Download or read book Kalametiya Lunama Kalapuwa s written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Biodiversity Status Profile of Lunama Kalametiya Wetland Sanctuary written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book IUCN Directory of South Asian Protected Areas written by and published by IUCN. This book was released on 1990 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For each park or preserve, includes information of biogeographical province, physical features, local population, disturbances,vegetation, and fauna.
Download or read book Lagoons of Sri Lanka written by Silva, E. I. L. and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sri Lanka, an island in the Indian Ocean, has lagoons along 1,338 km of its coastline. They experience low-energy oceanic waves and semidiurnal microtidal currents. The Sri Lankan coastal lagoons are not numerous but they are diverse in size, shape, configuration, ecohydrology, and ecosystem values and services. The heterogeneous nature, in general, and specific complexities, to a certain extent, exhibited by coastal lagoons in Sri Lanka are fundamentally determined by coastal and adjoining hinterland geomorphology, tidal fluxes and fluvial inputs, monsoonal-driven climate and weather, morphoedaphic attributes, and cohesive interactions with human interventions.Most coastal lagoons in Sri Lanka are an outcome of mid-Holocene marine transgression and subsequent barrier formation and spit development enclosing the water body between the land and the sea. This process has varied from one coastal stretch to another due to wave-derived littoral drift, sediment transport by tidal fluxes, fluvial inputs and wave action or, in other words, sea-level history, shore-face dynamics and tidal range as the three major factors that control the origin and maintenance of the sandy barrier, the most important features for the formation and evolution of coastal lagoons with their landward water mass. In certain stretches of Sri Lanka’s coastline, formation of the barrier spit was very active due to shore-face dynamics that resulted in chains of shore parallel, elongated lagoons. They are among the most productive in terms of ecosystem yield and show some similarities to large tropical lagoons with respect to sea entrance, zonation, biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, some of them become seasonally hypersaline due to lack of freshwater input and high evaporation. Functions and processes of some of these water bodies are fairly known. There are a fair number of small back-barrier lagoons of different shapes and sizes whose origin goes back to sea-level history. They are located on low-energy coasts with prominent beach ridges and restricted hinterland geomorphology. Mixing processes of these landward indentations are hindered by elevated sand dunes, and their salinity increases due to poor freshwater input and high evaporation leading to seasonally hypersaline conditions. These sedimented lagoons, primarily confined to the southeastern coast of the island, are biologically the least productive, with limited ecosystem values and services. Another group of moderately elongated semicircular, slightly large lagoons in the same coast, formed exclusively by submergence due to mid-Holocene sea-level rises, do not receive sufficient freshwater input leading to seasonally hypersaline conditions. They are also biologically unproductive but some are ecologically important since they provide habitats conducive to migratory birds. In contrast, some lagoons on the southern coast receive sufficient freshwater via streams draining the wet zone, maintain more estuarine salinities, exhibit rich biodiversity and serve as functional resource units. Lagoons formed by mid-Holocene submergence and recession of water level with simultaneous chain barrier formation on the high energy southwest coast, which includes cliffs, small bays and headlands, show peculiar configurations and link channel characteristics. Some of these irregular water bodies have clusters of small isles and luxuriant mangrove swamps with high biodiversity but not very rich in catadromous finfish and shellfish species due to the restricted nature of the entrance channel and nondistinct salinity gradients. The barrier-built, seasonally hypersaline lagoon complex in the Jaffna Peninsula, the largest lagoon system in the country with multiple perennial entrances show extremely narrow salinity ranges towards the upper limit of salinity. The main lagoon is elongated and the shore parallel to eastward and southward extensions is connected by narrow channels. The other lagoon in the Jaffna Peninsula is elongated, shore parallel and ribbon-shaped and receives tidal water throughout the year but freshwater is received only from precipitation and surface runoff. Even though the lagoons in the peninsula are extremely rich in ecosystem heterogeneity their hydrology and hydrodynamics have been severely disturbed by infrastructural development for transportation and by attempts to create a freshwater river for Jaffna. There are a few virgin lagoons of moderate size also on the northern coast, south of the Jaffna Peninsula on both the east and west sides. They look very typical tropical lagoons rich in biodiversity and biological production but their structure, functions and values are virtually unknown in scientific or socioeconomic terms. The lagoons located on the east coast are not numerous but relatively large in extent. They are also an outcome not only of mid-Holocene sea-level rises but of submerged multi-delta valleys or abandoned paleo estuaries. When inundated, the multi-delta valley configuration became elongated and is shore parallel with a smooth seaward shoreline; both shorelines become irregular when coastal waves are weak, and internal waves are created by the action of local winds. Configuration of a lagoon formed by inundation of an abandoned river valley is irregular with a long entrance channel extended landward. These lagoons are highly productive with a variety of associated ecosystems, large open water areas and wide perennial sea entrances. When the lagoon is too much elongated, zonation is prominent due to fewer entrance effects. Lagoons form a particular type of natural capital which generates use values (fish, shrimp, fuelwood, salt, fodder, ecotourism, anchorage, recreation, etc.) and nonuse values (habitat preservation, biodiversity, ecosystem linkages, etc.) contributing positively towards improving the human well-being. Of many values of lagoons in Sri Lanka, only the extractive values are generally utilized at present, by way of fish and shrimp catches, salt production and use of mangrove for various purposes. Besides, coastal lagoons generate a range of nonextractive use values and nonuse values, which could add towards the total economic value. Misuse has taken place at several instances when “use” adversely affects the status of the resources or the health of the ecosystem due to vulnerability and poverty, population pressure, urbanization, development activities and multi-stakeholder issues. The status of lagoon resources shows that the resources in the majority of Sri Lankan lagoons still remain satisfactory, somewhat good or very good. Nevertheless, concerns for management of lagoons in Sri Lanka exist only where “use values” (extractive values, such as fish and shrimp) exist. There is no evidence of resources management in lagoons for inspirational, scholarly values or tacit knowledge of the same. Management for use values exhibits several stages from zero management to comanagement via community management and state intervention. Most of Sri Lanka’s lagoons have the potential for generating high extractive and nonextractive use values which could improve the human well-being, while maintaining resources sustainability. Unfortunately, these potentials have not been understood or “seen” yet by the relevant authorities, although a few instances of exploring this potential were noticed.
Download or read book Marine Protected Area Needs in the South Asian Seas Region Sri Lanka written by John Pernetta and published by IUCN. This book was released on 1993 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book World Water Assessment Programme Sri Lanka Case Study written by K. A. U. S. Imbulana and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2002-04-07 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Case Study Workshop was organized with the objective of obtaining the necessary input the experts on different subject areas of water resources, subject those views and discussion among the stakeholder agencies, and synthesize the information to a report on the case study. The outcome of the Workshop would eventually transform into the contribution of Sri Lanka to the forst WWDR
Download or read book A Directory of Asian Wetlands written by World Wide Fund for Nature and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Damaged Ecosystems And Restoration written by B C Rana and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-05-06 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our environment has been greatly damaged due to pollution and over exploitation of natural resources by human beings. All the natural ecosystems have been damaged to a great extent. Restoration of these damages is becoming a priority and of environmental interest. Science and technology of restoration ecology is rapidly evolving. Restoration requires a holistic approach. Restoration technology is now available to redirect the damaged ecosystems to their near natural integrity. In this context, this book is the first of its kind in reviewing the different approaches undertaken to restore various damaged ecosystems. Scientists currently working in this field have contributed their work in the form of reviews, site-specific case studies, technology for bioremediation and biodegradation. The book will provide first hand information in this currently expanding field and will be helpful to biologists, environmental scientists, engineers, wastewater treatment experts, microbiologists and all those interested in the conservation and management of the environment.
Download or read book Transactions written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Biodiversity written by World Conservation Monitoring Centre and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Biodiversity is the most comprehensive compendium of conservation information ever published. It provides the first systematic report on the status, distribution, management, and utilisation of the planet's biological wealth.
Download or read book Wetland Conservation in Sri Lanka written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed articles.
Download or read book A Guide to Bird Watching in Sri Lanka written by Ḍaglas Bī Raṇasiṃha and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aquatic Protected Areas What Works Best and How Do We Know written by J. P. Beumer and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings of the inaugural World Congress on Aquatic Protected Areas are structured around the following 5 themes: Who and what are the beneficiaries of aquatic protected areas?; the design and selection of aquatic protected areas; success factors in the implementation and management of aquatic protected areas; measuring performance of aquatic protected areas; and, the role of aquatic protected areas in the aquatic ecosystem.
Download or read book Man in the Mangroves written by Peter Kunstadter and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fifty Years of Sri Lanka s Independence written by A. D. V. de S. Indraratna and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Wetland Directory of Sri Lanka written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diaries in Ceylon 1908 1911 written by Leonard Woolf and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
