Download or read book Kazakhstan s Emerging Economy written by Roman Vakulchuk and published by Emerging Markets Studies. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on Kazakhstan's transition path. It describes the type of market economy that has evolved in the country since 1991. The Varieties of Capitalism approach and a core - periphery analytical framework are applied to classify the model of capitalist economy in the country. The research design is based on qualitative interview study.

Download or read book Business Opportunities in Kazakhstan written by U. S. Department U.S. Department of Commerce and published by . This book was released on 2014-09-10 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Business in Kazakhstan is often focused on the oil and gas sector, which has been responsible for the country's strong economic expansion over the last decade. Kazakhstan, however, has developed into the leading market in Central Asia and is positioning itself as a transit route between China and Europe. It is also actively seeking ways to use its new mineral wealth to diversify its economy. These efforts, combined with a growing middle class, are providing trade and investment prospects for U.S. firms seeking new opportunities in one of the most dynamic of the emerging markets. Like other former Soviet Republics, Kazakhstan is still developing a transparent and effective business culture that is attractive to foreign investment. Kazakhstan's authorities realize the need to implement economic reforms. However, new laws and regulations that should improve the business environment are often incorrectly implemented at the local level. Foreign investors, as well as local firms, complain about burdensome regulations that often reflect a way of doing business that is reminiscent of the Soviet Union. Challenges remain in addressing problems related to the country's competitiveness and economic diversification, its over-reliance on the extractive sector, continued corruption, need for increased rule of law, and concentration of political power.

Download or read book Republic of Kazakhstan written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-08-05 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper analyzes whether Kazakhstan has made progress in achieving a more equal income distribution, lower poverty, and a higher level of employment. Given the overarching structural challenges for Kazakhstan, the authorities are stepping up efforts to implement various measures. In order to bolster youth employment and address labor market challenges, the authorities have been revamping a college internship program and a job placement program, which will help to make educated youth competitive in the labor market and to reduce labor market mismatches. The results suggest that Kazakhstan’s economic growth has been broadly inclusive; however, there is room for further improvement. Both income inequality and unemployment in Kazakhstan compare favorably to peers. Fiscal policy could be a useful tool to help reduce income inequality. Better targeting of transfers reduces their fiscal cost and tax levels required to finance them, thus achieving distributional objectives in a more efficient manner. An ambitious structural reform agenda is paramount to Kazakhstan becoming a dynamic emerging market economy and ensuring sustainable and inclusive growth.

Download or read book Kazakhstan s New Economy written by Jay Nathan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book asks questions not only of Kazakhstan, but also in other countries of former Soviet Central Asia; Why are some countries able to create wealth and increase their GNPs, while others struggle to survive? Why are there one hundred countries or so, that do not participate in international trade nor internationalize their domestic businesses? The answer seems to lie in the "development and growth of industries" and "how proper management can be applied to the industrial development and growth." That is, management at all levels, beginning from the nations' administrators--Presidents and Prime Ministers--down to the state or province, city or village; as well as nations' private and state enterprises. All nations, including Kazakhstan, are at the crossroads in this day of globalization. This book is also about how proper management can benefit Kazakhstan and many other developing nations. The present--especially in transitional economies--does compete with past values. Formerly colonized countries suffer from the inherited mindset that prevents them from learning from the developed countries and the free market system. This is a major challenge. The nascent industries, if managed well, can be engines of growth, and therefore can create wealth and promote quality of life for modernization. The details of the emerging industries, their performances thus far; analyses, strategies, evaluation and control of recommended management ideas to modernize, internationalize, and grow in a global era is presented in this book"--

Download or read book Central Asia and the New Global Economy written by Boris Z. Rumer and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 2000 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume analyzes the geopolitical and macroeconomic situation in Central Asia, local policy responses to crisis, and alternative scenarios for the foreseeable future. Particular attention is devoted to Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.

Download or read book Competitiveness Issues in Emerging Economies Case of Kazakhstan written by Golib Kholjigitov and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a brief analysis of the competitiveness issues of Kazakhstan. Policymakers and leadership of many emerging and transitional countries understand the importance of competitiveness. However, the story ends there and countries implement partial reforms and urgently for the immediate visible results, creating a periodic mismatch in expectations. In this brief paper the author elaborates about the great amount of work that competitiveness requires and explains for the need of holistic approach in this endeavor. This analysis could be useful for policymakers from the former soviet republics, since there are many commonalities in competitiveness issues in the region.

Download or read book On the Issues of Reforming Pension System in Emerging Economies written by Golib Kholjigitov and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sustainable development of any modern society in many respects depends on conditions such as economic opportunities and welfare system. Lower expected economic growth, coupled with large public spending and obligations are bringing significant challenges for emerging and developed countries to manage their public finances, with latter stuck in the uncertain austerity trap. Commodity and export depended nature of the national account balances in developing countries, makes managing public finances even more difficult, as the demand for those mainly comes from developed countries, which are now facing anemic growth levels. Pension reforms and economic growth issues have inverse relationship and at the same time interdependent. When economic growth is sustainable and predictable, pension reforms do not pose immediate concern. But low prospects of economic growth increase the burden on business and state to look for the coffers to fill the contribution gap. Although many countries claim their pension systems to be fair and efficient it really takes several decades to see it. This paper which was based on the research sheds some light to the process, issues and the complexity of pension reform in the relatively young and upcoming emerging economy as Kazakhstan, and could be a good case for other countries to learn and make proper conclusions.

Download or read book Globalisation and Emerging Economies Brazil Russia India Indonesia China and South Africa written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-03-19 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses key elements of the trade performance of the so-called BRIICS: Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa, in relation to the rest of the world, focusing on trade and other policies influencing that performance. It also presents a separate chapter for each country.

Download or read book Kazakhstan Ethnicity Language and Power written by Bhavna Dave and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-09-13 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kazakhstan is emerging as the most dynamic economic and political actor in Central Asia. It is the second largest country of the former Soviet Union, after the Russian Federation, and has rich natural resources, particularly oil, which is being exploited through massive US investment. Kazakhstan has an impressive record of economic growth under the leadership of President Nursultan Nazarbaev, and has ambitions to project itself as a modern, wealthy civic state, with a developed market economy. At the same time, Kazakhstan is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the region, with very substantial non-Kazakh and non-Muslim minorities. Its political regime has used elements of political clientelism and neo-traditional practices to bolster its rule. Drawing from extensive ethnographic research, interviews, and archival materials this book traces the development of national identity and statehood in Kazakhstan, focusing in particular on the attempts to build a national state. It argues that Russification and Sovietization were not simply 'top-down' processes, that they provide considerable scope for local initiatives, and that Soviet ethnically-based affirmative action policies have had a lasting impact on ethnic élite formation and the rise of a distinct brand of national consciousness.

Download or read book How More Economic Freedom Will Attract Investment to Kazakhstan and Central Asia written by James M. Roberts and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central Asia, especially Kazakhstan, rich in oil and gas, and the world's largest landlocked country, is the focus of many Fortune 500 companies seeking new business development and market penetration in emerging economies. In the 2012 edition of the Index of Economic Freedom, Kazakhstan's economy ranks as the 65th-freest in the world. Kazakhstan ranks higher than all other Central Asian countries, and its overall score is higher than the world average in general, and Russia in particular. There remains much room for improvement, which Kazakhstan can achieve if it pursues additional market-oriented reforms, the rule of law, government transparency, tougher anti-corruption laws, and counterterrorism measures.

Download or read book Scylla Microgrid Corporation written by Snorre Hepsoe and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kazakhstan, an emerging economy, has become one of the most sought to countries for renewable energy investments in the past decade. Being a part of the Eurasian Economic Union and the World Trade Organization has led to economic growth. Moreover, Kazakhstan has made it easier for foreign investors and SMEs (Small and medium enterprises) to venture into the country and profit considerably. The Kazakh Government, through the Business Roadmap 2020 Program and Strategic Development Plan 2025, among others, has simplified the tariff and taxation system, promoted better FDI incentives and lowered the barriers and restrictions (the Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Washington D.C., 2020). Despite the prosperous growth of the Kazakh economy, the real question is how Scylla Microgrid Corp. should expand into the Kazakh renewable energy market and economically benefit from applying its CSUSM-model. The competition is dense, where more than 300 new renewable energy projects were ready to be launched from 2019–2021 (the Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Washington D.C., 2020). Is it too late for Scylla to enter the Kazakh renewable energy source (RES) market? It does not appear like it. Despite being more than 300 new RES projects ready to launch, as of May 2020, only 97 RES facilities are operating in Kazakhstan (Makszimov, 2020). So how is Scylla Microgrid going to meet the capital requirements for an expansion? Through the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), and other bilateral investment sources, Scylla will be ready to enter the RES market of Kazakhstan. Moreover, the support and assistance from the Astana International Financial Center can be useful. Comprehensive research has been accumulated of the external microenvironment of Kazakhstan, a SWOT-analysis of the current solar panel sector, Kazakhstan’s foreign direct investment (FDI) system, domestic taxation system, and FDI incentives. Moreover, how to apply for financial multilateral and bilateral for Kazakhstan is explained to assist Scylla Microgrid with its expansion goal. It was found that the U.S. is in the mature stage of the Product Life Cycle of the solar power industry compared to the growth stage of the Kazakh solar power industry. Moreover, the overall renewable energy source industry of Kazakhstan is considered to be in the growth stage, which offers excellent opportunities for Scylla Microgrid Corp. Primarily, due to the U.S. mature economy with limited growth potential, Scylla Microgrid has focused mainly on the California State University - System (CSU) to expand its microgrid model. Through researching the Kazakh market, Scylla’s competitors, the solar energy and waste-to-energy market and the success of other companies in the Kazakh RES market, from the context of macro to micro environmental. By using a PESTLE-analysis, a SWOT analysis, an industry analysis, and an internal organizational analysis, it was found that most companies entering the Kazakh RES was set for success based on the following findings: • Financial support from multilateral and/or bilateral. The EBRD is one of the most generous contributors to financial support and growth for foreign companies in Kazakhstan. • The Kazakh Government has restructured its tariff and taxation system creating benefits, lower barriers for entry and promoting FDI incentives. • The newly implemented Kazak Auction mechanism system for renewable energy agreements promotes competition, where the most effective project at the lowest cost will be selected. • Often, the foreign companies operating in the Kazakh RES market has either a Kazakh entity or have partnered with an Asian firm for their expansion venture. In the United States, some of the concerns have been related to the financial aspects of the construction of solar panel microgrid facilities and the lack of enthusiasm of taking advantage for the tax benefits that come with renewable energy (Linchpin Seo, 2020). In Kazakhstan, on the contrary, where foreign investors have complained about the irregular application of regulations and laws (U.S. Department of State, 2019). Such behavior has been interpreted as an effort to extract bribes. The enforcement process is viewed as not publicly transparent, and investors have reported being harassed by the tax authorities by unannounced inspections, audits, among other methods (U.S. Department of State, 2019). Despite these hazards, Kazakhstan will continue to have opportunities for foreign and domestic investors, and especially in the RES industry, where Kazakhstan has ambiguous goals to reach 50 percent of its energy mix to be from renewable sources by 2050. The Government of Kazakhstan has shown great enthusiasm for foreign investment alongside the overall economic prosperity of the Kazakh economy after becoming independent from Russia. By redirecting its focus to the 100 concrete steps at becoming among the top 30 developed countries in the world by 2050, Kazakhstan is willingly accepting and needing the foreign direct investment directed to the Kazakh economy. Hence, the future growth of Kazakhstan lies in the developed countries across the globe.

Download or read book Kazakhstan Accelerating Economic Diversification written by Kym Anderson and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kazakhstan has the potential to become an economic leader in Central Asia. Relying on oil and gas alone, however, will not produce the long-run level of growth needed to meet this potential. Reforms geared to improve the business climate, enhance competitiveness, and increase private sector participation are essential. This book examines reforms to accelerate economic diversification in the country. This involves not only modernizing and using public resources in agriculture more efficiently to increase productivity, but also transitioning of manufacturing toward high-potential exports to help the country’s industrial development and create employment opportunities. Upgrading innovation of oilfield services and improving transport and logistics are important to increase participation in the global value chains.

Download or read book Embracing Global Computing in Emerging Economies written by Ross Horne and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First Workshop on Embracing Global Computing in Emerging Economies, EGC 2015, held in Almaty, Kazakhstan, in February 2015. The 13 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 28 submissions. The papers focus on the topic in two ways: one part is directly relevant to the problems of delivering cloud services in an emerging economy such as Kazakhstan, the other part represents ICT innovation by scientists of the region.

Download or read book VAT Vs Sales Tax for an Emerging Economy Considerations on Kazakhstan s Indirect Tax Reform Proposal written by A. Dauletkulova and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines why VAT is optimal for an emerging economy like Kazakhstan, considering different factors from its resource-rich economy and cross-border trade within the Eurasian Economic Union to particular profound vulnerabilities in effective tax administration and enforcement.

Download or read book Kazakhstan written by Martha Brill Olcott and published by Carnegie Endowment. This book was released on 2010-09 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the outset of independence 18 years ago, Kazakhstan's leaders promised that the country's rich natural resources, with oil and gas reserves among the largest in the world, would soon bring economic prosperity. It appeared that democracy was beginning to take hold in this newly independent state. Nearly two decades later, Kazakhstan has achieved the World Bank's ranking of a "middle economic country," but its economy is straining from the global economic crisis. The country's political system still needs fundamental reform before Kazakhstan can be considered a democracy. Kazakhstan: Unfulfilled Promise examines the development of this ethnically diverse and strategically vital nation, which seeks to play an influential role on the international stage. Praise for the previous edition of Kazakhstan: "This detailed but accessible work will be the definitive work on the newly independent state of Kazakhstan."— Choice "[Olcott]... knows more about Kazakhstan than anyone else in the West."— New York Review of Books "Not only shares the lucid insights and depth of a seasoned observer, it greatly enriches the literature on post-Soviet transitions." —Foreign Affairs

Download or read book Russia s Relations with Kazakhstan written by Yelena Nikolayevna Zabortseva and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent political developments in post-Soviet countries have raised novel issues regarding the stability of the post-Cold War world order. A new direction in policy has been exemplified by the recent bolstering of a number of post-Soviet political and economic institutions - such as CSTO, SCO and the Eurasian Economic Union - in which the role of Kazakhstan is considerable. In addition to its unique geopolitical location, Kazakhstan’s importance in regional integration structures and international relations more broadly is reinforced by its rich oil and uranium deposits. This book centres on an exploration of the changing relations between Russia and Kazakhstan and their impact on post-Soviet interactions with the rest of the world. The role of specific factors in the formation of the post-Soviet regional system will be explored in historical perspective. The multifaceted relations between Kazakhstan and Russia from 1991 to the contemporary period will be analysed in terms of relations in several spheres: political, military and security, Kazakhstan’s nuclear withdrawal, ethnicity and national identity, economic, foreign policies, regionalism and international trends and the impact of historic trends. An important analysis of Kazakhstan, the second largest country in the post-Soviet world, this book is of interest to researchers of International Relations, Post-Soviet Studies and Central Asia Studies.

Download or read book Inflation in Emerging and Developing Economies written by Jongrim Ha and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-02-24 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive study in the context of EMDEs that covers, in one consistent framework, the evolution and global and domestic drivers of inflation, the role of expectations, exchange rate pass-through and policy implications. In addition, the report analyzes inflation and monetary policy related challenges in LICs. The report documents three major findings: In First, EMDE disinflation over the past four decades was to a significant degree a result of favorable external developments, pointing to the risk of rising EMDE inflation if global inflation were to increase. In particular, the decline in EMDE inflation has been supported by broad-based global disinflation amid rapid international trade and financial integration and the disruption caused by the global financial crisis. While domestic factors continue to be the main drivers of short-term movements in EMDE inflation, the role of global factors has risen by one-half between the 1970s and the 2000s. On average, global shocks, especially oil price swings and global demand shocks have accounted for more than one-quarter of domestic inflation variatio--and more in countries with stronger global linkages and greater reliance on commodity imports. In LICs, global food and energy price shocks accounted for another 12 percent of core inflation variatio--half more than in advanced economies and one-fifth more than in non-LIC EMDEs. Second, inflation expectations continue to be less well-anchored in EMDEs than in advanced economies, although a move to inflation targeting and better fiscal frameworks has helped strengthen monetary policy credibility. Lower monetary policy credibility and exchange rate flexibility have also been associated with higher pass-through of exchange rate shocks into domestic inflation in the event of global shocks, which have accounted for half of EMDE exchange rate variation. Third, in part because of poorly anchored inflation expectations, the transmission of global commodity price shocks to domestic LIC inflation (combined with unintended consequences of other government policies) can have material implications for poverty: the global food price spikes in 2010-11 tipped roughly 8 million people into poverty.