bright flicker of the computer. The old smolderings of "standard English" and correctness. The "bad language" that has lately done so well in our society. How all this has been politicized—or is it rather that its inevitably political nature has only now been recognized? Here these and many other facets of the language catch the various light. What has changed is understood in relation to what has not changed, and what has been gained in relation to what has been lost. There is sweep as well as detail, telescope as well as microscope, in this contemplation of the world of our language as it enters the world of the 1990s. The State of the Language has been prepared in cooperation with the English-Speaking Union of San Francisco. Some titles of essays in the book: Whose English? by Sidney Greenbaum Look, Ma, I'm Talking by Sandra Gilbert Fighting Talk by Marina Warner No Opera Please—We're British by Michael Bawtree Changing What We Sing by Margaret Doody On Not Being Milton: Nigger Talk in England Today by David Dabydeen Talking Black by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Subway Graffiti by Walter J. Ong Doublespeak by William Lutz It's a Myth, Innit? Politeness and the English Tag Question by John Algeo This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1980.
Download or read book When Languages Collide written by Brian D. Joseph and published by Ohio State University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Language Policy and Language Planning written by Sue Wright and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised second edition is a comprehensive overview of why we speak the languages that we do. It covers language learning imposed by political and economic agendas as well as language choices entered into willingly for reasons of social mobility, economic advantage and group identity.
Download or read book The State of the Language written by Leonard Michaels and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1980-01-01 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Speaking Like a State written by Alyssa Ayres and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-23 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines language and culture's importance to political legitimacy using the example of Pakistan, in comparison with India and Indonesia.
Download or read book Language and the State written by Sue Wright and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 1996 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume looks at language revitalization and revival in Israel and Eire.
Download or read book Finite state Language Processing written by Emmanuel Roche and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finite-state devices, such as finite-state automata, graphs, and finite-state transducers, have been present since the emergence of computer science and are extensively used in areas as various as program compilation, hardware modeling, and database management. Although finite-state devices have been known for some time in computational linguistics, more powerful formalisms such as context-free grammars or unification grammars have typically been preferred. Recent mathematical and algorithmic results in the field of finite-state technology have had a great impact on the representation of electronic dictionaries and on natural language processing, resulting in a new technology for language emerging out of both industrial and academic research. This book presents a discussion of fundamental finite-state algorithms, and constitutes an approach from the perspective of natural language processing.
Download or read book State Building and Multilingual Education in Africa written by Ericka A. Albaugh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-24 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do governments in Africa make decisions about language? What does language have to do with state-building, and what impact might it have on democracy? This manuscript provides a longue durée explanation for policies toward language in Africa, taking the reader through colonial, independence, and contemporary periods. It explains the growing trend toward the use of multiple languages in education as a result of new opportunities and incentives. The opportunities incorporate ideational relationships with former colonizers as well as the work of language NGOs on the ground. The incentives relate to the current requirements of democratic institutions, and the strategies leaders devise to win elections within these constraints. By contrasting the environment faced by African leaders with that faced by European state-builders, it explains the weakness of education and limited spread of standard languages on the continent. The work combines constructivist understanding about changing preferences with realist insights about the strategies leaders employ to maintain power.
Download or read book Spanish as a Heritage Language in the United States written by Sara M. Beaudrie and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing interest in heritage language learners—individuals who have a personal or familial connection to a nonmajority language. Spanish learners represent the largest segment of this population in the United States. In this comprehensive volume, experts offer an interdisciplinary overview of research on Spanish as a heritage language in the United States. They also address the central role of education within the field. Contributors offer a wealth of resources for teachers while proposing future directions for scholarship.
Download or read book Bilingual Cognition and Language written by David Miller and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2018-02-15 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection brings together leading names in the field of bilingualism research to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the Studies in Bilingualism series. Over the last 25 years the study of bilingualism has received a tremendous amount of attention from linguists, psychologists, cognitive scientists, and neuroscientists. The breadth of coverage in this volume is a testament to the many different aspects of bilingualism that continue to generate phenomenal interest in the scholarly community. The bilingual experience is captured through a multifaceted prism that includes aspects of language and literacy development in child bilinguals with and without developmental language disorders, language processing and mental representations in adult bilinguals across the lifespan, and the cognitive and neurological basis of bilingualism. Different theoretical approaches – from generative UG-based models to constructivist usage-based models – are brought to bear on the nature of bilingual linguistic knowledge. The end result is a compendium of the state-of-the-art of a field that is in constant evolution and that is on an upward trajectory of discovery.
Download or read book Basics of Language for Language Learners 2nd Edition written by Peter W. Culicover and published by . This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basics of Language for Language Learners, 2nd edition, by Peter W. Culicover and Elizabeth V. Hume, systematically explores all the aspects of language central to second language learning: the sounds of language, the different grammatical structures, the tools and strategies for learning, the social functions of communication, and the psychology of language learning and use.
Download or read book Language Culture and Power written by Lourdes Diaz Soto and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1996-11-26 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of educational research have documented the best practices and optimal educational experiences for language-minority children. Yet, the current conservative climate in our nation openly threatens bilingual education programs in schools and communities. Over a nine-year period, the author collected data from bilingual families residing in "Steel Town" Pennsylvania regarding their educational experiences. In January 1993 the local school board and school superintendent decided to eliminate its nationally recognized, twenty-year-old bilingual education program. For the first time in the history of this community, the bilingual families organized themselves to speak out on the importance of these programs to their lives. The political struggle that ensued during the bilingual controversy in Steel Town led to asymmetrical power relations. The voices of the bilingual community leaders, bilingual educators, and, more important, the bilingual children, were disregarded by the decision makers.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Language and Society written by Ofelia García and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors explore a range of sociolinguistic topics, including language variation, language ideologies, bi/multilingualism, language policy, linguistic landscapes, and multimodality. Each chapter provides a critical overview of the limitations of modernist positivist perspectives, replacing them with novel, up-to-date ways of theorizing and researching. [Publisher]
Download or read book Language in Louisiana written by Nathalie Dajko and published by Univ. Press of Mississippi. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributions by Lisa Abney, Patricia Anderson, Albert Camp, Katie Carmichael, Christina Schoux Casey, Nathalie Dajko, Jeffery U. Darensbourg, Dorian Dorado, Connie Eble, Daniel W. Hieber, David Kaufman, Geoffrey Kimball, Thomas A. Klingler, Bertney Langley, Linda Langley, Shane Lief, Tamara Lindner, Judith M. Maxwell, Rafael Orozco, Allison Truitt, Shana Walton, and Robin White Louisiana is often presented as a bastion of French culture and language in an otherwise English environment. The continued presence of French in south Louisiana and the struggle against the language's demise have given the state an aura of exoticism and at the same time have strained serious focus on that language. Historically, however, the state has always boasted a multicultural, polyglot population. From the scores of indigenous languages used at the time of European contact to the importation of African and European languages during the colonial period to the modern invasion of English and the arrival of new immigrant populations, Louisiana has had and continues to enjoy a rich linguistic palate. Language in Louisiana: Community and Culture brings together for the first time work by scholars and community activists, all experts on the cutting edge of research. In sixteen chapters, the authors present the state of languages and of linguistic research on topics such as indigenous language documentation and revival; variation in, attitudes toward, and educational opportunities in Louisiana’s French varieties; current research on rural and urban dialects of English, both in south Louisiana and in the long-neglected northern parishes; and the struggles more recent immigrants face to use their heritage languages and deal with language-based regulations in public venues. This volume will be of value to both scholars and general readers interested in a comprehensive view of Louisiana’s linguistic landscape.
