Download or read book L homme bio thique pour une d ontologie de la recherche sur le vivant written by Anne Fagot-Largeault and published by FeniXX. This book was released on 1985-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “La morale ne défend pas de faire des expériences sur son prochain, ni sur soi-même ; dans la pratique de la vie, les hommes ne font que faire des expériences les uns sur les autres”, disait Claude Bernard (1865). Essais de nouveaux médicaments, enquêtes épidémiologiques, expériences de psychologie sociale, etc. (beaucoup d’exemples sont empruntés à la psychiatrie) : l’ouvrage scrute l’évolution récente des attitudes à l’égard de la recherche et, en particulier, à l’égard de l’expérimentation scientifique sur des sujets humains. On y réfléchit sur le rapport ambigu entre activité scientifique et jugement moral. Les “comités d’éthique” ont à se prononcer sur des questions délicates : valeur scientifique des investigations, calcul du rapport risques/bénéfices, modalités du consentement demandé aux sujets... Il s’y cherche un difficile équilibre entre éthique personnaliste (“il faut respecter l’autonomie de l’individu”), éthique collective (“viser le plus grand bien du plus grand nombre”), éthique de la connaissance (“le progrès de la connaissance est un bien en soi”). Lecteurs potentiellement intéressés : ceux qui font de la recherche sur des sujets humains (médecins, pharmacologues, psychologues...), ceux qui sont exposés à devenir peut-être sujets de recherche (nous tous).
Download or read book L thique du futur et le d fi des technologies du vivant written by Kokou Sename Amegatsevi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ce travail vise à mettre en avant une éthique du futur à l'ère des technologies du vivant à partir de la biologie philosophique de Hans Jonas en passant au crible a priori les fondements des technosciences. Jonas estime que le problème n'est pas la technique elle-même qui soit en cause mais l'identité qu'elle accorde à l'homme dans cette logique instrumentale envahissante, en d'autres termes, le matérialisme réductionniste. Le problème aussi n'est pas les effets visibles inquiétants et désastreux de la technique mais l'ontologie qu'elle inspire. Outre les manifestations réelles de destruction qu'elle génère, c'est l'être qu'elle confère ou plus exactement dont elle prive l'homme qui est catastrophique. L'homme finit par se considérer comme un fond exploitable. Il s'agira donc de formuler une éthique qui a pour soubassement une biologie philosophique qui récuse une anthropologie mécaniste d'inspiration matérialiste, une ontologie du pas-encore qui fonde les sciences modernes. Réduire l'homme à des lois physico-chimiques, c'est violer notre individualité. Le métabolisme est la preuve de notre individuation. Dans la matière, gît l'esprit. Au-delà de l'anthropomorphisme qui se dégage, l'homme est le seul animal symbolisant doué d'une conscience réflexive. Une responsabilité politique s'impose pour protéger l'intégrité et l'image de l'homme à l'ère des technologies du vivant qui espèrent améliorer ou modifier l'espèce humaine. Mais cette responsabilité politique qui promeut " un marxisme désenchanté " ne tardera pas à renforcer voire devenir une rationalité instrumentale et idéologique à l'image du lyssenkisme. Une autre responsabilité s'impose : une responsabilité scientifique formulée par Charles De Koninck qui interpelle et invite les scientifiques à ne pas sacrifier l'être humain par leurs recherches sur l'autel des subventions financières, du dualisme au relent matérialiste. La science, dans son élan est invitée à tenir compte du facteur " humain ". Cette responsabilité scientifique va au-delà des règles de bonnes pratiques et déontologiques des comités et des expertises scientifiques. Elle nécessite une éducation scientifique pour une science citoyenne pour éviter une science aveugle et idéologique. Bref, à partir de ces paradigmes, nous voulons montrer que les rêves de l'amélioration, de l'augmentation des performances de l'espèce humaine sont des chimères.
Download or read book Ontologie de la vie et thique de la responsabilit selon Hans Jonas written by Éric Pommier and published by Librairie Philosophique Vrin. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English summary: Hans Jonas has attempted to show that the truth of ontology comes through overcoming subject-object dualism, and by parting with the point of view of the substance from which it comes. Meditating on the finitude of life can lead to not only thinking of the real opening of man onto being, but also his duties to the world. The ontology of life is a the condition of an anthropology that teaches man what he is, but also what he must do. French description: La tache que s'assigne Hans Jonas est double mais se resout dans une seule et meme intuition. Il s'agit, d'une part, de montrer que l'ontologie trouve sa verite a condition de surmonter le dualisme du sujet et de l'objet, et de se defaire definitivement du point de vue de la substance dont celui-ci procede. Il s'agit, d'autre part, de donner un fondement a l'ethique en echappant au risque de subjectivisme. Or c'est en meditant sur la finitude de la vie que l'on pourra, quasiment dans un meme geste, non seulement penser authentiquement l'ouverture de l'homme a l'etre mais egalement le devoir qui lui incombe a l'egard du monde. L'ontologie de la vie est la condition d'une anthropologie qui apprend a l'homme ce qu'il est mais aussi ce qu'il doit faire.
Download or read book Le moment du vivant written by Arnaud François and published by Presses Universitaires de France - PUF. This book was released on 2016 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le problème du vivant n'est plus un problème « local », il traverse et bouscule tous les domaines, depuis les fondements de l'esprit (dans le cerveau) jusqu'à la préservation de la vie (dans l'univers) en passant par le rapport de l'homme et de l'animal, le soin et le pouvoir, la littérature et l'art. Mais rien ne serait plus trom-peur que d'y voir une évidence réductrice : de la pensée aux neurones, de l'histoire à la survie, de l'éthique à la bioéthique, de la littérature à la biographie, etc. C'est comme problème, à travers une diversité d'approches nouvelles, que se constitue le moment philosophique (scientifique et historique) du vivant. Le but de ce livre est d'explorer ce domaine, c'est-à-dire non seulement d'en donner une carte, mais de le parcourir en acte, de la métaphysique à l'esthétique en passant par la biologie, l'anthropologie, l'éthique et la politique. Ce ne sont pas des études « sur » le vivant comme objet extérieur, mais des interventions enga-gées et constituant ce moment par leurs relations elles-mêmes. Pages de début Présentation Première partie - Métaphysique Un moment du vivant?? L'acte du vivant Vie lacunaire et vie approfondie Vie de douleur Deuxième partie - Biologie La différence entre santé et maladie Revenir au concept de Nature Les bases d'une éthique transphylétique Le moment écologique Troisième partie - Anthropologie L'homme, exception dans la nature?? Le sophisme de l'animalité humaine La catastrophe entre vie et justice Quatrième partie - Politique Le nazisme, ou la «?vie?» comme «?norme?» Pour une autre approche de la biopolitique Politiques du vivant, politiques de la nature Biopolitique des sentinelles Cinquième partie - Éthique Répondre du vivant Vie, médecine, responsabilité Le soin maternel à la lumière de l'ontologie de la relation La vie à tout prix?? Sixième partie - Esthétique La vie de l'image comme médiation Se sentir vivant Hommes et bêtes à vif Corps.EXT RemerciementsPages de fin.
Download or read book Conceptual Basis Formalisations and Parameterization of the Stics Crop Model written by Nadine Brisson and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2009-01-19 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The STICS crop model has been developed since 1996 at INRA in collaboration with other research and technical institutes. The model syntheses, illustrates and concretizes an important part of the French agronomic knowledge as a point of view on the field and cropping systems working. The formalisations of the STICS crop model presented in this book can be considered as references used in the framework of crop sciences. The book arrangement relies on the way the model designs the crop-soil system functioning, each chapter being devoted to a set of important functions such as growth initiation, yield onset, water uptake, transformation of organic matter etc. One chapter deals with the cropping system and long term simulations and the final chapter is about the involvement of the user in terms of option choices and parameterization. If this book is mainly intended for scientists who use the STICS model, it can also be useful for agronomists, crop modellers, students and technicians looking for elementary formalizations of the crop-soil system functioning.
Download or read book Totality and Infinity written by Emmanuel Levinas and published by . This book was released on 1980-02-29 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Epistemology and Political Philosophy in Gilbert Simondon written by Andrea Bardin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-07 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This combination of historiography and theory offers the growing Anglophone readership interested in the ideas of Gilbert Simondon a thorough and unprecedented survey of the French philosopher’s entire oeuvre. The publication, which breaks new ground in its thoroughness and breadth of analysis, systematically traces the interconnections between Simondon’s philosophy of science and technology on the one hand, and his political philosophy on the other. The author sets Simondon’s ideas in the context of the epistemology of the late 1950s and the 1960s in France, the milieu that shaped a generation of key French thinkers such as Deleuze, Foucault and Derrida. This volume explores Simondon’s sources, which were as eclectic as they were influential: from the philosophy of Bergson to the cybernetics of Wiener, from the phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty to the epistemology of Canguilhem, and from Bachelard’s philosophy of science to the positivist sociology and anthropology of luminaries such as Durkheim and Leroi-Gourhan. It also tackles aspects of Simondon’s philosophy that relate to Heidegger and Elull in their concern with the ontological relationship between technology and society and discusses key scholars of Simondon such as Barthélémy, Combes, Stiegler, and Virno, as well as the work of contemporary protagonists in the philosophical debate on the relevance of technique. The author’s intimate knowledge of Simondon’s language allows him to resolve many of th e semantic errors and misinterpretations that have plagued reactions to Simondon’s many philosophical neologisms, often drawn from his scientific studies.
Download or read book Body and Spirit in the Middle Ages written by Gaia Gubbini and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-08-10 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A crucial question throughout the Middle Ages, the relationship between body and spirit cannot be understood without an interdisciplinary approach – combining literature, philosophy and medicine. Gathering contributions by leading international scholars from these disciplines, the collected volume explores themes such as lovesickness, the five senses, the role of memory and passions, in order to shed new light on the complex nature of the medieval Self.
Download or read book Poetics of the Earth written by Augustin Berque and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-25 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poetics of the Earth is a work of environmental philosophy, based on a synthesis of eastern and western thought on natural and human history. It draws on recent biological research to show how the processes of evolution and history both function according to the same principles. Augustin Berque rejects the separation of nature and culture which he believes lies at the root of the environmental crisis. This book proposes a three stage process of "re-worlding" (moving away from the individualized self to become a part of the common world), "re-concretizing" (understanding the meaning and historical development of words and things) and "re-engaging" (reconsidering the relationship between history and subjectivity at every level of being) in order to bring western thought on nature and culture into sustainable harmony and alignment. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of environmental studies, environmental philosophy, Asian studies and the natural sciences.
Download or read book Environmental Culture written by Val Plumwood and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-09-15 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this much-needed account of what has gone wrong in our thinking about the environment, Val Plumwood digs at the roots of environmental degradation. She argues that we need to see nature as an end itself, rather than an instrument to get what we want. Using a range of examples, Plumwood presents a radically new picture of how our culture must change to accommodate nature.
Download or read book Black Skin White Masks written by Frantz Fanon and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black Skin, White Masks is a classic, devastating account of the dehumanising effects of colonisation experienced by black subjects living in a white world. First published in English in 1967, this book provides an unsurpassed study of the psychology of racism using scientific analysis and poetic grace.Franz Fanon identifies a devastating pathology at the heart of Western culture, a denial of difference, that persists to this day. A major influence on civil rights, anti-colonial, and black consciousness movements around the world, his writings speak to all who continue the struggle for political and cultural liberation.With an introduction by Paul Gilroy, author of There Ain't No Black in the Union Jack.
Download or read book Biomimicry written by Janine M. Benyus and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2009-08-11 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Repackaged with a new afterword, this "valuable and entertaining" (New York Times Book Review) book explores how scientists are adapting nature's best ideas to solve tough 21st century problems. Biomimicry is rapidly transforming life on earth. Biomimics study nature's most successful ideas over the past 3.5 million years, and adapt them for human use. The results are revolutionizing how materials are invented and how we compute, heal ourselves, repair the environment, and feed the world. Janine Benyus takes readers into the lab and in the field with maverick thinkers as they: discover miracle drugs by watching what chimps eat when they're sick; learn how to create by watching spiders weave fibers; harness energy by examining how a leaf converts sunlight into fuel in trillionths of a second; and many more examples. Composed of stories of vision and invention, personalities and pipe dreams, Biomimicry is must reading for anyone interested in the shape of our future.
Download or read book French books in print anglais written by Electre and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Modern French Thought written by Christopher John Murray and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2004 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work covers not only philosophy, but also all the other major disciplines, including literary theory, sociology, linguistics, political thought, theology, and more. The 240 analytical entries examine individuals such as Bergson, Durkheim, Mauss, Sartre, Beauvoir, Foucault, Levi-Strauss, Lacan, Kristeva, and Derrida; specific disciplines such as the arts, anthropology, historiography, psychology, and sociology; key beliefs and methodologies such as Catholicism, deconstruction, feminism, Marxism, and phenomenology; themes and concepts such as freedom, language, media, and sexuality; and istorical, political, social, and intellectual context. --From publisher's decription.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Animal Studies written by Linda Kalof and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Animal Studies tackles the infamous "animal question" how can humans rethink and reconfigure their relationships with other animals? Over the course of five sections and thirty chapters, the contributors investigate issues and concepts central to understanding our current relationship with other animals and the potential for coexistence in an ecological community of living beings.
Download or read book Nietzsche and Metaphor written by Sarah Kofman and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-overdue translation brings to the English-speaking world the work that set the tone for the Post-structuralist reading of Nietzsche.
Download or read book Candice Lin written by Lotte Arndt and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
