Download or read book Ion Irradiation Induced Damage in Nuclear Materials written by Diana Bachiller Perea and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-26 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates the behavior of two candidate materials (a-SiO2 and MgO) for applications in fusion (e.g., the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor ITER) and Generation IV fission reactors. Both parts of the thesis – the development of the ionoluminescence technique and the study of the ion-irradiation effects on both materials – are highly relevant for the fields of the ion-beam analysis techniques and irradiation damage in materials. The research presented determines the microstructural changes at different length scales in these materials under ion irradiation. In particular, it studies the effect of the irradiation temperature using several advanced characterization techniques. It also provides much-needed insights into the use of these materials at elevated temperatures. Further, it discusses the development of the ion-beam-induced luminescence technique in different research facilities around the globe, a powerful in situ spectroscopic characterization method that until now was little known. Thanks to its relevance, rigorosity and quality, this thesis has received twoprestigious awards in Spain and France.

Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by N. H. Packan and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1990 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Effects of Radiation on Materials: Fourteenth International Symposium was presented at Andover, MA, June 1988. The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee E-10 on Nuclear Technology and Applications. The papers from the first three days of the symposium appear in the two volumes of this publication. Volume I encompasses radiation damage- induced microstructures; point defect, solute, and gas atom effects; atomic-level measurement techniques; and applications of theory. Volume II includes mechanical behavior, all papers dealing with pressure-vessel steels, breeder reactor components, dosimetry, and nuclear fuels. The fourth day of the symposium was devoted to the single topic of reduced-activation materials (see TK9204). The two volumes are separately sold at $127 and $128 respectively; each is independently indexed. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Download or read book Radiation induced Changes in Microstructure written by F. A. Garner and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1987 with total page 919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Radiation Damage in Materials written by Yongqiang Wang and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-28 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complexity of radiation damage effects in materials that are used in various irradiation environments stems from the fundamental particle–solid interactions and the subsequent damage recovery dynamics after the collision cascades, which involves multiple length and time scales. Adding to this complexity are the transmuted impurities that are unavoidable from accompanying nuclear processes. Helium is one such impurity that plays an important and unique role in controlling the microstructure and properties of materials used in fast fission reactors, plasma-facing and structural materials in fusion devices, spallation neutron target designs, actinides, tritium-containing materials, and nuclear waste. Their ultra-low solubility in virtually all solids forces He atoms to self-precipitate into small bubbles that become nucleation sites for further void growth under radiation-induced vacancy supersaturations, resulting in material swelling and high-temperature He embrittlement, as well as surface blistering under low-energy and high-flux He bombardment. This Special Issue, “Radiation Damage in Materials—Helium Effects”, contains review articles and full-length papers on new irradiation material research activities and novel material ideas using experimental and/or modeling approaches. These studies elucidate the interactions of helium with various extreme environments and tailored nanostructures, as well as their impact on microstructural evolution and material properties.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Radiation Materials Science written by GARY S. WAS and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised second edition of this established text offers readers a significantly expanded introduction to the effects of radiation on metals and alloys. It describes the various processes that occur when energetic particles strike a solid, inducing changes to the physical and mechanical properties of the material. Specifically it covers particle interaction with the metals and alloys used in nuclear reactor cores and hence subject to intense radiation fields. It describes the basics of particle-atom interaction for a range of particle types, the amount and spatial extent of the resulting radiation damage, the physical effects of irradiation and the changes in mechanical behavior of irradiated metals and alloys. Updated throughout, some major enhancements for the new edition include improved treatment of low- and intermediate-energy elastic collisions and stopping power, expanded sections on molecular dynamics and kinetic Monte Carlo methodologies describing collision cascade evolution, new treatment of the multi-frequency model of diffusion, numerous examples of RIS in austenitic and ferritic-martensitic alloys, expanded treatment of in-cascade defect clustering, cluster evolution, and cluster mobility, new discussion of void behavior near grain boundaries, a new section on ion beam assisted deposition, and reorganization of hardening, creep and fracture of irradiated materials (Chaps 12-14) to provide a smoother and more integrated transition between the topics. The book also contains two new chapters. Chapter 15 focuses on the fundamentals of corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, covering forms of corrosion, corrosion thermodynamics, corrosion kinetics, polarization theory, passivity, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. Chapter 16 extends this treatment and considers the effects of irradiation on corrosion and environmentally assisted corrosion, including the effects of irradiation on water chemistry and the mechanisms of irradiation-induced stress corrosion cracking. The book maintains the previous style, concepts are developed systematically and quantitatively, supported by worked examples, references for further reading and end-of-chapter problem sets. Aimed primarily at students of materials sciences and nuclear engineering, the book will also provide a valuable resource for academic and industrial research professionals. Reviews of the first edition: "...nomenclature, problems and separate bibliography at the end of each chapter allow to the reader to reach a straightforward understanding of the subject, part by part. ... this book is very pleasant to read, well documented and can be seen as a very good introduction to the effects of irradiation on matter, or as a good references compilation for experimented readers." - Pauly Nicolas, Physicalia Magazine, Vol. 30 (1), 2008 “The text provides enough fundamental material to explain the science and theory behind radiation effects in solids, but is also written at a high enough level to be useful for professional scientists. Its organization suits a graduate level materials or nuclear science course... the text was written by a noted expert and active researcher in the field of radiation effects in metals, the selection and organization of the material is excellent... may well become a necessary reference for graduate students and researchers in radiation materials science.” - L.M. Dougherty, 07/11/2008, JOM, the Member Journal of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society.

Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Structural Materials written by James A. Sprague and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1979 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Thin Film Analysis by X Ray Scattering written by Mario Birkholz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by Paul F. Fewster and Christoph Genzel While X-ray diffraction investigation of powders and polycrystalline matter was at the forefront of materials science in the 1960s and 70s, high-tech applications at the beginning of the 21st century are driven by the materials science of thin films. Very much an interdisciplinary field, chemists, biochemists, materials scientists, physicists and engineers all have a common interest in thin films and their manifold uses and applications. Grain size, porosity, density, preferred orientation and other properties are important to know: whether thin films fulfill their intended function depends crucially on their structure and morphology once a chemical composition has been chosen. Although their backgrounds differ greatly, all the involved specialists a profound understanding of how structural properties may be determined in order to perform their respective tasks in search of new and modern materials, coatings and functions. The author undertakes this in-depth introduction to the field of thin film X-ray characterization in a clear and precise manner.

Download or read book Low Energy Ion Irradiation of Materials written by Bernd Rauschenbach and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-19 with total page 763 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to all aspects of low-energy ion–solid interaction from basic principles to advanced applications in materials science. It features a balanced and insightful approach to the fundamentals of the low-energy ion–solid surface interaction, focusing on relevant topics such as interaction potentials, kinetics of binary collisions, ion range, radiation damages, and sputtering. Additionally, the book incorporates key updates reflecting the latest relevant results of modern research on topics such as topography evolution and thin-film deposition under ion bombardment, ion beam figuring and smoothing, generation of nanostructures, and ion beam-controlled glancing angle deposition. Filling a gap of almost 20 years of relevant research activity, this book offers a wealth of information and up-to-date results for graduate students, academic researchers, and industrial scientists working in these areas.

Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by H. R. Brager and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1982 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ion Irradiation Induced Damage and Dynamic Recovery in Single Crystal Silicon Carbide and Strontium Titanate written by Haizhou Xue and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this thesis work is to gain better understanding of ion-solid interaction in the energy regime where electronic and nuclear energy loss are comparable. Such responses of materials to ion irradiations are of fundamental importance for micro-electronics and nuclear applications. The ion irradiation induced modification for the crystal structure, the physical and chemical properties etc. may strongly affect the performance of functional materials that needs to be better understood. Experimentally, ion irradiation induced damage accumulation and dynamic recovery in SiC [silicon carbide] and SrTiO3 [strontium titanate] were studied in this dissertation project. Five chapters are presented: Firstly, electronic stopping power for heavy ions in light targets was experimentally evaluated for SiC. Secondly, out-surface diffusion of Ag atoms through SiC coating layer was studied by ion implantation and thermal annealing. The result also suggested that a SiO2 [silicon dioxide] thin film might serve as a diffusion barrier. Thirdly, a thermally induced recovery was studied for single crystal SiC. Through well controlled isothermal and isochronal annealing processes, activation energies were estimated and attributed to certain defect migration/recombination mechanisms. The fourth chapter focuses on a competing effect on defect dynamics due to ionization-induced defect recovery in SiC. Recovery of the existing defects resulting from a thermal spike along the ion path was expected, and was experimentally confirmed by using energetic ions. The results suggest a low threshold of electronic stopping power for the ionization-induced recovery. In the last chapter, an example of how the target material responses differently to energy deposition are demonstrated for single crystal SrTiO3. Instead of the recovery that was observed in SiC, a synergy effect of the coupled electronic and nuclear stopping energy deposition leads to formation of amorphous ion tracks. Systematic studies towards the role of defect concentration and electronic stopping power in the synergy effect were performed.

Download or read book Capturing Radiation induced Microstructure Evolution in Situ Through Direct Property Monitoring written by Cody Andrew Dennett and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced materials development for nuclear systems is currently a time and resource intensive process relying on many iterations of material exposure and destructive testing. There exist few methods for characterizing irradiated material performance in situ, during exposure. Techniques such as in situ TEM or in situ Raman spectroscopy can provide local structural information during irradiation, but no current methods can continuously monitor bulk thermal and mechanical properties. Such a tool would provide the ability to map dose-property relationships at a resolution not previously possible, enhancing mechanistic understanding of irradiation-induced evolution. These methods could also be used to identify the onset of emergent irradiation-induced effects such as the transition from incubation to steady-state void swelling. For this purpose, we have identified transient grating spectroscopy (TGS) as an appropriate technique to obtain these dose-property relationships during irradiation. This method, by optically inducing and monitoring monochromatic surface acoustic waves on materials under investigation, is able to determine the elastic and thermal transport properties of a microns-thick layer at the surface of a sample, the same depth to which ion beams can impose damage. First, we demonstrated that this method is sensitive enough to measure changes in material properties induced by radiation. Afterwards, we designed new optical geometries which enable second-scale time-resolved TGS measurements on dynamically changing materials. In addition, we developed new analytical methods through which multiple material properties, acoustic wave speed and thermal transport properties, may be extracted simultaneously from single-shot measurements. As proof-of-principle experiments, ion irradiation-induced property changes have been measured post-irradiation on pure, single crystal copper. In these copper samples, TGS measurements indicate the presence of volumetric void swelling, which is confirmed with scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). These developments together show that TGS is capable of capturing irradiation-induced evolution in real time and motivate the design and commissioning of an in situ experiment for ion beam irradiation and TGS monitoring. To this end, an in situ TGS beamline experiment for concurrent ion beam irradiation and property monitoring has been developed on the 6 MV tandem accelerator at the Ion Beam Laboratory at Sandia National Laboratories. The in situ ion irradiation TGS (I3TGS) facility has the ability to monitor material evolution at high temperatures in real time under ion bombardment. Using high-energy self-ions, we are studying radiation damage effects on the thermomechanical properties of pure metals. In these experiments, irradiation-induced void swelling has been monitored at an orders-of-magnitude finer dose resolution than is possible with traditional methods. This tool has allowed the onset of swelling to be pinpointed in applied dose, a key consideration when developing new materials for use in nuclear systems, on the timescale of days rather than months or years. We are now able to provide the type of rapid, engineering-relevant data necessary to speed the innovation cycle in nuclear materials development. Moving forward, these methods can be used as a screening tool to expedite the design and testing process for advanced nuclear materials.

Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by George P. Sabol and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1996 with total page 907 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by Gerry D. Moan and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2002 with total page 891 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation The 41 papers of this proceedings volume were first presented at the 13th symposium on Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry held in Annecy, France in June of 2001. Many of the papers are devoted to material related issues, corrosion and hydriding behavior, in-reactor studies, and the behavior and properties of Zr alloys used in storing spent fuel. Some papers report on studies of second phase particles, irradiation creep and growth, and material performance during loss of coolant and reactivity initiated accidents. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Radiation Materials Science written by Gary S. Was and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-16 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an eye-opening treatise on the fundamentals of the effects of radiation on metals and alloys. When energetic particles strike a solid, numerous processes occur that can change the physical and mechanical properties of the material. Metals and alloys represent an important class of materials that are subject to intense radiation fields. Radiation causes metals and alloys to swell, distort, blister, harden, soften and deform. This textbook and reference covers the basics of particle-atom interaction for a range of particle types, the amount and spatial extent of the resulting radiation damage, the physical effects of irradiation and the changes in mechanical behavior of irradiated metals and alloys.

Download or read book Radiation Effects and Ion beam Processing of Materials written by Lu-Min Wang and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The catastrophic effect, as well as a potentially advantageous effect, from energetic beams is the instant high-energy deposition in a local volume, down to the nanoscale, and the rapid cooling processes resulting in changes in the structure and properties of materials that are hard to achieve by other methods. The challenging balance between controlling radiation damage and enhancing material properties has intrigued materials scientists and physicists, as well as engineers in the nuclear and semiconductor industry, and caused them to work closely together for many years. As clearly demonstrated in this volume, many new technologies for creating unique functional devices with energetic particle beams are based on the fundamental study of radiation-induced defect production and evolution. Scientists and engineers working in nuclear engineering, environmental sciences and functional materials share a common language and numerous opportunities for collaboration in this truly interdisciplinary area. Exciting and promising results are presented here, including the most recent progress in fundamental understanding of radiation effects using molecular dynamic (MD) and kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations, processing of monodisperse nanoparticles by ion implantation, production of a wide variety of nanostructures with the application of focused ion beams (FIB), and creating new types of nanoscale functional devices using high-energy ion tracks. These results demonstrate the important relation between fundamental research on radiation effects and the development of new types of nanoscale functional devices using energetic particles over a wide energy range. Topics include: radiation effects in nuclear materials; ion-beam processing of nanostructures; ion-beam processing of semiconductor devices; ion-beam modification of physical properties; modeling and computer simulation of beam-solid interactions; and ion-beam-assisted deposition and surface modification.

Download or read book Radiation Induced Modification of Materials written by Hardev Singh Virk and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The irradiation of materials with energetic particles has significant effects on the properties of target materials. In addition to the well-known detrimental effects of irradiations, they have also some beneficial effects on the properties of materials. Irradiation effect can change the morphology of the materials in a controlled manner and tailor their mechanical, structural, optical and electrical properties. Irradiation induced modifications in the properties of materials can be exploited for many useful applications. This 2nd volume on Radiation Effects considers the importance of Radiation Induced Modifications of Materials. It includes 9 Papers written by experts in this field on a variety of subjects.