Download or read book Jet Substructure Without Trees written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present an alternative approach to identifying and characterizing jet substructure. An angular correlation function is introduced that can be used to extract angular and mass scales within a jet without reference to a clustering algorithm. This procedure gives rise to a number of useful jet observables. As an application, we construct a top quark tagging algorithm that is competitive with existing methods. In preparation for the LHC, the past several years have seen extensive work on various aspects of collider searches. With the excellent resolution of the ATLAS and CMS detectors as a catalyst, one area that has undergone significant development is jet substructure physics. The use of jet substructure techniques, which probe the fine-grained details of how energy is distributed in jets, has two broad goals. First, measuring more than just the bulk properties of jets allows for additional probes of QCD. For example, jet substructure measurements can be compared against precision perturbative QCD calculations or used to tune Monte Carlo event generators. Second, jet substructure allows for additional handles in event discrimination. These handles could play an important role at the LHC in discriminating between signal and background events in a wide variety of particle searches. For example, Monte Carlo studies indicate that jet substructure techniques allow for efficient reconstruction of boosted heavy objects such as the W{sup {+-}} and Z° gauge bosons, the top quark, and the Higgs boson.
Download or read book Advances in Jet Substructure at the LHC written by Roman Kogler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the reader to the field of jet substructure, starting from the basic considerations for capturing decays of boosted particles in individual jets, to explaining state-of-the-art techniques. Jet substructure methods have become ubiquitous in data analyses at the LHC, with diverse applications stemming from the abundance of jets in proton-proton collisions, the presence of pileup and multiple interactions, and the need to reconstruct and identify decays of highly-Lorentz boosted particles. The last decade has seen a vast increase in our knowledge of all aspects of the field, with a proliferation of new jet substructure algorithms, calculations and measurements which are presented in this book. Recent developments and algorithms are described and put into the larger experimental context. Their usefulness and application are shown in many demonstrative examples and the phenomenological and experimental effects influencing their performance are discussed. A comprehensive overview is given of measurements and searches for new phenomena performed by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations. This book shows the impressive versatility of jet substructure methods at the LHC.
Download or read book Looking Inside Jets written by Simone Marzani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-11 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise primer reviews the latest developments in the field of jets. Jets are collinear sprays of hadrons produced in very high-energy collisions, e.g. at the LHC or at a future hadron collider. They are essential to and ubiquitous in experimental analyses, making their study crucial. At present LHC energies and beyond, massive particles around the electroweak scale are frequently produced with transverse momenta that are much larger than their mass, i.e., boosted. The decay products of such boosted massive objects tend to occupy only a relatively small and confined area of the detector and are observed as a single jet. Jets hence arise from many different sources and it is important to be able to distinguish the rare events with boosted resonances from the large backgrounds originating from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). This requires familiarity with the internal properties of jets, such as their different radiation patterns, a field broadly known as jet substructure. This set of notes begins by providing a phenomenological motivation, explaining why the study of jets and their substructure is of particular importance for the current and future program of the LHC, followed by a brief but insightful introduction to QCD and to hadron-collider phenomenology. The next section introduces jets as complex objects constructed from a sequential recombination algorithm. In this context some experimental aspects are also reviewed. Since jet substructure calculations are multi-scale problems that call for all-order treatments (resummations), the bases of such calculations are discussed for simple jet quantities. With these QCD and jet physics ingredients in hand, readers can then dig into jet substructure itself. Accordingly, these notes first highlight the main concepts behind substructure techniques and introduce a list of the main jet substructure tools that have been used over the past decade. Analytic calculations are then provided for several families of tools, the goal being to identify their key characteristics. In closing, the book provides an overview of LHC searches and measurements where jet substructure techniques are used, reviews the main take-home messages, and outlines future perspectives.
Download or read book Jet Substructure for the LHC written by Martin David Jankowiak and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery of new physics at the LHC hinges on our ability to discriminate the old (the Standard Model) from the new. The study of the substructure of jets offers a powerful set of techniques for improving the reach of new physics searches at the LHC. Moreover, jet substructure observables are a sensitive probe of QCD dynamics and motivate a variety of tests of QCD. This thesis explores several jet substructure techniques with a particular focus on applications to event discrimination. First, a jet observable is introduced that probes the color structure of pairs of subjets. This observable is incorporated into a top tagging algorithm, where it is shown to improve discrimination between top jets and QCD jets. Second, an alternative approach to jet substructure is introduced that is distinct from the prevailing methods based on the clustering trees induced by sequential jet algorithms. This approach makes use of two-particle angular correlations to identify substructure within jets. In one application, this approach is used to construct a top tagging algorithm that is competitive with existing methods. In another application, ensemble averages of angular correlations are used to study the underlying event and pile-up effects.
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence For High Energy Physics written by Paolo Calafiura and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-01-05 with total page 829 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Higgs boson discovery at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012 relied on boosted decision trees. Since then, high energy physics (HEP) has applied modern machine learning (ML) techniques to all stages of the data analysis pipeline, from raw data processing to statistical analysis. The unique requirements of HEP data analysis, the availability of high-quality simulators, the complexity of the data structures (which rarely are image-like), the control of uncertainties expected from scientific measurements, and the exabyte-scale datasets require the development of HEP-specific ML techniques. While these developments proceed at full speed along many paths, the nineteen reviews in this book offer a self-contained, pedagogical introduction to ML models' real-life applications in HEP, written by some of the foremost experts in their area.
Download or read book Jet Substructure in ATLAS written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Issues in General Physics Research 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 1176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in General Physics Research / 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Quantum Physics. The editors have built Issues in General Physics Research: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Quantum Physics in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in General Physics Research: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Technical Report Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology written by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Jet Multiplicity Physics at the LHC written by Mireia Crispín Ortuzar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-25 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes research in two different areas of state-of-the-art hadron collider physics, both of which are of central importance in the field of particle physics. The first part of the book focuses on the search for supersymmetric particles called gluinos. The book subsequently presents a set of precision measurements of “multi-jet” collision events, which involve large numbers of newly created particles, and are among the dominant processes at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Now that a Higgs boson has been discovered at the LHC, the existence (or non-existence) of supersymmetric particles is of the utmost interest and significance, both theoretically and experimentally. In addition, multi-jet collision events are an important background process for a wide range of analyses, including searches for supersymmetry.
Download or read book Physics for Particle Detectors and Particle Detectors for Physics written by Philipp Windischhofer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-02 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental particle physics is a science of many scales. A large number of physical processes spanning energies from meV to TeV must be understood for modern collider experiments to be designed, built, and conducted successfully. This thesis contributes to the understanding of phenomena across this entire dynamic range. The first half of this document studies aspects of low-energy physics that govern the operation of particle detectors, limit their performance, and guide the development of novel instrumentation. To formalise these aspects, classical electrodynamics is used to derive a general description of the formation of electrical signals in detectors, and ideas from quantum mechanics are applied to the study of charge avalanche amplification in semiconductors. These results lead to a comprehensive analytical characterisation of the time resolution and the efficiency of single-photon avalanche diodes, and isolate the most important design variables. They also reveal the applicability of these devices in precision timing detectors for charged particles, which is experimentally verified in a high-energy hadron beam. Large detector systems at hadron colliders probe fundamental physics at the energy frontier. In the second half, data collected with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider are used to measure the cross-section for the production of a Higgs boson together with an electroweak boson as a function of the kinematic scale of the process. This measurement provides the finest granularity available to date for this process. It is highly informative of the structure of interactions beyond the direct kinematic reach of the experiment, and new limits are set on the couplings of such interactions within an effective field theory.
Download or read book Electroweak Physics at the LHC written by Matthias U. Mozer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-24 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book discusses the recent experimental results obtained at the LHC that involve electroweak bosons. The results are placed into an appropriate theoretical and historical context. The work pays special attention to the rising subject of hadronically decaying bosons with high boosts, documenting the state-of-the-art identification techniques and highlighting typical results. The text is not limited to electroweak physics in the strict sense, but also discusses the use of electroweak vector-bosons as tool in the study of other subjects in particle physics, such as determinations of the proton structure or the search for new exotic particles. The book is particularly well suited for graduate students, starting their thesis work on topics that involve electroweak bosons, as the book provides a comprehensive description of phenomena observable at current accelerators as well as a summary of the most relevant experimental techniques.
Download or read book Introduction to Soft Collinear Effective Theory written by Thomas Becher and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-04 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among resummation techniques for perturbative QCD in the context of collider and flavor physics, soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) has emerged as both a powerful and versatile tool, having been applied to a large variety of processes, from B-meson decays to jet production at the LHC. This book provides a concise, pedagogical introduction to this technique. It discusses the expansion of Feynman diagrams around the high-energy limit, followed by the explicit construction of the effective Lagrangian - first for a scalar theory, then for QCD. The underlying concepts are illustrated with the quark vector form factor at large momentum transfer, and the formalism is applied to compute soft-gluon resummation and to perform transverse-momentum resummation for the Drell-Yan process utilizing renormalization group evolution in SCET. Finally, the infrared structure of n-point gauge-theory amplitudes is analyzed by relating them to effective-theory operators. This text is suitable for graduate students and non-specialist researchers alike as it requires only basic knowledge of perturbative QCD.
Download or read book First Measurement of the Running of the Top Quark Mass written by Matteo M. Defranchis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, the first measurement of the running of the top quark mass is presented. This is a fundamental quantum effect that had never been studied before. Any deviation from the expected behaviour can be interpreted as a hint of the presence of physics beyond the Standard Model. All relevant aspects of the analysis are extensively described and documented. This thesis also describes a simultaneous measurement of the inclusive top quark-antiquark production cross section and the top quark mass in the simulation. The measured cross section is also used to precisely determine the values of the top quark mass and the strong coupling constant by comparing to state-of-the-art theoretical predictions. All the theoretical and experimental aspects relevant to the results presented in this thesis are discussed in the initial chapters in a concise but complete way, which makes the material accessible to a wider audience.
Download or read book Engineering and Contracting written by and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transportation written by and published by . This book was released on 1936 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Highways and Agricultural Engineering Current Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1936 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Engineering Contracting written by and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
