Download or read book Fragments of a Journal written by Eugène Ionesco and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fragments of First Order Logic written by Ian Pratt-Hartmann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-03-30 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sentence of first-order logic is satisfiable if it is true in some structure, and finitely satisfiable if it is true in some finite structure. The question arises as to whether there exists an algorithm for determining whether a given formula of first-order logic is satisfiable, or indeed finitely satisfiable. This question was answered negatively in 1936 by Church and Turing (for satisfiability) and in 1950 by Trakhtenbrot (for finite satisfiability).In contrast, the satisfiability and finite satisfiability problems are algorithmically solvable for restricted subsets—-or, as we say, fragments—-of first-order logic, a fact which is today of considerable interest in Computer Science. This book provides an up-to-date survey of the principal axes of research, charting the limits of decision in first-order logic and exploring the trade-off between expressive power and complexity of reasoning. Divided into three parts, the book considers for which fragments of first-order logic there is an effective method for determining satisfiability or finite satisfiability. Furthermore, if these problems are decidable for some fragment, what is their computational complexity? Part I focusses on fragments defined by restricting the set of available formulas. Topics covered include the Aristotelian syllogistic and its relatives, the two-variable fragment, the guarded fragment, the quantifier-prefix fragments and the fluted fragment. Part II investigates logics with counting quantifiers. Starting with De Morgan's numerical generalization of the Aristotelian syllogistic, we proceed to the two-variable fragment with counting quantifiers and its guarded subfragment, explaining the applications of the latter to the problem of query answering in structured data. Part III concerns logics characterized by semantic constraints, limiting the available interpretations of certain predicates. Taking propositional modal logic and graded modal logic as our cue, we return to the satisfiability problem for two-variable first-order logic and its relatives, but this time with certain distinguished binary predicates constrained to be interpreted as equivalence relations or transitive relations. The work finishes, slightly breaching the bounds of first-order logic proper, with a chapter on logics interpreted over trees.
Download or read book American Fragments written by Daniel Diez Couch and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2022-04-15 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between the independence of the colonies and the start of the Jacksonian age, American readers consumed an enormous number of literary texts called "fragments."American Fragments argues that this archive of deliberately unfinished writing reimagined the place of marginalized individuals in a country that was itself still unfinished.
Download or read book Fragment based Drug Discovery written by Daniel A. Erlanson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-23 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From its origins as a niche technique more than 15 years ago, fragment-based approaches have become a major tool for drug and ligand discovery, often yielding results where other methods have failed. Written by the pioneers in the field, this book provides a comprehensive overview of current methods and applications of fragment-based discovery, as well as an outlook on where the field is headed. The first part discusses basic considerations of when to use fragment-based methods, how to select targets, and how to build libraries in the chemical fragment space. The second part describes established, novel and emerging methods for fragment screening, including empirical as well as computational approaches. Special cases of fragment-based screening, e. g. for complex target systems and for covalent inhibitors are also discussed. The third part presents several case studies from recent and on-going drug discovery projects for a variety of target classes, from kinases and phosphatases to targeting protein-protein interaction and epigenetic targets.
Download or read book Fragment Based Drug Discovery written by Edward R. Zartler and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-11-20 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) is a new paradigm in drug discovery that utilizes very small molecules - fragments of larger molecules. It is a faster, cheaper, smarter way to do drug discovery, as shown by the number of pharmaceutical companies that have embraced this approach and the biotechnology companies who use fragments as their sole source of drug discovery. Fragment-Based Drug Discovery: A Practical Approach is a guide to the techniques and practice of using fragments in drug screening. The emphasis is on practical guidance, with procedures, case studies, practical tips, and contributions from industry. Topics covered include: an introduction to fragment based drug discovery, why using fragments is a more efficient process than predominant models, and what it means to have a successful FBDD effort. setting up an FBDD project library building and production NMR in fragment screening and follow up application of protein-ligand NOE matching to the rapid evaluation of fragment binding poses target immobilized NMR screening: validation and extension to membrane proteins in situ fragment-based medicinal chemistry: screening by mass spectrometry computational approaches to fragment and substructure discovery and evaluation virtual fragment scanning: current trends, applications and web based tools fragment-based lead discovery using covalent capture methods case study from industry: the identification of high affinity beta-secretase inhibitors using fragment-based lead generation With contributions from industry experts who have successfully set up an industrial fragment-based research program, Fragment-Based Drug Discovery: A Practical Approach offers essential advice to anyone embarking on drug discovery using fragments and those looking for a new approach to screening for drugs.
Download or read book Fragments written by Binjamin Wilkomirski and published by Schocken. This book was released on 1996 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Memoir of a small boy who was separated from his family at the age of three or four-years-old after his father was killed during a round-up of Jews in Latvia, and was sent to the Majdanek death camp where he was discovered by Allied soldiers in 1945.
Download or read book Fragments of Truth written by Naomi Angel and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-15 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2008, the Canadian government established a Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) to review the history of the residential school system, a brutal colonial project that killed and injured many Indigenous children and left a legacy of trauma and pain. In Fragments of Truth Naomi Angel analyzes the visual culture of reconciliation and memory in relation to this complex and painful history. In her analyses of archival photographs from the residential school system, representations of the schools in popular media and literature, and testimonies from TRC proceedings, Angel traces how the TRC served as a mechanism through which memory, trauma, and visuality became apparent. She shows how many Indigenous communities were able to use the TRC process as a way to claim agency over their memories of the schools. Bringing to light the ongoing costs of transforming settler states into modern nations, Angel demonstrates how the TRC offers a unique optic through which to survey the long history of colonial oppression of Canada’s Indigenous populations.
Download or read book The Pennsylvania School Journal written by Thomas Henry Burrowes and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 1146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology written by and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fragments of Union written by S. Manning and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-12-17 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fragments of Union , a new approach to comparative literary studies, is about forms of connections: between nations, literatures, individuals, words. It asks how, and why, connections get severed, and about the nature of the pieces that remain. Interdisciplinary readings of writings by Scots and Americans re-draw the literary map of both countries during the Enlightenment and Romantic periods. Political, philosophical, cultural and grammatical dimensions give its analysis sharp relevance to the new conditions presented by devolved government in Britain.
Download or read book Journal and Fragments written by E. de Guerin and published by . This book was released on 1866 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fragment of the Original Journal of the Massachusetts House of Deputies for the May Session and a Part of the October Session of 1649 written by Massachusetts. General Court. House of Representatives and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Studies and Fragments written by Sandford Arthur Strong and published by . This book was released on 1905 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Drug Binding written by György Keserü and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-09 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical reference for medicinal and pharmaceutical chemists combines the theoretical background with modern methods as well as applications from recent lead finding and optimization projects. Divided into two parts on the thermodynamics and kinetics of drug-receptor interaction, the text provides the conceptual and methodological basis for characterizing binding mechanisms for drugs and other bioactive molecules. It covers all currently used methods, from experimental approaches, such as ITC or SPR, right up to the latest computational methods. Case studies of real-life lead or drug development projects are also included so readers can apply the methods learned to their own projects. Finally, the benefits of a thorough binding mode analysis for any drug development project are summarized in an outlook chapter written by the editors.
Download or read book Philosophical Fragments or a Fragment of Philosophy written by Søren Kierkegaard and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2007 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography written by and published by . This book was released on 1881 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New York Medical Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1883 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
