Download or read book Investigation of Local Geology Effects on Strong Earthquake Ground Motions written by Moh-jiann Huang and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Local Geology Effects on Strong Earthquake Ground Motions written by Moh-jiann Huang and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Local Geology Effects on Strong Ground Motions written by Moh-jiann Huang and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Living on an Active Earth written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-22 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The destructive force of earthquakes has stimulated human inquiry since ancient times, yet the scientific study of earthquakes is a surprisingly recent endeavor. Instrumental recordings of earthquakes were not made until the second half of the 19th century, and the primary mechanism for generating seismic waves was not identified until the beginning of the 20th century. From this recent start, a range of laboratory, field, and theoretical investigations have developed into a vigorous new discipline: the science of earthquakes. As a basic science, it provides a comprehensive understanding of earthquake behavior and related phenomena in the Earth and other terrestrial planets. As an applied science, it provides a knowledge base of great practical value for a global society whose infrastructure is built on the Earth's active crust. This book describes the growth and origins of earthquake science and identifies research and data collection efforts that will strengthen the scientific and social contributions of this exciting new discipline.
Download or read book Earthquake Ground Motion written by Walter Salazar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-03-06 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquake Ground Motion is a compilation of ten chapters covering tectonics, seismicity, site effects, tsunamis, infrastructure, and instrumentation. It presents state-of-the-art techniques for retrieving rupture models, seismogenic structures, and validation of focal mechanisms. It also presents macroseismic archiving tools for historical and instrumental earthquakes and the fundamentals of seismic tomography. The book describes the site response analysis in 2D and 3D, considering topographic and soil structure interactions, its incorporation in a seismic hazard analysis, and the impact of earthquakes on the cost of reconstruction. The final sections are devoted to the genesis of earthquakes tsunamis, non-seismic tsunamis, and the new role of gyroscopes in rotational seismology.
Download or read book Investigation of Strong Earthquake Ground Motion written by Mihailo Dimitrije Trifunac and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strong Ground Motion Seismology written by Mustafa Erdik and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1987-07-31 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Ankara, Turkey, June 10-21, 1985
Download or read book Local Site Effects and Ground Failures written by T. G. Sitharam and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-08 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents select papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics. The papers discuss advances in the fields of soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering. Some of the themes include ground response analysis & local site effect, seismic slope stability and landslides, application of AI in geotechnical earthquake engineering, etc. A strong emphasis is placed on connecting academic research and field practice, with many examples, case studies, best practices, and discussions on performance based design. This volume will be of interest to researchers and practicing engineers alike.
Download or read book Earthquake Microzoning written by Antoni Roca and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many past and recent earthquakes it has been shown that the local conditions and, in particular, the local geology have a great influence on the observed seismic ground motion and, consequently, on the damage distribution in housing, industrial stock, and life-lines. Seismic microzoning is the usual procedure to have these local effects taken into account for engineering design and land-use planning, being a useful tool for earthquake risk mitigation. This volume presents a collection of papers mainly originated from a workshop on Seismic Microzoning, organized during the 23rd General Assembly of the European Geophysical Society (EGS) in Nice, France in April 1998. The workshop dealt with various geophysical tools for analysing the effects of the local soils of subsurface geology on seismic ground motion, namely the methods using experimental data such as microtremors, and the theoretical/numerical 1-D and 2-D modelling methods. Additional contributions discussing techniques for characterising soil properties, microzoning applications to several urban areas, and others were added to the volume to broaden this important topic.
Download or read book Coupled Site and Soil Structure Interaction Effects with Application to Seismic Risk Mitigation written by Tom Schanz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-18 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Coupled Site and Soil-Structure Interaction Effects with Application to Seismic Risk Mitigation Borovets, Bulgaria 30 August - 3 September 2008
Download or read book Ground Motion and Engineering Seismology written by A.S. Cakmak and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-08-11 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite advances in the field of geotechnical earthquake engineering, earthquakes continue to cause loss of life and property in one part of the world or another. The Third International Conference on Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, 22nd to 24th June 1987, provided an opportunity for participants from all over the world to share their expertise to enhance the role of mechanics and other disciplines as they relate to earthquake engineering. The edited proceedings of the conference are published in four volumes. This volume covers: Seismicity and Tectonics in the Eastern Mediterranean, Seismic Waves in Soils and Geophysical Methods, Engineering Seismology, Dynamic Methods in Soil and Rock Mechanics, and Ground Motion. With its companion volumes, it is hoped that it will contribute to the further development of techniques, methods and innovative approaches in soil dynamics and earthquake engineering.
Download or read book Using Local Global and Simulated Earthquakes to Inform Earthquake Resilience Efforts in the Pacific Northwest written by Mika Thompson and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, we investigate how the geometry and rock composition of the Seattle and Tacoma basins influences strong ground motions during local earthquakes by surveying and interpreting strong-motion seismic records and generating 3D ground-motion simulations. We also evaluate the performance of an earthquake early warning system for the West Coast of the United States using historical records of local and global intraslab earthquakes and ground-motion simulations of hypothetical magnitude 9 megathrust earthquake scenarios on the Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ).Chapter 2 is a characterization of sedimentary basin effects within the Seattle and Tacoma basins using Pacific Northwest Seismic Network and U.S. Geological Survey strong-motion recordings of five local earthquakes (M 3.9–6.8), including the 2001 Nisqually earthquake. We observe basin-edge generated surface waves at sites within the Seattle basin for most ray paths that cross the Seattle fault zone. We also note previously undocumented basin-edge surface waves in the Tacoma basin during one of the local earthquakes. To place quantitative constraints on basin amplification, we determine amplification factors by computing the spectral ratios of inside-basin sites to outside-basin sites at 1, 2, 3, and 5 s periods. Ground shaking is amplified in the Seattle basin for all the earthquakes analyzed and for a subset of events in the Tacoma basin. We find that the largest amplification factors in the Seattle basin are produced by a shallow crustal earthquake located to the southwest of the basin. Our observation suggests that future shallow crustal and megathrust earthquakes rupturing west of the Puget Lowland will produce greater amplification within the Seattle basin than has been seen for intraslab events. We also perform ground-motion simulations using a finite-difference method to validate a 3D Cascadia velocity model (CVM) by comparing properties of observed and synthetic waveforms up to a frequency of 1 Hz. Basin-edge effects are well reproduced in the Seattle basin, but are less well resolved in the Tacoma basin. Continued study of basin effects in the Tacoma basin would improve the CVM. In Chapter 3, we investigate whether assuming a fixed shallow depth in the ShakeAlert network-based earthquake early warning system is sufficient to produce accurate ground-motion based alerts for intraslab earthquakes. ShakeAlert currently uses a fixed focal depth of 8 km to estimate earthquake location and magnitude. This is an appropriate way to reduce computational costs without compromising alert accuracy in California, where earthquakes typically occur on shallow crustal faults. In the Pacific Northwest (PNW), however, the most common moderate-magnitude events occur within the subducting Juan de Fuca slab at depths between ~35 and 65 km. Using a dataset of seismic recordings from 37 Mw 4.5+ intraslab earthquakes from the PNW and Chile, we replay events through the Earthquake Point-Source Integrated Code and eqInfo2GM algorithms to estimate source parameters and compute modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) alert threshold contours. Each event is replayed twice—once using a fixed 8 km depth and a second time using the actual catalog earthquake depth. For each depth scenario, we analyze MMI III and IV contours using various performance metrics to determine the number of correctly alerted sites and measure warning times. We determine that shallow depth replays are more likely to produce errors in location estimates of greater than 50 km if the event is located outside of a seismic network. When located within a seismic network, shallow and catalog depth replays have similar epicenter estimates. Results show that applying catalog earthquake depth does not improve the accuracy of magnitude estimates or MMI alert threshold contours, or increase warning times. We conclude that using a fixed shallow earthquake depth for intraslab earthquakes will not significantly impact alert accuracy in the PNW. Chapter 4 is an evaluation of ShakeAlert performance for M 9 megathrust earthquakes in the PNW. Since there are no recordings of large magnitude earthquakes on the CSZ, we use synthetic seismograms from a suite of 30 simulated M 9 earthquake scenarios on the Cascadia megathrust with varying hypocenters, down-dip rupture extents, slip distributions, and locations of high-stress drop subevents to test the performance of ShakeAlert algorithms. We implement new features not currently set up in the operational ShakeAlert system (version 2.1.5), such as an upgraded version of the FinDer algorithm capable of utilizing generic and fault specific templates, a set of generic crustal templates that increase the maximum allowed rupture length from 300 km to 1362 km, a new version of the eqInfo2GM algorithm that uses precomputed distance tables to determine the spatial extent of ShakeAlert MMI alert threshold contours, and contour distance tables generated with the Next Generation Attenuation – West 2 ground motion models. We measure the timeliness and accuracy of source estimates and evaluate the performance of ShakeAlert alert contours using a station-based alert classification scheme. We also a develop a population-based alert classification method by aligning a 30 arc-second resolution population grid with Voronoi diagrams computed from the classified sites for each scenario. Using raster statistics, we estimate the approximate population in the PNW that would receive timely accurate alerts during an offshore M 9 earthquake. We also observe the range of expected warning times with respect to the spatial distribution of the population. Our results, disaggregated by MMI alert threshold, show that most of the population could receive alerts with positive warning times for an alert threshold of MMI III, but that the number of late and missed alerts increases as the MMI alert threshold is increased. For MMI V, an average of just under 60% of the population would be alerted prior to the arrival of threshold level shaking. Large regions of late and missed alerts for alert thresholds MMI IV and V are caused by delays in alert updates, inaccurate FinDer source estimates, and undersized alert contours. We also evaluate whether some end-users in the MMI V (moderate shaking) late alert zones could receive an alert prior to experiencing MMI VI (strong) or MMI VII (very strong) level shaking. Correct timely alerts increase by about 10% for MMI V using this warning time definition. Finally, we investigate an alerting strategy where ShakeAlert sends out an alert to the entire PNW region when the system detects at least an M 8 earthquake on the coast. This strategy eliminates all missed alerts and all late alerts except at sites close to the epicenter. The mean percentage of timely correct alerts is similar to using an alert threshold of MMI III, but the range of warning times is significantly greater and there is less risk of over-alerting in California.
Download or read book Seismic Hazard of the Circum Pannonian Region written by Giuliano F. Panza and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-11 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: requiring the adaptation of probabilistic maps to design ground motions; and (d) the generalization of design parameters to locations where there is little seismic history. Maximum displacements, velocities, and, based on the European Build ing Code EC8, design ground acceleration maps have thus been produced by ZivCic et al. for Slovenia, Marku§ic et al. for Croatia, Bus et al. for Hungary, and Radulian et al. for Romania. The last two contributions in the volume are dedicated to studies of local site effects that could affect the microzonation of large urban areas. Moldoveanu et al. employed a technique based on the modal summation and finite dif ferences to calculate the expected ground motion in the capital city of Bucha rest due to large intermediate-depth Vrancea earthquakes. Their results outline that the presence of alluvial sediments and the possible variation of event scenario require the use of all three components of motion for a reliable determination of the seismic input. The study of Marmureanu et al. , more limited in scope, offers a laboratory analysis of the attenuation effects for sur face layers. The authors confirm that seismic attenuation in sedimentary layers is a function of the strain levels induced by large earthquakes, and find that the quality factor is nearly constant over a relatively wide frequency range, between 7 and 100 Hz.
Download or read book Improved Seismic Monitoring Improved Decision Making written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-01-04 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improved Seismic Monitoringâ€"Improved Decision-Making, describes and assesses the varied economic benefits potentially derived from modernizing and expanding seismic monitoring activities in the United States. These benefits include more effective loss avoidance regulations and strategies, improved understanding of earthquake processes, better engineering design, more effective hazard mitigation strategies, and improved emergency response and recovery. The economic principles that must be applied to determine potential benefits are reviewed and the report concludes that although there is insufficient information available at present to fully quantify all the potential benefits, the annual dollar costs for improved seismic monitoring are in the tens of millions and the potential annual dollar benefits are in the hundreds of millions.
Download or read book Seismic Ground Motion in Large Urban Areas written by Giuliano F. Panza and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accelerated, and often uncontrolled, growth of the cities has contributed to the ecological transformation of their immediate surroundings. Factors contributing to the urban vulnerability include: lowering or rising of the water table, subsidence, loss of bearing capacity of soil foundations and instability of slopes. Recent catastrophic earthquakes highlight the poor understanding by decision makers of seismic related risk, as well as the tendency of some builders to use the cheapest designs and construction materials to increase short-term economic returns on their investment. Losses from earthquakes will continue to increase if we do not shift towards proactive solution. Disaster reduction is both an issue for consideration in the sustainable development agenda and a cross-cutting issue relating to the social, economic, environmental and humanitarian sectors. As location is the key factor, which determines the level of risk associated with a hazard, land-use plans and mapping should be used as tools to identify the most suitable usage for vulnerable areas.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics written by D.E. James and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1989-11-30 with total page 1299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consisting of more than 150 articles written by leading experts, this authoritative reference encompasses the entire field of solid-earth geophysics. It describes in detail the state of current knowledge, including advanced instrumentation and techniques, and focuses on important areas of exploration geophysics. It also offers clear and complete coverage of seismology, geodesy, gravimetry, magnetotellurics and related areas in the adjacent disciplines of physics, geology, oceanography and space science.
Download or read book Effects of Local Geology and Distance from Source on Earthquake Ground Motions written by Per Borre Schnabel and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
