Download or read book Field Studies written by Holger Briel and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2005 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifteen essays in this volume reflect the diversity of German studies in Britain and Ireland today. The German language itself is the focus of four studies, covering historical aspects of German and Yiddish, language pedagogy and controversial contemporary issues, such as the rise of Anglicisms in German and the language of second- and third-generation immigrants. Traditional literary philology is also well represented in six essays on prose writers and dramatists from the nineteenth century to the present day, but it is a traditional philology that has been much modified and enriched by the cultural and historical perspectives evident in the remaining five essays. These include psychoanalytical and contextual studies and embrace the historical development and elaboration of mass media technologies from radio to public-access cable TV.

Download or read book Invisibilising Austrian German written by Anna Dorothea Havinga and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-01-22 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an insight into the standardisation process of German in eighteenth-century Austria. It describes how norms prescribed by grammarians were actually implemented via a school reform carried out by educationalist Johann Ignaz Felbiger on the order of Empress Maria Theresa. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were undertaken of certain Upper German features (e-apocope, the absence of the prefix ge- and the ending -t in past participles, and variants of the verb form sind) in reading primers, issues of the Wienerisches Diarium / Wiener Zeitung and petitionary letters. These reveal how such variants became increasingly 'invisible' in writing. This process of 'invisibilisation', i.e. a process of stigmatization which prevents the use of certain varieties and variants in writing, can be attributed to a number of factors: Empress Maria Theresa's appeal for a language reform, the normative work by eighteenth-century grammarians, the implementation of educational reforms, and the early introduction of East Central German variants in newspaper issues.

Download or read book Explorations in Integrational Linguistics written by Robin Sackmann and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008-05-21 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrational Linguistics (IL), developed by the German linguist Hans-Heinrich Lieb and others, is an approach to linguistics that integrates linguistic descriptions, construed as ‘declarative’ theories, with a detailed theory of language that covers all classical areas of linguistics, from phonology to sentence semantics, and takes linguistic variation, both synchronic and diachronic, fully into account. The aim of this book is to demonstrate how some controversial issues in language description are resolved in Integrational Linguistics. The four essays united here cover nearly all levels of language systems: phonetics and phonology (“The Case for Two-Level Phonology” by Hans-Heinrich Lieb, on German obstruent tensing and French nasal alternation), morphology (“Form and Function of Verbal Ablaut in Contemporary Standard German” by Bernd Wiese), morphology and syntax (“Inflectional Units and Their Effects” by Sebastian Drude, on the person system in Guaraní), and syntax and sentence semantics (“Topic Integration” by Andreas Nolda, on ‘split topicalization’ in German).

Download or read book Exploring Intensification written by Maria Napoli and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-09-30 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first collective volume specifically devoted to the multifaceted phenomenon of intensification, which has been traditionally regarded as related to the expression of degree, scaling a quality downwards or upwards. In spite of the large amount of studies on intensifiers, there is still a need for the characterization of intensification as a distinct functional category in the domain of modification. The eighteen papers of the volume contribute to this aim with a new approach (mainly corpus-based). They focus on intensification from different perspectives (both synchronic and diachronic) and theoretical frameworks, concern ancient languages (Hittite, Greek, Latin) and modern languages (mainly Italian, German, English, Kiswahili), and involve different levels of analysis. They also identify and examine different types of intensifiers, applied to different forms and structures, such as adverbs, adjectives, evaluative affixes, discourse markers, reduplication, exclamative clauses, coordination, prosodic elements, and shed light on issues which have not been extensively studied so far.

Download or read book Reorganising Grammatical Variation written by Antje Dammel and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2018-10-15 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With most studies on grammatical variation concentrating on the synchronic level, a systematic investigation of long-term grammatical variation within the context of language change, i.e. from a predominantly diachronic perspective, has largely remained a desideratum. The present volume fills this research gap by bringing together nine empirically rich bottom-up case studies on morphological and morphosyntactic variation phenomena in standard and dialect varieties of Indo-European languages (Germanic, Romance, Greek). While variation has often been regarded as merely a transitory epiphenomenal symptom of change, the findings of this volume show that variation is a resilient feature of human language and answer the question what makes variation time-stable. Bridging the gap between corpus-based research on language variation and more theory-driven typological and functional approaches, the volume is of special interest for all researchers concerned with interface phenomena seeking to gain a broader understanding of the mechanisms of linguistic variation and change.

Download or read book An Introduction to Middle High German written by Howard Jones and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-05-28 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Middle High German is a dedicated student edition of The Oxford Guide to Middle High German (Jones & Jones; OUP, 2019) designed for taught courses and self-study. It offers a detailed account of the language and literature of German in the period 1050-1350, including an introductory-level grammar and a wide selection of texts with extensive explanatory material. Following an initial chapter that defines Middle High German linguistically, geographically, and chronologically, the grammar and lexis chapters offer a self-contained introduction to the language. The user-friendly and accessible grammatical descriptions and explanations will allow entry-level students to gain sufficient knowledge of the language to read and understand a range of Middle High German texts. Chapter 4 comprises thirty textual passages, each placed in context and with extensive explanatory footnotes to facilitate their use in teaching and class discussion. The volume also offers two essential glossaries, the first covering linguistic terms, and the second offering definitions of the Middle High German vocabulary that appears throughout the book.

Download or read book The Oxford Guide to Middle High German written by Howard Jones and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Guide to Middle High German is the most comprehensive self-contained treatment of Middle High German available in English. It covers the language, literature, history, and culture of German in the period from 1050 to 1350 and is designed for entry-level readers, advanced study, teaching, and reference. The book includes a large sample of texts, not only from Classical works such as Erec, the Nibelungenlied, Parzival, and Tristan, but also from mystical writing, chronicles, and legal documents; the selection represents all major dialects and the full time span of the period. The volume begins with an introduction that defines Middle High German linguistically, geographically, and chronologically. Chapter 2 then provides a detailed exploration of the grammar, covering sounds and spelling, inflectional morphology, syntax, and lexis. Each section in this chapter begins with a summary of the main points, followed by detailed paragraphs for in-depth study and reference. Chapter 3 deals with versification, discussing metre, rhyme, lines of verse in context, and verse forms, and includes practical tips for scansion. Chapter 4 offers an account of the political and social structures of Medieval Germany and a survey of the principal types of texts that originated in the period. The final chapter of the book comprises over forty texts, each placed in context and provided with explanatory footnotes; the first two texts, to be taken together with the introductory grammar sections, are aimed at newcomers. A glossary provides full coverage of the vocabulary appearing in the texts and throughout the book.

Download or read book Grammatical gaps definition typology and theory written by Thomas Strobel and published by Helmut Buske Verlag. This book was released on 2023-12-11 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grammatiken sind (metaphorisch gesprochen) Anweisungen zum richtigen Gebrauch einer Sprache. Interessanterweise zeigen Grammatiken offenbar Lücken, die dadurch entstehen, dass für bestimmte Bereiche Regeln (bzw. Formen) ganz fehlen oder dass sich einzelne Regeln widersprechen und der daraus resultierende Konflikt deren Anwendung verhindert. Grammatische Lücken, auf deren Relevanz für eine 'realistische' Grammatiktheorie wohl zuerst Marga Reis hingewiesen hat, sind in den letzten Jahren schon vereinzelt in den Fokus der Forschung geraten. Das Sonderheft versammelt Arbeiten zu verschiedenen Arten von Lücken und zeigt damit, wie ertragreich und wichtig die Erforschung grammatischer Lücken sein kann. Grammars are (metaphorically speaking) instructions for the correct use of languages. One might expect that grammars are complete, i.e., that they provide an appropriate solution for each utterance context. Interestingly, however, grammars seem to show gaps, which are caused by the fact that rules (or forms) in certain domains are missing completely or that individual rules contradict each other and that the resulting conflict prevents their application. Grammatical gaps, whose relevance for a 'realistic' theory of grammar was probably first pointed out by Marga Reis, have come into the focus of research in recent years. The present special issue collects papers on different kinds of gaps and shows how fruitful and important the investigation of grammatical gaps can prove to be. Inhalt: Introduction – Ralf Vogel: Grammatical gaps, grammatical invention and grammatical theory – André Meinunger: Unexpected finite verb forms in German – cases of grammatical illusion? – Patrick Mächler, Anja Hasse: Gaps of definiteness. Marking of (in)definiteness in Swiss German, Norwegian, Faroese and Elfdalian – Elisabeth Scherr: Attraction of the void. The lack of aspect in German and its effect on language change – Oliver Schallert: Morphological gaps in verbal diminutive formation: Some observations on Alemannic – Julia Bacskai-Atkari: Syntactic paradigms, markedness and similative markers in comparative and relative clauses – Fenna Bergsma: A typology of case competition in headless relatives – Ewa Trutkowski: How sex and gender shape agreement in German relative clauses – Tabea Reiner: What counts as a gap? The case of typological hierarchies

Download or read book Scribes as Agents of Language Change written by Esther-Miriam Wagner and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-03-22 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of our evidence for language change in pre-modern times comes from the written output of scribes. The present volume deals with a variety of aspects of language change and focuses on the role of scribes. The individual articles, which treat different theoretical and empirical issues, reflect a broad cross-linguistic and cross-cultural diversity. The languages that are represented cover a broad spectrum, and the empirical data come from a wide range of sources. This book provides a wealth of new data and new perspectives on old problems, and it raises new questions about the actual mechanisms of language change.

Download or read book Process written by Sam Featherston and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009-06-02 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributions to The Fruits of Empirical Linguistics. Volume 1: Process reveal why the data-driven approach makes for a research environment which is fast-moving and democratic: technological change has made the sources of linguistic data readily accessible. These contributions show the methods both professional and student linguists are using to gather more evidence more easily than before.

Download or read book Sprachliche Zweifelsf lle written by Eleonore Schmitt and published by Georg Olms Verlag. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sprachliche Zweifelsfälle begegnen uns auf allen Sprachebenen und laden zur Sprachreflexion ein. Aus diesem Grund bieten sie die Möglichkeit des Austausches zwischen Sprachwissenschaft, Sprachdidaktik und Laienlinguistik. Dieser Sammelband widmet sich daher gleichermaßen der linguistischen und sprachdidaktischen Perspektive auf Zweifelsfälle sowie dem Umgang mit Zweifelsfällen in der breiten Öffentlichkeit. Dabei setzt er vier Schwerpunkte: Erstens liegt der Fokus auf einer adäquaten Definition des Gegenstands, zweitens erproben viele Beiträge unterschiedliche Methoden, die zur Identifikation der Zweifelsfälle genauso beitragen wie zur Aufdeckung der sprachreflektorischen und soziolinguistischen Mechanismen, die Zweifel (re-)produzieren. Die Analyse ausgewählter Zweifelsfälle beschränkt sich drittens nicht auf das Deutsche, sondern bringt exemplarisch Zweifelsfälle im Englischen und Katalanischen in die Diskussion ein. Das vierte Anliegen des Bandes ist es, Ansätze zur Implementierung des linguistischen Wissens in den laienlinguistischen Diskurs sowie in die schulische Praxis vorzuschlagen.

Download or read book Emotions Metacognition and the Intuition of Language Normativity written by David Romand and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-26 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes a comprehensive discussion of the issue of linguistic feeling, the subject’s metalinguistic capacity to intuitively apprehend the normative – lexical, syntactic, morphological, phonological... – dimensions of a definite language he or she is acquainted with. The volume’s twelve contributions aim to revisit a concept that, through a fluctuating terminology (“Sprachgefühl,” “sentiment de la langue,” “linguistic intuitions,” etc.), had developed, since the late 18th century, within a variety of cultural contexts and research traditions, and whose theoretical, epistemological, and historical ins and outs had not been systematically explored so far. Beginning with a long opening chapter, the book consists of two parts, one tracing the multifaceted approaches to linguistic feeling from Herder to Wittgenstein, and one offering a representative overview of the debates about the issue at stake in current linguistics and philosophy, while addressing the question of the place of metacognition, normativity, and affectivity in language processes.

Download or read book Word Formation written by Peter O. Müller and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-09-14 with total page 1115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook comprises an in-depth presentation of the state of the art in word-formation. The five volumes contain 207 articles written by leading international scholars. The XVI chapters of the handbook provide the reader, in both general articles and individual studies, with a wide variety of perspectives: word-formation as a linguistic discipline (history of science, theoretical concepts), units and processes in word-formation, rules and restrictions, semantics and pragmatics, foreign word-formation, language planning and purism, historical word-formation, word-formation in language acquisition and aphasia, word-formation and language use, tools in word-formation research. The final chapter comprises 74 portraits of word-formation in the individual languages of Europe and offers an innovative perspective. These portraits afford the first overview of this kind and will prove useful for future typological research. This handbook will provide an essential reference for both advanced students and researchers in word-formation and related fields within linguistics.

Download or read book Adverbs written by Karin Pittner and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adverbs as a word class are notoriously difficult to define. The volume deals with the delimitation of this category, its internal structure, the morphological make-up of adverbs and their positions in syntactic structures. A closer look at diachronic developments sheds light on the characteristics of adverbial word-formation. Taking into account adverbs in German, English, Dutch, French and Italian, the contributions to this volume provide new insights into the characteristics of this heterogeneous and multi-faceted category and will be of interest to linguists working in the fields of morphology, syntax and language change.

Download or read book Germanic Genitives written by Tanja Ackermann and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2018-04-15 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume focus on the dynamics of one specific cell in morphological paradigms – the genitive. The high amount of diachronic and synchronic variation in all Germanic languages makes the genitive a particularly interesting phenomenon since it allows us, for example, to examine comparable but slightly different diachronic pathways, the relation of synchronic and diachronic variation, and the interplay of linguistic levels (phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics). The findings in this book enhance our understanding of the genitive not only by describing its properties, but also by discussing its demarcation from functional competitors and related grammatical items. Under-researched aspects of well-described languages as well as from lesser-known languages (Faroese, Frisian, Luxembourgish, Yiddish) are examined. The papers included are methodologically diverse and the topics covered range from morphology, syntax, and semantics to the influence of (normative) grammars and the perception and prestige of grammatical items.

Download or read book Mittelhochdeutsch written by Ralf Plate and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wie bei kaum einer anderen Epoche sind in Forschung und Lehre zum Mittelhochdeutschen Überlieferungsgeschichte, Textphilologie, historische Linguistik und Literaturgeschichte aufs engste verbunden. In über 30 Aufsätzen, die Kurt Gärtner zu seinem 75. Geburtstag gewidmet sind, schreiten ältere und jüngere Kolleginnen und Kollegen das gesamte Feld seiner langjährigen Arbeit auf diesen Gebieten ab. Das thematische Spektrum der Beiträge reicht von Überlieferungsstudien (u.a. zu einer frühen Meister Eckhart-Handschrift) über Text- und Fragmenteditionen (u.a. zum 'König Rother' und zum fragmentarischen Artusroman 'Manuel und Amande' ), literaturgeschichtliche Beiträge zur mittelhochdeutschen Klassik (Hartmann von Aue, Wolfram von Eschenbach) und ihrer Rezeption, Arbeiten zur Bibelübersetzung und medizingeschichtlichen Fachliteratur bis hin zu sprachgeschichtlichen Untersuchungen zur mittelhochdeutschen Morphologie, Syntax, Lexik und Namensgeschichte. Die Aufsatzsammlung spiegelt die Interessenvielfalt des Jubilars und bietet zugleich einen umfassenden Einblick in die gegenwärtige Forschung zu einem zentralen Abschnitt der deutschen Sprach-, Literatur- und Kulturgeschichte.

Download or read book Walking on the Grammaticalization Path of the Definite Article written by Renata Szczepaniak and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the grammaticalization of the definite article in German. It contains eight empirically-based papers which examine individual stages of the grammaticalization path from its beginnings as a demonstrative to the definite article and beyond. Focusing on cognitive, pragmatic, semantic and syntactic factors, the contributions not only address the development from pragmatic to semantic definiteness, but also deal with functional and formal changes starting as soon as the linguistic unit has acquired the function of marking semantic definiteness. Based on corpora spanning the entire history of the German language, from Old High German (750-1050) to present-day German, the analyses challenge the traditional linear model of grammaticalization and provide alternative pathways. What all the contributions have in common is the idea that the main grammaticalization path is accompanied or crossed by several side roads which lead to different destinations such as preposition-article-clitics, generic usages or onymic articles.