Download or read book La Libert contractuelle au regard du droit de la concurrence written by Odile Mathilde Boudou and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'individu est au centre de la constitution du contrat. Il est le titulaire de la liberté contractuelle. L'importance accordée aux droits subjectifs a rendu le droit des obligations vulnérable face aux bouleversements des conditions objectives de la vie des contrats. Le droit de la concurrence s'est constitué comme l'expression spécifique de l'encadrement apporté par le droit à la liberté contractuelle en matière économique. Le contrat est l'outil juridique traditionnel pour les échanges commerciaux. La réglementation de la concurrence est largement imprégnée par le droit des obligations. Toutefois, les domaines d'application du droit de la concurrence et de la liberté contractuelle sont distincts. L'entente est le point d'intersection privilégié entre le droit des contrats et le droit de la concurrence. Les convergences et les conflits sont inévitables. Les éléments constitutifs du contrat sont largement déformés par le prisme économique au travers duquel ils sont analysés. L'appréciation particulière de la volonté en droit de la concurrence révèle la divergence entre les critères liés à la liberté de la concurrence et ceux liés à la liberté contractuelle. La personnalité juridique des parties est sans influence. Elles ne sont recherchées que pour leur fonction économique. L'atteinte à la concurrence est détachée de toute forme juridique. L'entente est appréciée autant comme un fait juridique que comme un acte juridique. L'obligation économique se substitue à l'obligation juridique. On aboutit à une analyse casuistique des relations des parties. Le contrat n'est poursuivi qu'en ce qu'il constitue un moyen anticoncurrentiel. La sanction de l'atteinte à la concurrence se réfère expressément à des techniques propres au droit des contrats. Mais l'indifférence aux droits subjectifs des entreprises affaiblit la portée de ces sanctions. Cette solution alourdit les procédures et complexifie l'application du droit. Elle décourage les victimes qui pourraient s'en prévaloir.
Download or read book The Evolution of European Competition Law written by Hanns Ullrich and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Ullrich is thoughtful and attracted star scholars from many countries, so the papers and discussion are provocative and introduce recent economic thinking, although many are written by lawyers. . . The text is lucid and interesting, the thought innovative and anyone seriously interested in competition policy should read these papers and the comments with pleasure. Valentine Korah, World Competition This collection of papers and comments deserves to be widely read, and it should appeal to academics and practitioners alike. The great mix of topics and the variety of views offered make this a very stimulating contribution to the discussion of the new paradigm of EC competition law, the more economic approach, and its implications for the application and interpretation of the various EU antitrust rules. Thomas Eilmansberger, European Law Journal The editor should be congratulated for bringing together this diverse group of scholars whose spirited disagreements remind one of the many challenges faced in exploring the role and function of competition law. Giorgio Monti, European Review of Contract Law With contributions from leading scholars from all over Europe and the US, this book covers the major areas of substantive competition law from an evolutionary perspective. The leitmotiv of the book has been to assess the dividing line between safeguarding and regulating competition, which it does by reviewing the following subjects: foundations of competition policy in the EU and the US strategic competition policy the evolution of European competition law from a national (Italian) perspective the block exemption of vertical agreements after four years the new Technology Transfer Block Exemption cooperative networking mergers in the media sector abuse of market power concepts of competition in sector specific regulation competition, regulation and systems coherence efficiency claims in EU competition law and sector specific regulation. The Evolution of European Competition Law will be of great interest to lawyers, economists, academics, judges and public officials working in the fields of competition law and policy.
Download or read book European Contract Law written by Bénédicte Fauvarque-Cosson and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Association Henri Capitant des Amis de la Culture Juridique Française and the Société de législation comparée joined the academic network on European Contract Law in 2005 to work on the elaboration of a "common terminology" and on "guiding principles" as well as to propose a revised version of the Principles of European Contract Law (PECL). The results of this work were sent to the European Commission and have already been published in French. The English translation is now being published by sellier.elp. This work could contribute to the wider European project. The part on the guiding principles could be a component of the CFR, in the form of "black letter" model rules or recitals. The part on terminology is, in itself, useful for the elaboration of the final various linguistic versions of the CFR. It finds its place within the materials which will accompany the model rules. Last but by no means least, the revised version of the PECL should be considered by the European institutions as an alternative set of model rules on contract law.
Download or read book Les nouvelles r gulations lectriques 1 monopole et concurrence written by LAPEYRE Michel and published by Lavoisier. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'approvisionnement en électricité connaît en France de nombreuses et profondes transformations : le monopole de la fourniture est supprimé , le capital d'EDF est ouvert , les énergies renouvelables se développent , la lutte contre les émissions de gaz à effet de serre devient une priorité , la maîtrise de la demande d'énergie doit impérativement se développer , on peut donner aux réseaux publics des fonctions supplémentaires grâce aux techniques de l'information et de la communication. Les nouvelles régulations électriques ont pour objet les multiples organismes contribuant, à des degrés divers, à déterminer ou à influencer – autrement dit à réguler – le cadre dans lequel les entreprises électriques exercent aujourd'hui leurs activités. Cet ouvrage décrit chaque régulation et en analyse les effets. Le présent tome, à caractère économique et politique, porte sur les régulations destinées à la maîtrise des prix et à la progression de la qualité.
Download or read book Revue de droit uniforme written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 998 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Customary Law Today written by Laurent Mayali and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses current practices in customary law. It includes contributions by scholars from various legal systems (the USA, France, Israel, Canada etc.), who examine the current impacts of customary law on various aspects of private law, constitutional law, business law, international law and criminal law. In addition, the book expands the traditional concept of the rule of law, and argues that lawyers should not narrowly focus on statutory law, but should instead pay more attention to the impact of practices on “real legal life.” It states that the observation of practices calls for a stronger focus on usage, customs and traditions in our legal systems – the idea being not to replace statutory law, but to complement it with customary observations.
Download or read book AIPPI written by International Association for the Protection of Industrial Property and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recueil Des Arr ts Et D cisions written by European Court of Human Rights and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Practical Guide to the South African Competition Act written by Minette Neuhoff and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Common Frame of Reference written by Gerhard Wagner and published by sellier. european law publ.. This book was released on 2009 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recoge: Contract remedies from the incentive perspective. -- Remedies for breach of contract in the DCFR. -- Beyond expectation?- An assesment of the DCFR rule on contratual damages. -- The right to specific performance under the DCFR. -- Long-term contracts and the DCFR. Interpretation and adjustment. --Consumer law in the DCFR. -- Non-discrimination in the DCFR. -- The law of torts in the DCFR.
Download or read book Copyright 1990 written by International Literary and Artistic Association. Symposium and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Droit et pratique du commerce international written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Agency and Distribution Agreements written by Thomas F. Clasen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of foreign commercial intermediaries is fundamental to international business: one half of all exports are handled by foreign agents and distributors. In consequence lawyers are frequently called upon to prepare or review agreements between suppliers and prospective intermediaries overseas. This work should enable them to do just that.
Download or read book The Effects of Financial Crises on the Binding Force of Contracts Renegotiation Rescission or Revision written by Başak Başoğlu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-25 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about one of the most controversial dilemmas of contract law: whether or not the unexpected change of circumstances due to the effects of financial crises may under certain conditions be taken into account. Growing interconnectedness of global economies facilitates the spread of the effects of the financial crises. Financial crises cause severe difficulties for persons to fulfill their contractual obligations. During the financial crises, performance of contractual obligations may become excessively onerous or may cause an excessive loss for one of the contracting parties and consequently destroy the contractual equilibrium and legitimate the governmental interventions. Uncomfortable economic climate leads to one of the most controversial dilemmas of the contract law: whether the binding force of the contract is absolute or not. In other words, unstable economic circumstances impose the need to devote special attention to review and perhaps to narrow the binding nature of a contract. Principle of good faith and fair dealing motivate a variety of theoretical bases in order to overcome the legal consequences of financial crises. In this book, all these theoretical bases are analyzed with special focus on the available remedies, namely renegotiation, rescission or revision and the circumstances which enables the revocation of these remedies. The book collects the 19 national reports and the general report originally presented in the session regarding the Effects of Financial Crises on the Binding Force of Contracts: Renegotiation, Rescission or Revision during the XIXth congress of the International Academy of Comparative Law, held in Vienna, July 2014.
Download or read book Codification in East Asia written by Wen-Yeu Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at codification from a broad, international perspective, discussing general themes as well as various legal fields. Since codification is a subject of intense current interest in East Asia, this second volume on codification is dedicated to the sub-theme of codification and legal transplant in this area, focusing on China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan. It includes two papers that discuss development of codification in East Asia and Korea in particular. It is also comprised of two reports that draw comparative lessons from Japan, India and Indonesia. In addition, this volume consists of four general reports and 19 national reports that guide readers through the knowledge of codification of commercial law, administrative law, civil law and private international law in East Asia. This book is developed from papers presented at the 2012 Thematic Conference of the International Academy of Comparative Law.
Download or read book Control of Price Related Terms in Standard Form Contracts written by Yeşim M. Atamer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores various approaches around the world regarding price term control, and particularly discusses the effectiveness of two major paths: ex ante regulatory and ex post judicial intervention. Price control and its limits are issues that affect all liberal market economies, as well as more regulated markets. For the past several years, courts in many different countries have been confronted with the issue of whether, and to what extent, they should intervene regarding price-related terms in standard form contracts – especially in the area of consumer contracts. Open price clauses, flat remunerations, price adjustment clauses, clauses giving the seller/supplier the right to ask for additional payments, bundling or partitioning practices, etc.: a variety of price related terms are used to manipulate customers’ choices, often also by exploiting their behavioral biases. The result is an unfavorable contract that is later challenged in court. However, invalidating a given price term in standard forms e.g. of a banking or utilities contract only has an inter partes effect, which means that in thousands if not millions of similar contracts, the same clauses continue to be used. Effective procedural rules are often lacking. Therefore, pricing patterns that serve to hide rather than to reveal the real cost of goods and services require special attention on the part of regulators. The aim of this book is to determine the various approaches in the world regarding price term control, and particularly to discuss the efficiency of both paths, ex ante regulatory and ex post judicial intervention. Thanks to its broad comparative analysis, this book offers a thorough overview of the methods employed in several countries. It gathers twenty-eight contributions from national rapporteurs and one supra-national rapporteur (EU) to the 2018 IACL Congress held in Fukuoka. These are supplemented by a general report presented at the same IACL Congress, which includes a comparative analysis of the national and supranational reports. The national contributors hail from around the globe, including Africa (1), Asia (5), Europe (17), the European Union (1) and the Americas (5).
