Download or read book Landscape and Conservation Genetics of Amphibians and Reptiles in California written by Erin Maurine Toffelmier and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining patterns of diversity at fine and global spatial scales is an important component of to inferring underlying evolutionary mechanisms, understanding species distributional patterns, and informing conservation. Globally, amphibians and reptiles are among the fastest declining taxonomic groups, and now more than ever, it is necessary to quantify diversity and its spatial drivers in order to most effectively conserve species. In this dissertation, I examine the population, landscape, and conservation genomics of several species along a continuum of endangerment, from highly endangered and on the brink of extinction to widespread and abundant. Throughout, I use large-scale molecular data sets coupled with spatial analyses to examine spatial genetic diversity in these varied species. My goals were to contribute to our understanding of how genetic diversity is distributed across a multitude of landscapes and to provide genetic context for the conservation of these species. In Chapters 1 and 2, I examined how genetic diversity is spread across the limited ranges of two ecologically disparate species, California tiger salamanders, Ambystoma californiense, in Santa Barbara County, and the Panamint alligator lizard, Elgaria panamintina, found only in the isolated desert mountain ranges of eastern California, and found surprising parallels. In both, I found populations with exceedingly low levels of genetic diversity and genetic effective population sizes. For tiger salamanders, genetic diversity and divergence is strongly correlated with the number of suitable breeding habitats in regional neighborhoods and presence of natural vernal pools, while divergence across the range of E. panamintina is primarily mediated by geographic distance. In both cases, our findings have important implications for how management and mitigation efforts may more effectively assist the recovery and/or protection of these groups. In Chapter 3, I examined the drivers of spatial genetic structure in the widespread southern alligator lizard, Elgaria multicarinata. I found that patterns of genetic isolation are driven primarily by geographic distances, but that regional ecological niches have also diverged. Collectively, my work demonstrates the utility of integrating genetic and spatial analyses across spatial scales to help elucidate how genetic diversity is distributed across variable landscapes.
Download or read book California Amphibian and Reptile Species of Special Concern written by Robert C. Thomson and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-06-21 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most important hotspots of herpetological biodiversity in the United States, California is home to many endemic amphibians and reptiles found nowhere else on earth. Many of these taxa have unique ecological and morphological specializations, and their management is an important conservation challenge. Increasing climate change impacts, human development, and extreme drought mean many of these species face an ever-greater risk of extinction. California Amphibian and Reptile Species of Special Concern provides an up-to-date synthesis of the current state of knowledge regarding the biology and conservation risks faced by 45 of California’s most sensitive amphibian and reptile species. With the goal of enhancing management based on the best available science, the authors developed a novel set of risk metrics to identify special concern species and the threats they face, including population declines, range size and restrictions, and ecological specializations and niche restrictions. In addition to detailed species accounts, this book provides a quantitative analysis of the conservation status and pressing management issues facing individual species and the state’s amphibian and reptile fauna as a whole. The volume focuses on identifying threats, concrete recommendations for management and recovery, and future research needs. The text is complemented by detailed distribution maps, color photos, and graphs. Written in nontechnical language, California Amphibian and Reptile Species of Special Concern will be a valuable resource to a broad range of users from resource managers, field biologists, and academic herpetologists to students and recreational naturalists. Published in association with the California Department of Fish and Wildlife.
Download or read book Comparative Conservation Genetics of Two Sympatric Lizard Species Across Multiple Landscapes in San Diego County written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical features of the landscape as well as taxa-specific characteristics of an organism may shape population genetic patterns by affecting dispersal and gene flow. Understanding what affects population genetic patterns is critical for developing conservation management strategies. This is especially true in the changing landscape of anthropogenic habitat modification and global climate change. However, most conservation genetic studies focus on a single species in a particular landscape, thereby limiting the ability to attribute patterns to particular aspects of the species or landscape. To assess how landscape features may impact population genetic patterns in different species, I compared genetic diversity, divergence and landscape genetic patterns of two sympatric lizard species in multiple replicate sites. The western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis) and the orange-throated whiptail (Aspidoscelis hyperythra, California Species of Special Concern) are small lizards that are abundant in the coastal sage scrub and chaparral habitats of coastal southern California. Lizard tissue samples were collected from five sites throughout San Diego County, California. A total of 325 samples of S. occidentalis were genotyped at 11 microsatellite loci, and 222 samples of A. hyperythra were genotyped at 10 microsatellite loci. Results suggest little fine-scale population genetic structure in these two lizard species. Analyses of the effect of roads on population genetic patterns vary by landscape site for both species. In particular, both lizard species at the site LOM show low genetic diversity and are susceptible to a barrier effect of the road. Analysis of pairs of first-order relatives reveals longer-distance dispersal events than previously reported for both species of lizard. Overall, the results presented here emphasize the importance of landscape features as well as taxa-specific ecological characteristics in shaping population genetic patterns. Both speciesand site-specific approaches should be considered for future conservation genetic studies.
Download or read book Field Guide to Amphibians and Reptiles of California written by Robert C. Stebbins and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2012-09-04 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ". . . encourage[s] hope and resilience in times of devastating damage."—New York Review of Books This user-friendly guide is the only complete resource that identifies and describes all the amphibians and reptiles—salamanders, frogs and toads, lizards, snakes, and tortoises and turtles—that live in California. The species are described in richly detailed accounts that include range maps, lifelike color paintings by Robert C. Stebbins, clear drawings of various life stages including eggs, notes on natural history, and conservation status. Easy-to-use keys for every order help identify species, and informative chapters cover more general topics including evolution, habitat loss, and photography. Throughout, anecdotes and observations reveal new insights into the lives of California’s abundant but often hidden amphibians and reptiles.
Download or read book An Integrative Population and Landscape Genomic Approach to Conservation of a Threatened California Amphibian at Multiple Spatial Scales written by Kevin M. Neal and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphibians are threatened world-wide, and due to the elusive, seasonal, and often nocturnal habits of adults, biological assessments of amphibian species are often best conducted via genetic analysis of easily-sampled pond-dwelling larvae. Genetic analysis of amphibian species can benefit their conservation in several ways, including identification of evolutionary lineages and subpopulations as fundamental units of conservation, genetic assessment of demography and diversity, and inference of patterns of gene flow among populations and how patterns are affected by environmental variation. In this dissertation I elucidated the evolutionary relationships and population genetic status of a threatened California amphibian (Spea hammondii) at multiple spatial scales using a combination of genetic, genomic, and environmental data. Chapter one utilized limited genetic data to determine phylogenetic relationships of Spea species and used environmental niche modeling to examine ecological differentiation between two allopatric lineages identified within S. hammondii. Chapter two took advantage of a newer genomic-scale dataset of thousands of SNP markers to look at fine-scale patterns of genetic variation among natural and artificial S. hammondii ponds in a highly urbanized region of Southern California. Chapter three also made use of thousands of markers to validate species-level relationships in Spea and used the added genomic resolution to examine relationships within and among genetic clusters and quantified the potential impacts of urbanization on functional genetic connectivity. Broadly, I found that the nominal taxon S. hammondii likely comprises two species. Populations within each species were highly differentiated from one another and had exceptionally low effective population sizes, such that each species lacks sufficient adaptive potential to thrive without intervention. Overall, this dissertation applied a suite of phylogenetic, population genomic, and landscape genomic tools to analyze patterns of genetic variation in S. hammondii to guide ongoing and future conservation efforts.
Download or read book California Amphibians and Reptiles written by Robert Hansen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2025-01-14 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A spectacularly illustrated field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of California California is home to more than 200 species of reptiles and amphibians that can be found in an extraordinary array of habitats, from coastal temperate rainforests with giant redwoods to southeastern deserts offering dazzling wildflower displays each spring. California Amphibians and Reptiles covers every species and subspecies in this biodiverse region of the United States, with outstanding color photography and in-depth species accounts that draw on the latest findings on taxonomy and distribution. Setting a new standard for regional field guides, this state-of-the-art guide will serve as the definitive reference for California’s amphibian and reptile fauna for many years to come. Covers all 209 species of amphibians and reptiles found in California Features hundreds of stunning photos that illustrate geographic and within-species variation as well as differences among males, females, and young Includes first-ever color images and species accounts for newly discovered species Shows every species and subspecies in full color on a white background Depicts all amphibian larvae in breathtaking color Detailed species accounts describe key identification features, similar species, habitat, range and elevation, activity and behavior, diet, reproduction, and conservation Provides updated status of all threatened, endangered, nonnative, and special concern species Accurate range maps reflect contemporary and, where applicable, historical distributions in light of significant habitat loss across the state An invaluable resource for amateur naturalists, resource managers, and professional herpetologists
Download or read book Landscape Genetics written by Niko Balkenhol and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LANDSCAPE GENETICS: CONCEPTS, METHODS, APPLICATIONS LANDSCAPE GENETICS: CONCEPTS, METHODS, APPLICATIONS Edited by Niko Balkenhol, Samuel A. Cushman, Andrew T. Storfer, Lisette P. Waits Landscape genetics is an exciting and rapidly growing field, melding methods and theory from landscape ecology and population genetics to address some of the most challenging and urgent ecological and evolutionary topics of our time. Landscape genetic approaches now enable researchers to study in detail how environmental complexity in space and time affect gene flow, genetic drift, and local adaptation. However, learning about the concepts and methods underlying the field remains challenging due to the highly interdisciplinary nature of the field, which relies on topics that have traditionally been treated separately in classes and textbooks. In this edited volume, some of the leading experts in landscape genetics provide the first comprehensive introduction to underlying concepts, commonly used methods, and current and future applications of landscape genetics. Consistent with the interdisciplinary nature of the field, the book includes textbook-like chapters that synthesize fundamental concepts and methods underlying landscape genetics (Part 1), chapters on advanced topics that deserve a more in-depth treatment (Part 2), and chapters illustrating the use of concepts and methods in empirical applications (Part 3). Aimed at beginning landscape geneticists and experienced researchers alike, this book will be helpful for all scientists and practitioners interested in learning, teaching, and applying landscape genetics.
Download or read book Life History and Genetic Diversity in Desert Reptiles and Amphibians written by Lauren Michele Chan and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atlas of the Biodiversity of California written by California. Department of Fish and Game and published by Calif. Department of Fish and Game. This book was released on 2003 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Those of us who live in California know that it is an amazing place, and one of the reasons our state is so unique is the incredible diversity of life throughout its length and breadth. This atlas shows what the diversity of life in California is and where such resources are located.
Download or read book Landscape Genetic Analysis and Population Structure of Three Sympatric Amphibians in a Managed Redwood Forest of Northwestern California written by Cindy Castaneda and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timber harvesting of coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) in California has altered habitat that is important to population connectivity of amphibian species. I employed a landscape genetic analysis to reveal landscape features of the redwood forest that influence population genetic structure among populations of coastal giant salamanders (D. tenebrosus), tailed frogs (A. truei), and southern torrent salamanders (R. variegatus). SAMOVA analysis indicated twelve ( K = 12) genetically differentiated populations of tailed frogs where clustering of populations for most watersheds was observed. Low subdivision (K = 2) of coastal giant salamander populations was depicted by SAMOVA and suggested a general north to south clustering. A single haplotype was identified in southern torrent salamanders; hence, no groups were differentiated. Gene flow in tailed frogs was significantly associated with forest structure; however, no landscape features were correlated with gene flow in coastal giant salamanders and southern torrent salamanders. A pattern of isolation by distance was found only in tailed frogs. Results indicate low dispersal in tailed frogs limited by habitat and broad terrestrial movement in coastal giant salamanders that is not spatially restricted.
Download or read book Genetics of Speciation written by David L. Jameson and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nature of populations, races, subspecies, and species. Genetic basis of isolation. Origin of isolation - theoretical. Origin of isolation - experimental. The nature of the speciation process.
Download or read book Amphibians and Reptiles of Baja California Including Its Pacific Islands and the Islands in the Sea of Cort s written by L. Lee Grismer and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2002-09-16 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Baja California peninsula is home to many forms of life found nowhere else on earth. This, combined with the peninsula's rugged and inaccessible terrain, has made the area one of the last true biological frontiers of North America. L. Lee Grismer is not only the foremost authority on the amphibians and reptiles of Baja California, but also an outstanding photographer. He has produced the most comprehensive work on the herpetofauna of the peninsula and its islands ever published. With its stunning color images, detailed accounts of many little-known species, and descriptions of the region's diverse environment, this is the definitive guide to the amphibians and reptiles of a fascinating and remote region. The culmination of Grismer's quarter century of fieldwork on the Baja peninsula and his exploration of more than one hundred of its islands in the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Cortés, this book gives information on the identification, distribution, natural history, and taxonomy of each species of amphibian and reptile found there. Preliminary accounts of the life history of many of the salamanders, frogs, toads, turtles, lizards, and snakes are reported here for the first time, and several species that were almost unknown to science are illustrated in full color. The book also contains new data on species distribution and on the effect of the isolated landscape of the peninsula and its islands on the evolutionary process. Much of the information gathered here is presented in biogeographical overviews that consider the extremely varied environments of Baja California in both a contemporary and a historical framework. An original and important contribution to science, this book will generate further research for years to come as it becomes a benchmark reference for both professionals and amateurs.
Download or read book Amphibians and Reptiles of California written by Flaxington and published by . This book was released on 2021-01-27 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renowned for its biodiversity, California is home to a vast number of amphibians and reptiles, from a multitude of slender salamanders to the venomous Gila Monster and massive Leatherback Sea Turtle. This complete guide contains 184 species accounts, 396 color illustrations, and 121 distribution maps.
Download or read book Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Distributions in a Complex Human dominated Lanscape written by Lynn A. Schnurr and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecosystems of California written by Harold Mooney and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-anticipated reference and sourcebook for CaliforniaÕs remarkable ecological abundance provides an integrated assessment of each major ecosystem typeÑits distribution, structure, function, and management. A comprehensive synthesis of our knowledge about this biologically diverse state, Ecosystems of California covers the state from oceans to mountaintops using multiple lenses: past and present, flora and fauna, aquatic and terrestrial, natural and managed. Each chapter evaluates natural processes for a specific ecosystem, describes drivers of change, and discusses how that ecosystem may be altered in the future. This book also explores the drivers of CaliforniaÕs ecological patterns and the history of the stateÕs various ecosystems, outlining how the challenges of climate change and invasive species and opportunities for regulation and stewardship could potentially affect the stateÕs ecosystems. The text explicitly incorporates both human impacts and conservation and restoration efforts and shows how ecosystems support human well-being. Edited by two esteemed ecosystem ecologists and with overviews by leading experts on each ecosystem, this definitive work will be indispensable for natural resource management and conservation professionals as well as for undergraduate or graduate students of CaliforniaÕs environment and curious naturalists.
Download or read book Behavioral Ecology and Conservation Biology written by Timothy M. Caro and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998-08-27 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavioural ecologists study how animals maximize their genetic representation, whilst conservation biologists study small populations & attempt to prevent species extinctions. This volume attempts to link these disciplines formally.
Download or read book Handbook of Road Ecology written by Rodney van der Ree and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the IENE Project Award 2016. This authoritative volume brings together some of the world’s leading researchers, academics, practitioners and transportation agency personnel to present the current status of the ecological sustainability of the linear infrastructure – primarily road, rail and utility easements – that dissect and fragment landscapes globally. It outlines the potential impacts, demonstrates how this infrastructure is being improved, and how broad ecological principles are applied to mitigate the impact of road networks on wildlife. Research and monitoring is an important aspect of road ecology, encompassing all phases of a transportation project. This book covers research and monitoring to span the entire project continuum – starting with planning and design, through construction and into maintenance and management. It focuses on impacts and solutions for species groups and specific regions, with particular emphasis on the unique challenges facing Asia, South America and Africa. Other key features: Contributions from authors originating from over 25 countries, including from all continents Each chapter summarizes important lessons, and includes lists of further reading and thoroughly up to date references Highlights principles that address key points relevant to all phases in all road projects Explains best-practices based on a number of successful international case studies Chapters are "stand-alone", but they also build upon and complement each other; extensive cross-referencing directs the reader to relevant material elsewhere in the book Handbook of Road Ecology offers a comprehensive summary of approximately 30 years of global efforts to quantify the impacts of roads and traffic and implement effective mitigation. As such, it is essential reading for those involved in the planning, design, assessment and construction of new roads; the management and maintenance of existing roads; and the modifying or retrofitting of existing roads and problem locations. This handbook is an accessible resource for both developed and developing countries, including government transportation agencies, Government environmental/conservation agencies, NGOs, and road funding and donor organisations.
