Download or read book Investigation of Physical Properties of Compact Scintillation Cameras for Dedicated Imaging Applications written by David Paul McElroy and published by Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International. This book was released on 2002 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physical Processes in Inorganic Scintillators written by Piotr A. Rodnyi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-05-30 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last ten to fifteen years, researchers have made considerable progress in the study of inorganic scintillators. New scintillation materials have been investigated, novel scintillation mechanisms have been discovered, and additional scintillator applications have appeared. Demand continues for new and improved scintillation materials for a variety of applications including nuclear and high energy physics, astrophysics, medical imaging, geophysical exploration, radiation detection, and many other fields. However, until now there have been no books available that address in detail the complex scintillation processes associated with these new developments. Now, a world leader in the theory and applications of scintillation processes integrates the latest scientific advances of scintillation into a new work, Physical Processes in Inorganic Scintillators. Written by distinguished researcher Piotr Rodnyi, this volume explores this challenging subject, explains the complexities of scintillation from a modern point of view, and illuminates the way to the development of better scintillation materials. This unique work first defines the fundamental physical processes underlying scintillation and governing the primary scintillation characteristics of light output, decay time, emission spectrum, and radiation hardness. The book then discusses the complicated mechanisms of energy conversion and transformation in inorganic scintillators. The section on the role of defects in energy transfer and scintillation efficiency will be of special interest. Throughout, the author does not offer complicated derivations of equations but, instead, presents useful equations with practical results.
Download or read book Investigation of Thickness Dependent Scintillator Photosensor Interface Reflection Coefficients for Improved Light Yield Calculations in Inorganic Scintillators written by Faruk Logoglu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation scintillation detectors are used in numerous fields including low and high energy physics (HEP) experiments, medical imaging (MI), space exploration, well-logging, and homeland security. Since they can be manufactured with vastly different properties for virtually any type of radiation detection application, they are ubiquitous in scientific research and industry. For a given application, scintillation detectors are chosen based on their properties such as their efficiency, energy resolution (ER), and time resolution. Light yield (LY) is one of the most important properties of scintillators in characterizing their performance under irradiation. It has a direct correlation with the energy and time resolutions of scintillators since a larger number of light photons produced in scintillators translates to a larger number of light photons detected by photosensors, which improves both energy and time resolutions. Excellent energy and time resolutions of scintillators are critical in various applications such as radioisotope identification and positron emission tomography - time of flight (PET-TOF). LY is also an important parameter in simulation studies where the goal is to either characterize already existing detectors and compare simulation results to experimental observations or investigate novel configurations involving scintillators. In the latter case, LY plays a critical role in the optimization of new detection systems. Although the importance of LY is well known in the field of radiation detection, its accurate measurement is not straightforward. Any measurement of LY is bound to have large uncertainties due to various physical processes involved in its estimation. Accurate measurement of scintillator LYs necessitates accurate knowledge of numerous properties of both the scintillators and the photosensors that are used to convert the scintillation light into electronic signal. These properties include but not limited to the surface conditions and bulk properties of scintillators, the photodetection efficiency of photosensors, the single-photoelectron response (SPER) of photosensors and the light reflection properties between scintillators and photosensors. Consequently, there are large differences in reported LY values even for widely used scintillators such as thallium-activated sodium-iodide (NaI(Tl)) and cerium-activated lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO:Ce3+), as any major change in the aforementioned quantities has an impact on the estimated LY. One of the approaches to determine the scintillator LYs is to measure their light outputs (LO) as a function of scintillator thickness and fit an analytical model function to the data set to extrapolate the LO for a point scintillator. Since this method does not require relatively sophisticated equipment such as integrating spheres, electron monochromators or electron collimators, it can be carried out in most radiation detection laboratories. However, the model functions need to be as realistic as possible, and they need to contain all the relevant physics to make LY estimations accurate. In this thesis, two new analytical light transport model (LTM) functions for cuboid scintillators are derived, and it is demonstrated that they make LY estimations more accurate. These two analytical LTM functions are called the extended 2D-model and the 3D-model. The 3D-model is shown to estimate the LO of scintillators as accurately as Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, which makes full-scale MC simulations in cuboid scintillators needless in certain applications. One of the most important quantities that affect LY estimations is the scintillator-photosensor interface reflection coefficient (SPIRC). SPIRC is the observed reflection coefficient of the scintillator-photosensor boundary averaged over photon angles and energies and is typically considered a constant. Since scintillation emission contains photons of various wavelengths, and scintillators have wavelength dependent surface and bulk properties, it is not straightforward to reliably estimate SPIRCs. Moreover, SPIRC is dependent on the optical coupling methods employed in radiation measurements, which are typically dry (air) coupling and grease coupling. In this thesis, two new experimental methods (the single-PMT setup and the dual-PMT setup) are suggested and tested to estimate the SPIRCs in different optical coupling configurations. Furthermore, a new hypothesis is put forward regarding the SPIRC dependency on scintillator thickness. It is hypothesized through MC simulations that SPIRC decreases with increasing scintillator thickness as a result of change in the scintillation photons' angular distribution on the scintillator-photosensor interface (SPI). This hypothesis is tested with three different inorganic scintillation crystals by employing the two new experimental methods, and the SPIRC dependency on scintillator thickness is experimentally observed by evaluating the extended 2D-model and the 3D-model for LYSO:Ce3+ and cerium-activated gadolinium-aluminum-gallium garnet (GAGG:Ce3+) inorganic scintillators. The SPIRC dependency on scintillator thickness is observed by the 3D-model with more than 2[sigma] confidence for both LYSO:Ce3+ and GAGG:Ce3+ scintillators in the single-PMT setup. The SPIRC dependency on scintillator thickness is observed with more than 3[sigma] confidence for GAGG:Ce3+ scintillators in the dual-PMT setup. Consequently, it is suggested that the measurements should consider thickness-dependent SPIRCs (TD-SPIRC) to make accurate LY estimations.
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inorganic Scintillators for Detector Systems written by Paul Lecoq and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition features new chapters highlighting advances in our understanding of the behavior and properties of scintillators, and the discovery of new families of materials with light yield and excellent energy resolution very close to the theoretical limit. The book focuses on the discovery of next-generation scintillation materials and on a deeper understanding of fundamental processes. Such novel materials with high light yield as well as significant advances in crystal engineering offer exciting new perspectives. Most promising is the application of scintillators for precise time tagging of events, at the level of 100 ps or higher, heralding a new era in medical applications and particle physics. Since the discovery of the Higgs Boson with a clear signature in the lead tungstate scintillating blocks of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter detector, the current trend in particle physics is toward very high luminosity colliders, in which timing performance will ultimately be essential to mitigating pile-up problems. New and extremely fast light production mechanisms based on Hot-Intraband-Luminescence as well as quantum confinement are exploited for this purpose. Breakthroughs such as crystal engineering by means of co-doping procedures and selection of cations with small nuclear fragmentation cross-sections will also pave the way for the development of more advanced and radiation-hard materials. Similar innovations are expected in medical imaging, nuclear physics ecology, homeland security, space instrumentation and industrial applications. This second edition also reviews modern trends in our understanding and the engineering of scintillation materials. Readers will find new and updated references and information, as well as new concepts and inspirations to implement in their own research and engineering endeavors.
Download or read book Emission Tomography written by Miles N. Wernick and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-12-07 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PET and SPECT are two of today's most important medical-imaging methods, providing images that reveal subtle information about physiological processes in humans and animals. Emission Tomography: The Fundamentals of PET and SPECT explains the physics and engineering principles of these important functional-imaging methods. The technology of emission tomography is covered in detail, including historical origins, scientific and mathematical foundations, imaging systems and their components, image reconstruction and analysis, simulation techniques, and clinical and laboratory applications. The book describes the state of the art of emission tomography, including all facets of conventional SPECT and PET, as well as contemporary topics such as iterative image reconstruction, small-animal imaging, and PET/CT systems. This book is intended as a textbook and reference resource for graduate students, researchers, medical physicists, biomedical engineers, and professional engineers and physicists in the medical-imaging industry. Thorough tutorials of fundamental and advanced topics are presented by dozens of the leading researchers in PET and SPECT. SPECT has long been a mainstay of clinical imaging, and PET is now one of the world's fastest growing medical imaging techniques, owing to its dramatic contributions to cancer imaging and other applications. Emission Tomography: The Fundamentals of PET and SPECT is an essential resource for understanding the technology of SPECT and PET, the most widely used forms of molecular imaging.*Contains thorough tutorial treatments, coupled with coverage of advanced topics*Three of the four holders of the prestigious Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Medical Imaging Scientist Award are chapter contributors*Include color artwork
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Download or read book Cardiac SPECT Imaging written by E. Gordon DePuey and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2001 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiac SPECT Imaging, Second Edition offers the best of all possible worlds--a critical topic, internationally recognized authors and cutting-edge coverage. It guides you through all aspects of the modality--from basic principles (acquiring and processing images, quality control)...and clinical applications (evaluating myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease)...to the very latest equipment. It even compares SPECT with other modalities (PET, CT, MRI, and echocardiography) to ensure smart, cost-effective decisions by both the cardiologist and nuclear medicine physician.Look for new chapters on attenuation correction, gated perfusion SPECT, radiopharmaceuticals, and myocardial perfusion SPECT, as well as the very latest on myocardial perfusion SPECT in conjunction with exercise and pharmacologic stress, assessment of perfusion/viability with Tc-99m agents, how SPECT compares with other advanced cardiac imaging modalities, and more!
Download or read book 99mTc Sestamibi written by Jan Bucerius and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 99mTc-sestamibi is a single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radiotracer that is widely used for the imaging of myocardial perfusion, as well as a variety of malignant and benign diseases. 99mTc-Sestamibi – Clinical Applications provides a detailed and informative overview of almost all the oncologic and non-oncologic applications of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT, including several relatively rare indications. Different disease-related protocols for 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT are presented, and for each disease a comprehensive summary of the relevant pathology and epidemiology is provided. Throughout, there is a strong emphasis on the practical aspects of use of this popular tracer, including instructions for the preparation of several commercially available tracer kits. Clinical practitioners will find this book to be an invaluable guide to the application and benefits of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT in both the inpatient and the outpatient setting.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Imaging Technologies in Biomedical Sciences written by International Conference on Imaging Technologies in Biomedical Sciences and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Penetrating Radiation Systems and Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ionizing Radiation Detectors for Medical Imaging written by Alberto Del Guerra and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionizing Radiation Detectors for Medical Imaging contains tentechnical chapters, half of which are devoted to radiology and theother half to nuclear medicine. The last chapter describes thedetectors for radiotherapy and portal imaging. Each chapter addressescompletely a specific application. The emphasis is always on detectorfundamentals and detector properties. Where necessary, software andspecific applications are described in depth. This book is intended for graduate and undergraduate students inphysics and engineering who want to study medical imaging. Inaddition, scientists who are working in a specific sub-field ofmedical imaging can acquire from the book an up-to-date description ofthe state of the art in related sub-fields, within the scope ofionizing radiation detectors. Other scientists, as well as physicians, can use the book as a reference for medical imaging
Download or read book Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging written by Claus Grupen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-08 with total page 1251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.
Download or read book Quantitative Nuclear Medicine Imaging written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication reviews the current state of the art of image quantification and provides a solid background of tools and methods to medical physicists and other related professionals who are faced with quantification of radionuclide distribution in clinical practice. It describes and analyses the physical effects that degrade image quality and affect the accuracy of quantification, and describes methods to compensate for them in planar, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) images.
Download or read book Nuclear Oncology written by H. William Strauss and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-27 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with a comprehensive understanding of both the basic principles and the clinical applications of nuclear oncology imaging techniques. The authors have assembled a distinguished group of leaders in the field who provide valuable insight on the subject. The book also includes major chapters on the cancer patient and the pathophysiology of abnormal tissue, the evaluation of co-existing disease, and the diagnosis and therapy of specific tumors using functional imaging studies. Each chapter is heavily illustrated to assist the reader in understanding the clinical role of nuclear oncology in cancer disease therapy and management.
Download or read book Nuclear Medicine Textbook written by Duccio Volterrani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-10 with total page 1331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the traditional concept of nuclear medicine, this textbook presents cutting-edge concepts of hybrid imaging and discusses the close interactions between nuclear medicine and other clinical specialties, in order to achieve the best possible outcomes for patients. Today the diagnostic applications of nuclear medicine are no longer stand-alone procedures, separate from other diagnostic imaging modalities. This is especially true for hybrid imaging guided interventional radiology or surgical procedures. Accordingly, today’s nuclear medicine specialists are actually specialists in multimodality imaging (in addition to their expertise in the diagnostic and therapeutic uses of radionuclides). This new role requires a new core curriculum for training nuclear medicine specialists. This textbook is designed to meet these new educational needs, and to prepare nuclear physicians and technologists for careers in this exciting specialty.
