Download or read book La s questration du carbone par reformage du m thane au gaz carbonique written by Jasmin Blanchard and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CO 2 Dioxye de Carbone written by and published by Ed. Techniques Ingénieur. This book was released on with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Valorisation du CO2 written by Chakib Bouallou and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reformage sec du m thane l aide de catalyseurs base de molybd ne written by Marine Gaillard and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dans le contexte énergétique actuel, de nouvelles filières de production d'énergies renouvelables sont encouragées. En Europe, la méthanisation est une alternative très utilisée car elle produit du biogaz composé de CH4 et de CO2. Le reformage de ce biogaz pourrait conduire à la consommation des deux plus importants gaz à effet de serre, pour la production de syngaz (H2, CO) utilisé en synthèse Fischer-Tropsch, et édifiant une technologie waste-to-liquids. Un des principaux verrous de cette réaction est la présence de soufre comme impureté dans le biogaz, qui empoisonnent les catalyseurs utilisés.Ainsi, une série de catalyseurs à base de molybdène a été synthétisée et testée en reformage à sec du méthane. L'influence de plusieurs paramètres a été testée, tels que (i) la charge en molybdène (ii) l'influence de promoteurs (Ni, Co, CeO2, MgO) ou (iii) l'utilisation de différents supports (Al2O3, ZrO2, Carbone, SiO2, MgO). Les catalyseurs ont été analysés au moyen de différentes caractérisations physico-chimiques afin de mettre en évidence des relations structure/activité, d'identifier les causes de désactivation possibles et de conclure sur la formulation la plus stable en présence d'H2S lors des tests catalytiques.
Download or read book laboration caract risation et mise en uvre d un catalyseur dans le reformage du biogaz en vue de la production d hydrog ne vert written by Thanh Son Phan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La production du biogaz ne cesse d'augmenter dans le monde entier. La combustion pour produire de la chaleur et de l'électricité, de même que la production du biométhane pour l'injection au réseau de gaz de ville sont les deux applications industrielles majeures du biogaz. La recherche actuelle sur la valorisation du biogaz se focalise sur la production des produits à haute valeur ajoutée comme l'hydrogène pour la mobilité. C'est l'objectif principal du projet VABHYOGAZ3, financé par ADEME, qui vise à déployer la production d'H2 à partir du biogaz dans le Tarn. Le procédé de reformage du biogaz adopté par les partenaires industriels du projet VABHYOGAZ3 est le vaporeformage, qui est couramment utilisé dans l'industrie pour reformer le gaz naturel, et qui est un procédé fortement énergivore. Cette thèse a pour objectif de développer des catalyseurs performants pour le reformage à sec du méthane (RSB : conversion de CH4 et CO2 en syngas - mélange de CO et H2) et pour le tri-reformage du méthane (Tri-RB : conversion de CH4, CO2, H2O et O2 en syngas). Le but ultime est d'optimiser l'efficacité énergétique du procédé global de la production d'H2 via le reformage du biogaz, qui est indispensable pour rendre ce procédé économiquement viable. En fait, les catalyseurs en RSB et Tri-RB ont souvent le problème de désactivation catalytique en raison du dépôt de coke et du frittage thermique à haute température (> 700°C). L'obtention d'un catalyseur performant sous les conditions sévères de RSB et Tri-RB est crucial pour le déploiement de ces procédés à large échelle industrielle. Dans un premier temps, une étude sur la thermodynamique des procédés globaux de la production d'H2 via le reformage du biogaz a été effectuée. Les bilans de matière et d'énergie de ces procédés ont aussi été réalisés par la simulation sur Aspen Plus. Ensuite, différents catalyseurs à base de nickel supporté sur les supports d'hydroxyapatite (HAP) et d'hydroxyapatite substituée au Mg (Mg_HAP) ont été préparés et caractérisés. Les supports à base d'HAP sont considérés comme des nouveaux matériaux catalytiques qui ont des propriétés appropriées en catalyse hétérogène, en particulier pour des procédés à haute température tels que RSB et Tri-RB. Dans cette étude, les supports HAP ayant les rapports molaires de Ca/P de 1,55, 1,67 et 1,75, et Mg_HAP (substitution de 2,2, 5,8 et 8,5% de Ca par Mg) ont été synthétisés. Ces supports ont été dopés avec 5% en masse de Ni par imprégnation à sec. Ces catalyseurs ont été évalués dans les deux réactions de RSB et Tri-RB dans un réacteur à lit fixe. Une étude paramétrique sur l'influence des conditions opératoires incluant la température, la pression totale, le débit d'alimentation du biogaz, et le rapport molaire de la vapeur d'eau sur méthane (S/C) et d'oxygène sur méthane (O/C), a été effectuée. L'objectif a été de comparer et d'identifier les meilleurs catalyseurs et les meilleurs conditions opératoires. Les bilans de matières ont été établis. Les raisons de la désactivation catalytique ont été mises en évidence. Enfin, la stabilité catalytique des meilleurs catalyseurs a été étudiée pendant 150-300 h de réaction. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les catalyseurs à base de Ni supporté sur HAP ou Mg_HAP sont compétitifs par rapport aux meilleurs catalyseurs identifiés dans la littérature. Ce travail confirme également l'intérêt de l'utilisation des nouveaux supports à base d'HAP dans la catalyse hétérogène et en particulier dans les procédés à haute température.
Download or read book Introduction to Carbon Capture and Sequestration written by Berend Smit and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Captage Et Le Stockage Des missions de Dioxyde de Carbone written by D. A. Reeve and published by Le Bureau. This book was released on 2000 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication reviews the current status of carbon dioxide (CO2) capture & storage technology development in Canada and the contribution that these technologies could make to greenhouse gas mitigation. It first describes what capture & storage of carbon emissions involves, including CO2 separation from industrial effluents, transportation of captured CO2 to a use or storage site, and sequestration of captured CO2 in geological reservoirs or oceans. It then discusses sources of CO2 emission & CO2 storage capacities available in Canada, strategic considerations involved in deployment of CO2 capture & storage technologies, current capture & storage initiatives in Canada, and international capture & storage activities of interest to Canada. The final sections outline a more ambitious program approach to implementing capture & storage technology in Canada as well as other actions needed for technology development.
Download or read book Etude Exp rimentale de L adsorption Du M thane Dans Des Gaz de Schistes Colombiens Et de la S paration M thane dioxyde de Carbone written by Olga Ortiz Cancino and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation we developed three main works in which adsorption phenomenon play a predominant role.According to the BP Statistical Review, Colombia's reserves/production ratio is close to 12 and currently all the natural gas production comes from conventional reserves; meanwhile its unconventional technically recoverable gas reserves are about twelve times greater than conventional ones. Most of them are located in the Middle Magdalena Valley Sedimentary Basin (MMV). In this context we measured the methane adsorption capacity on five shale core samples obtained during exploratory drilling from three boreholes located in the MMV. The experiments were carried out at 50 and 75°C and for pressure ranging up to 3.5 MPa under dry conditions. The geochemical and structural characterizations were carried out in the Department of Geology of the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. The effect of total organic carbon (TOC), thermal maturity, clay content and specific surface area (SSA) on methane adsorption capacity was studied. The results shows that the temperature has a negative effect on the adsorption capacity, while TOC has a positive effect, even if no linear regression was found between TOC and methane adsorption capacity. No correlation was observed between the clay content and the TOC-normalized adsorption capacity to methane, which indicates that clay minerals do not significantly contribute to methane adsorption in the case of our samples. In addition, there is not a general trend between TOC normalized and thermal maturity. Among the factors investigated in the present study, TOC has the major contribution to the adsorption uptake. A similar contribution is found for the SSA, which is consistent, considering the positive correlation between TOC and SSA. This set of data represents meaningful information for indirect estimations of the gas in place during the future recovery strategies. And maybe the most important, this study furthers the ongoing projects on the understanding of the adsorption effect on shale gas production and assessment.In addition to this work, we made a study on selective CH4/CO2 adsorption on a shale gas, which was previously characterized. The adsorption capacity and enthalpy of CO2 and CH4 pure at 50°C and for pressures up to 3.2 MPa were measured. Additionally, the equimolar mixture methane/carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms was performed up to 2 MPa at the same temperature. The results show that CO2 is preferentially adsorbed than methane, both in pure state as in the mixture. The estimated selectivity CO2/CH4 highlights a significant affinity of CO2 with the kerogen of this sample. These results are of great interest from an industrial point of view, because they mean that this shale could be a candidate for CO2 injection as recovery method; and for CO2 storage when it was depleted. Finally, having into account that separation and capture of CO2 have environmental connotations, we explored the separation of CO2 from an equimolar CH4/CO2 mixture using adsorbents of silica nanoparticles (natives and functionalized with amines) developed in the University of Vigo. We measured the adsorption capacity and enthalpy of CO2 and CH4 at 50°C and pressures up to 3MPa and the equimolar CH4/CO2 adsorption capacity at the same temperature and up to 2 MPa in both set of nanoparticles. The results showed that there is a preferential adsorption to CO2 over CH4 (in pure state and in the mixture), but CO2 adsorption is lower in native particles than in functionalized ones. However native particles are promising for CO2 capture. The value of selectivity of CO2 over CH4 is almost the same for both samples, it means that the functionalization process did not improve the performance of the particles in this case. This kind of works has a lot of perspective for the future.
Download or read book Alcohols and Bioalcohols written by Angelo Bruno Basile and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014-01-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book concentrates on some particular aspects of bioalcohols such as its production and uses. The main aim of this book is to provide an overview of worldwide research on the use of bioalcohols in energy development. In fact, it summarises the characteristics and methods used to produce bioethanol and the current approaches on lignocellulosic-derived biofuel with its performance and its exhaust emissions. This book also provides an overview of recent research activities in the field of reactors and catalytic reactions from the steam reforming of alcohol and bioalcohol for the production of H2.
Download or read book Three phase Catalytic Reactors written by P. A. Ramachandran and published by Gordon & Breach Publishing Group. This book was released on 1983 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microreactors in Organic Chemistry and Catalysis written by Thomas Wirth and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-22 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the second edition of 'Microreactors in Organic Chemistry and Catalysis' all chapters have been revised and updated to reflect the latest developments in this rapidly developing field. This new edition has 60% more content, and it remains a comprehensive publication covering most aspects of the topic. The use of microreactors in homogeneous, heterogeneous as well as biphasic reactions is covered in the main part of the book, together with catalytic, bioorganic and automation approaches. The initial chapters also provide a solid physical chemistry background on fluidics in microdevices. Finally, a chapter on industrial applications and developments covers recent progress in process chemistry. An excellent reference for beginners and experts alike.
Download or read book Integrated Forest Biorefineries written by Lew Christopher and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012-09-30 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference book describes how bioprocessing and biotechnology could enhance the value extracted from wood-based lignocellulosic fiber by employing both biochemical and thermochemical conversion processes. It documents recent accomplishments and suggests future prospects for research and development of integrated forest biorefineries (IFBR) as the path forward for the pulp, paper and other fiber-processing industries. This is the only book to cover this area of high economic, social, and environmental importance. It is aimed at industrialists and academics from diverse science and engineering backgrounds including chemical and biotechnology companies, governmental and professional bodies, and scholarly societies. The Editor and contributors are internationally recognized scientists and many are leaders in their respective fields. The book starts with an introductory overview of the current state of biorefining and a justification for future developments. The next four chapters deal with social, economic and environmental issues related to regulations, biomass production and supply, process modelling, and life cycle analysis. Subsequent chapters focus on the extraction of biochemicals from biomass and their potential utilization to add value to the IFBR prior to pulping. The book then presents, compares and evaluates two types of forest biorefineries based on kraft and organosolv pulping. Finally, the book assess the potential of waste biomass and streams, such paper mill sludge and black liquor, to serve as feedstock for biofuel production and value-added biomaterials through both the biochemical and thermochemical routes of biomass bioprocessing. The economics of the described IFBR processes and products, and their environmental impact, is a major focus in most of the chapters. Practical examples are presented where relevant and applicable.
Download or read book Molecular Basis of Oxidative Stress written by Frederick A. Villamena and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-06-06 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sets the stage for the development of better diagnostic techniques and therapeutics Featuring contributions from an international team of leading clinicians and biomedical researchers, Molecular Basis of Oxidative Stress reviews the molecular and chemical bases of oxidative stress, describing how oxidative stress can lead to the development of cancer and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, it explains the potential role of free radicals in both the diagnosis and the development of therapeutics to treat disease. Molecular Basis of Oxidative Stress is logically organized, beginning with a comprehensive discussion of the fundamental chemistry of reactive species. Next, the book: Presents new mechanistic insights into how oxidative damage of biomolecules occurs Examines how these oxidative events effect cellular metabolism Investigates the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of cancer, neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular disease, and cystic fibrosis Explores opportunities to improve the diagnosis of disease and the design of new therapeutic agents Readers will find much novel information, including new radical chemistries and the latest discoveries of how free radicals react with biomolecules. The contributors also present recent findings that help us better understand the initiation of oxidative stress and the mechanisms leading to the pathogenesis of various diseases. Throughout the book, the use of molecular structures helps readers better understand redox chemistry. In addition, plenty of detailed figures illustrate the mechanisms of oxidative stress and disease pathogenesis. Examining everything from the basic chemistry of oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of disease, Molecular Basis of Oxidative Stress will help readers continue to explore the nature of oxidative stress and then use that knowledge to develop new approaches to prevent, detect, and treat a broad range of disease conditions.
Download or read book Gasification Processes written by Petr A. Nikrityuk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-09-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridging the gap between the well-known technological description of gasification and the underlying theoretical understanding, this book covers the latest numerical and semi-empirical models describing interphase phenomena in high-temperature conversion processes. Consequently, it focuses on the description of gas-particle reaction systems by state-of-the-art computational models in an integrated, unified form. Special attention is paid to understanding and modeling the interaction between individual coal particles and a surrounding hot gas, including heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions inside the particle on the particle interface and near the interface between the solid and gas phases. While serving the needs of engineers involved in industrial research, development and design in the field of gasification technologies, this book's in-depth coverage makes it equally ideal for young and established researchers in the fields of thermal sciences and chemical engineering with a focus on heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions.
Download or read book Combustion written by J. Warnatz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-23 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a rigorous treatment of the coupling of chemical reactions and fluid flow. Combustion-specific topics of chemistry and fluid mechanics are considered and tools described for the simulation of combustion processes. This edition is completely restructured. Mathematical Formulae and derivations as well as the space-consuming reaction mechanisms have been replaced from the text to appendix. A new chapter discusses the impact of combustion processes on the atmosphere, the chapter on auto-ignition is extended to combustion in Otto- and Diesel-engines, and the chapters on heterogeneous combustion and on soot formation are heavily revised.
Download or read book Advances in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion written by A.V. Bridgwater and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 1730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an account of the state-of-the-art in thermochemical biomass conversion and arises from the third conference in a series sponsored by the International Energy Agency's Bioenergy Agreement. Fundamental and applied research topics are included, reflecting recent advances as well as demonstration and commercial innovation.
Download or read book Research in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion written by A.V. Bridgwater and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference is the second such meeting under the auspices of the International Energy Agency's Bioenergy Agreement. The first lEA sponsored Fundamentals of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Conference was held in Estes Park in 1982 and attracted 153 delegates from 13 countries around the world at a time when interest in biomass derived energy was at a peak. Since then oil prices have fallen considerably and with most prognoses for level prices until the end of the century, there has been a significant downturn in support for biomass conversion technologies. It has been particularly encouraging, therefore, to have received such an excellent response to this meeting. A total of 122 papers were offered, and 135 delegates registered for the conference from 19 countries. The theme of this meeting was Research in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion to reflect the advances made in research, development, demonstration and com mercialisation since the Fundamentals meeting in 1982. The programme was divided into sections on fundamental research, applied research, and demonstration and commercial activities to emphasise the interaction and roles of all levels of research in supporting the eventual commercial implementation. The layout of the pro ceedings reflects this same pattern, with an introductory section on status and technoeconomics to identify opportunities and constraints in different parts of the world. All the papers included in these proceedings have been subjected to the usual peer review process to ensure the highest standards.
