Download or read book Investigation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Medial Collateral Ligament Biomechanics During 6 degree of freedom Robotically simulated Athletic Tasks written by Nathaniel A. Bates and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) passively stabilizes the knee and plays a complex role in joint restraint during tibiofemoral articulations. ACL injuries are traumatic events that have short and long term consequences for affected athletes. Unfortunately, treatment through ACL reconstruction fails to completely restore native knee biomechanics or reduce the early onset of osteoarthritis following rupture. Therefore, the best treatment for ACL injuries may be to prevent their occurrence. To enhance ACL injury prevention, investigators must enhance the understanding of underlying, intra-articular mechanics that precede rupture. Use of robotic technology has allowed investigators to better examine native knee biomechanics during simulated clinical tests and gait. However, ACL injuries do not frequently occur during gait, but during athletic tasks that involve rapid deceleration or change in direction. The objective of these studies was to utilize in vivo recorded, three-dimensional kinematics to derive six-degree-of-freedom robotic simulations of athletic tasks that can assess native tibiofemoral mechanics in scenarios related to ACL injury. The created model successfully articulated cadaveric lower extremities though drop vertical jump and sidestep cutting tasks without specimen damage. The ACL serves as a secondary restraint to knee abduction and internal tibial rotation and, therefore, can be loaded through multiple rotational perturbations. Investigators dispute over which planes of motion contribute most significantly to ACL injury. The presented model found that combined knee rotations evoked the greatest ACL strains, but isolated knee abduction accounted for the majority of this loading. The model was then utilized to define how and why concomitant medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries only occur in 30% of ACL ruptures, despite the shared mechanism of abduction loading for both ligaments. It was observed that during controlled athletic tasks the MCL was generally less loaded and strained and, therefore, less exposed to injury risk than the ACL. Finally, ACL injuries are gender-specific events with higher incidence rates in female athletes. Mechanical assessment of sex-specific kinematic simulations of athletic tasks revealed that neither joint loads nor ligament strains exhibited increased injury risk in females. This therefore supported that the conditions simulated in these studies indicated non-contact ACL injuries may be "black swan" events, a product of unanticipated and abnormal joint loading generated from an unexpected loss of neuromuscular control. Clinically, the current investigations indicated that preventive measures should continue to focus on reduction of knee abduction in order to lower ACL injury incidence. Greater baseline loading within the ACL than the MCL during athletic tasks supported how ACL rupture occurs with limited concomitant MCL injuries. The absence of observed gender differences, relative to ACL protection, indicated gender-specific training and rehabilitation protocols should be unnecessary as structural loading during regulated athletic tasks is comparable. Findings from these investigations advance the understanding of intra-articular knee biomechanics and can be incorporated into efforts to prevent ACL injuries. Future considerations should focus on further development of subject-specific simulation models that address additional sources of joint perturbation as well as the application of present models to the evaluation and efficacious improvement of current repair and reconstruction methods.

Download or read book Establishing Design Criteria for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction written by Rebecca J. Nesbitt and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) plays a complex role in knee stability. Injury to this structure can cause abnormal joint kinematics and loadings which may lead to the early onset of osteoarthritis (OA) and joint degeneration. While surgeons are able to restore joint laxity in the short to medium term, long term OA development is currently not prevented in patients who have undergone surgical repair. In order to slow or stop the progression of OA following ACL injury, we hypothesize that reconstruction techniques must achieve a greater degree of native ligament functionality. The principles of Functional Tissue Engineering state that a ligament's functionality may be defined as its in vivo loading characteristics. While this information remains impossible to measure directly in human patients in vivo, in vitro testing can serve as an alternative as long as the following conditions are met: 1) Loads are measured in 6 degrees-of-freedom (DOFs); 2) Loads are measured during activities of daily living (ADLs); 3) Loads are measured within a realistic environment, which may include knees sustaining injury to structures influencing ACL functionality. Due to the invasive nature of in vivo load sensing, researchers have turned to robotics to simulate ADLs kinematics on biological tissue. This technique allows open access to the joint to measure contact forces and 6 DOF ligament loads throughout physiologic motion paths, fulfilling the first 2 requirements for in vitro testing. By using an animal model, specimen-specific kinematics may be collected and applied to the same tissue, overcoming several limitations of cadaveric testing, including specimen quality and kinematic mis-matches. It also allows for consideration of biologic effects and controlled testing of various knee pathologies, fulfilling the 3rd requirement for in vitro testing. Because of these advantages, this work utilized robotics in combination with the sheep knee model to study in vivo ACL loading, which may then serve as design criteria for new and novel repair techniques. Studies were designed to address two specific aims. The first focused on assessing the biomechanical relationships between activity and the corresponding demands placed on the ACL. Results showed that, while a strong link exists between activity and the corresponding knee kinematics, the knee dynamics follow a more complex pattern with inter-relationships between multiple DOFs. Overall, ACL functional demands were most variable during phases of the activities when the knee was less weight bearing, yet still engaged. Specifically, inclined gait placed higher demands on the ACL during hoof strike while declined gait place higher demands on the ACL during push off. Both of these time points corresponded to instances of lower compression levels within each ADL. This is also consistent with the timing of non-contact ACL tears, where most injuries occur during the transition from uncompressed to compressed knee states -- such as landing. The second aim focused on assessing biomechanical relationship between ACL demands and concomitant knee injury. Medial meniscus (MM) injury increased ACL forces during the transitions between swing and stance in response to significant increases in anterior translation. Dual (MM and MCL) injury produced no increases, yet both MM and Dual groups developed significant OA within the medial compartment. MCL injury produced increased ACL force during mid stance in response to increased overall joint laxity but no increase in OA. Results of the this study are the first to relate ADLs and injury of surrounding structures to resulting knee biomechanics and ACL function and provide preliminary data for defining design requirements for future ACL reconstruction techniques.

Download or read book Characterizing the Porcine Knee as a Biomechanical Surrogate Model of the Human Knee to Study the Anterior Cruciate Ligament written by Daniel V. Boguszewski and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) provides a complex role to knee stability. Traumatic injury to this structure causes abnormal joint kinematics which poses significant socioeconomic problems. Lost joint stability is linked to long-term degenerative joint disease. In an attempt to restore the functional role of the ACL, reconstruction is performed. Unfortunately, current reconstruction methods have limitations and fail to reduce the likelihood of early onset osteoarthritis. Advances in technology have allowed researches an opportunity to better assess normal function, injury, and repair. Specifically, the use of robotic technology has made it possible to study the ACL during activities of daily living (ADLs). With the robot, we can convert in vivo kinematic data into reproducible simulated in vivo motions. During kinematic simulations, three-dimensional (3D) joint kinetics can be measured, allowing for assessment of normal and ACL-deficient knees, as well as examining limitations of current reconstruction methods. Ideally this would be performed in the human knee, but there are limitations which make this challenging. The goal of the research presented was to develop the porcine knee as a biomechanical model of the human knee to study different aspects of ACL reconstruction. The human ACL is critical to anterior knee stability, so a viable model should function similarly. We found that the porcine knee is also an ACL dependent joint. It accounted for 80%-125% of the anterior force during gait, suggesting the porcine model as a candidate for studying ACL function and different repair techniques. We then examined the viability of two prototype ACL graft materials compared to the current "gold standard" bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) graft. We found that the Hybrid graft, a reconstructed porcine dermis matrix with a polymer core, performed the best. It initially restored the anterior force of the native ACL knee, and mimicked the rate of force loss during long-term cyclic testing of the native ACL knee in all degrees-of-freedom (DOFs). However, all grafted knees failed to match the initial forces in other DOFs, and each altered the load sharing of primary and secondary contributions. Additionally, all grafted knees showed a significant increase in the restraining role of the medial collateral ligament, suggesting a failure to restore the normal function of the native ACL knee. To be clinically relevant, correlations need to be developed between the porcine and human knees. For this, we examined human cadaveric knees. The value in this study was developing a testing methodology for human cadaveric knees using simulated in vivo ADLs. While improvements need to be made to reduce inter-specimen variability, simulating in vivo human gait provided promising prospects. We have begun to develop a database of kinematics and kinetics for the porcine knee, and have established a foundation to use it as a biomechanical screening tool to study ACL reconstruction. Ultimately, defining repair criteria will support development of methods and materials to better restore lost function after ACL reconstruction. The next steps are to optimize human cadaveric testing methodologies in order to fully understand the biomechanical relationships between porcine and human knees.

Download or read book Biomechanical Alterations in Athletes with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and the Implications for Osteoarthritis written by Albert J. Chen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a traumatic event that can lead to long term disability and greater risk of radiographically diagnosed osteoarthritis (OA). While ACL reconstruction (ACLR) can restore anterior laxity to acceptable levels, dynamic instability can persist. Analysis of gait and other sport specific tasks show persistent changes in lower limb mechanics that not only affect second injury risk, but may be a primary factor in early onset OA. A definitive mechanistic link has yet to be established between ACL injury, ACLR and OA, but current evidence strongly indicates that OA development is related to the changes in tibiofemoral kinematics that are present after injury and ACLR. Therefore, the aims of this dissertation were to: 1) Determine the effects of ACL injury and ACLR on lower limb biomechanics during sport specific tasks, and 2) Determine the effects of ACL injury and ACLR on subject specific model predicted ACL strain and cartilage contact patterns. The hypothesis tested was that lower limb biomechanics in those with ACLR would be significantly altered compared to their uninvolved limb and to uninjured controls. In addition, it was hypothesized that the models of ACLR subjects would predict larger ligament strains compared to the uninjured controls, and demonstrate altered cartilage contact patterns. To test these hypotheses, patients with ACLR were recruited for these studies. First, lower limb biomechanics during a single leg hop were examined to determine correlations with patient reported function at the return to sport (RTS) time point. In addition, patients with ACLR were also examined at longer follow-up times to determine how their peak kinetics and kinematics differed from their uninvolved limbs and uninjured controls during gait and a drop vertical jump (DVJ). The latter cohort of subjects underwent identical protocols to generate subject specific finite element (FE) models. These models were based on their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and utilized their own biomechanical variables as inputs. The outputs of these FE models were compared to those from an in vitro pneumatic impactor study. The results of the studies indicate that lower limb biomechanics after ACLR are significantly altered at short- and long-term follow-ups. Patients with ACLR at the return to sport time point had lower limb biomechanics that were significantly correlated with patient reported outcome scores. The uninjured control displayed frontal plane mechanics that have been shown to increase risk for an ACL tear. The injured group also displayed altered biomechanics in the frontal and sagittal plane during gait and DVJ. The FE models of the injured group produced lower ACL strains compared to the uninjured group, but did not show any significant differences in cartilage contact. In comparison to the cadaveric tests, the ACL strain from the FE models did not differ significantly from the cadaveric specimens.

Download or read book Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction written by Michael J. Alaia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-02 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is one of the most common procedures performed in sports medicine centers. However, these procedures can carry a long-term failure rate as high as 5-15%%, and when these procedures fail, revision is significantly more complex. Considerable factors need to be assessed in patients that are indicated for surgery, as revisions carry a higher failure rate and potentially less optimal outcomes and return to sport and activity. These factors include, but are not limited to, the status of the meniscus, overall alignment, graft options, placement of prior implants or tunnels, collateral ligament quality, and whether or not the revision must be staged into two procedures. This text provides a comprehensive, case-based presentation of the most efficient and practical treatment algorithms for patients in need of revision ACL repair and reconstruction. Opening chapters discuss the initial patient work-up, radiography, surgical indications, graft options, and pre-operative considerations and preparations. The main portion of the book then describes both common factors leading to revision surgery as well as the surgical techniques themselves, illustrated via plentiful operative photos and vivid clinical case material. The management of osteolysis, ligamentous laxity, extra-articular tenodesis, plane correction, and meniscus deficiency, among others, are discussed in detail. Special populations, such as the pediatric patient, the elite athlete and the female athlete, are discussed as well. Shedding light on this challenging surgical repair, Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction is the go-to resource for sports medicine and orthopedic surgeons, knee specialists and residents and fellows in these areas.

Download or read book A Hybrid System for Simulation of Athletic Activities Related to Lower Extremity Biomechanics written by Cameron Trepeck and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, the design and development of a hybrid robotic system that simulates dynamic biomechanical tasds of the lower extremity with emphasis on knee and hip joints are presented. The hybrid system utilizes a mechanical hip and a cadaveric knee/ankle component and can accelerate the whole complex towards the ground. This system is used to simulate complex athletic movements such as landing from a jump at various anatomical orientations of the lower extremity with muscle action. The dynamic response of the lower extremity is monitored and analyzed during impulsive contact between the ground and the cadaveric leg. The cadaveric knee is instrumented to measure strain of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) during simulated high impact sports activities. The mechanical hip allows various kinematics of the hip including flexion as well as abduction. In addition to the flexion and abduction of the mechanical hip, the controlled flexion and extension of the cadaveric knee allows for simulation of complex tasks such as landing from a jump. A large number of tests were performed at various anatomical positions utilizing this device to simulate landing from a jump. ACL strain was measured during these tasks using a Differential Variance Resistance Transducer (DVRT). Ground Reaction Force and muscle forces were measured and monitored using AmCell load cells recorded using LabView software. One-inch and 6-inch jump landing heights were used for all the simulations. The tests were performed at differing angles of hip flexion and at two different ankle positions. Plantar flexion and flat-footed landing conditions were simulated and compared in all degrees of hip flexion. These tests were repeated with and without hip abduction in order to study the effects of these landing positioins on ACL strain. Hip flexion was found to effect ACL strain : as angle of hip flexion increases, ACL strain decreases. This occurred in both small-drop heights, while hip abducted and non-abducted hip positions. Ankle landing position had an effect only in small drop heights, while hip abduction had an effect in large drops. Future tests must be completed to further study these effects. These studies showed that the robotic system can simulate dynamic tasks, apply muscle forces, and move the casdaveric tissue in three dimensional biomechanical positions.

Download or read book One Anterior Cruciate Ligament injury is enough written by Anne Fältström and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a severe and common injury, and females have 2-4 times higher injury risk compared to men. Return to sport (RTS) is a common goal after an ACL reconstruction (ACLR), but only about two thirds of patients RTS. Young patients who RTS may have a 30-40 times increased risk of sustaining an additional ACL injury to the ipsi- or contralateral knee compared with an uninjured person. Aims: The overall aim of this thesis was to increase the knowledge about female football players with ACLR, and patients with bilateral ACL injuries, and to identify predictors for additional ipsi- and/or contralateral ACLR. Methods: This thesis comprises four studies. Study I and II were cross-sectional, including females who sustained a primary ACL rupture while playing football and underwent ACLR 6–36 months prior to study inclusion. In study I, 182 females were included at a median of 18 months (IQR 13) after ACLR. All players completed a battery of questionnaires. Ninety-four players (52%) returned to football and were playing at the time of completing the questionnaires, and 88 (48%) had not returned. In study II, 77 of the 94 active female football players (from study I) with an ACLR and 77 kneehealthy female football players were included. A battery of tests was used to assess postural control (the Star excursion balance test) and hop performance (the one-leg hop for distance, the five jump test and the side hop). Movement asymmetries in the lower limbs and trunk were assessed with the drop vertical jump and the tuck jump using two-dimensional analyses. Study III, was a cohort study including all patients with a primary ACLR (n=22,429) registered in the Swedish national ACL register between January 2005 and February 2013. Data extracted from the register to identify predictors for additional ACLR were: patient age at primary ACLR, sex, activity performed at the time of ACL injury, primary injury to the right- or left knee, time between injury and primary ACLR, presence of any concomitant injuries, graft type, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and Euroqol Index Five Dimensions measured pre-operatively. Study IV was cross-sectional. In this study, patient-reported knee function, quality of life and activity level in 66 patients with bilateral ACL injuries was investigated and outcomes were compared with 182 patients with unilateral ACLR. Results: Factors associated with returning to football in females were; short time between injury and ACLR (0–3 months, OR 5.6; 3–12 months OR 4.7 vs. reference group >12 months) and high motivation (study I). In all functional tests, the reconstructed and uninvolved limbs did not differ, and players with ACLR and controls differed only minimally. Nine to 49% of the players with ACLR and controls had side-to-side differences and movement asymmetries and only one fifth had results that met the recommended guidelines for successful outcome on all the different tests (study II). Main predictors for revision and contralateral ACLR were younger age (fourfold increased rate for <16 vs. >35-year-old patients), having ACLR early after the primary injury (two to threefold increased rate for ACLR within 3 months vs. >12 months), and incurring the primary injury while playing football (study III). Patients with bilateral ACL injuries reported poorer knee function and quality of life compared to those who had undergone unilateral ACLR. They had a high activity level before their first and second ACL injuries but an impaired activity level at follow-up after their second injury (study IV). Conclusions: Female football players who returned to football after an ACLR had high motivation and had undergone ACLR within one year after injury. Players with ACLR had similar functional performance to healthy controls. Movement asymmetries, which in previous studies have been associated with increased risk for primary and secondary ACL injury, occurred to a high degree in both groups. The rate of additional ACLR seemed to be increased in a selected group of young patients who desire to return to strenuous sports like football quickly after primary ACLR. Sustaining a contralateral ACL injury led to impaired knee function and activity level.

Download or read book Anterior Cruciate Ligament Biomechanics Computational Modeling of Mechanical Behavior and Injury Risk written by Bharadwaj Cheruvu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knee joint involves interactions from various structures such as cartilage, bone, muscles, ligaments, tendon, as well as neural control. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are one of the most frequent soft tissue injuries of the knee. A torn ACL leaves the joint unstable and at risk for further damage to other soft tissues manifested as pain, dislocation, and osteoarthritis. This injury is quite common in sports such as basketball, soccer and football. Females often tear their ACL 2-8 times more frequently than their male counterparts. An ACL injury can be devastating and significantly increases the athlete's risk for osteoarthritis long term. While many advances have been made in terms of surgical and rehabilitation treatments for ACL injured patients, long term outcome studies show that these patients are at a high risk for developing knee osteoarthritis 10-15 years after ACL injury, regardless of the treatment. Currently, the mechanism of non-contact ACL injury is not well understood. Therefore, the knowledge of the ACL biomechanics is of importance in various clinical scenarios, since it would be instrumental in its understanding of structure and function which are necessary to diagnose and prevent ACL injury. This dissertation further investigates four areas; demographic studies which relate anatomical features to ACL injury, computer aided diagnostic tools which can be used to diagnose a common complication with ACL injury, computational simulations of ACL biomechanics using representative gait data, and finally risk of injury assessments. Magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of 32 patients with ACL tears and 40 patients who did not have ACL tears were evaluated from a physician group practice. Digital measurements of femoral condyle length, femoral notch width, ACL width in the frontal and sagittal plane, and the ACL length in the sagittal plane were taken in both groups. Empirical data correlations were performed and trends identified. Similarly, a sample from the Fels gait data was a larger subset which consists of 178 healthy volunteers, out of which 99 were females and the remaining were males. Finite element (FE) analysis has become an increasingly popular technique in the study of human joint biomechanics, as it allows for detailed analysis of the joint/tissue behavior under complex, clinically relevant loading conditions. A wide variety of modeling techniques have been utilized to model knee joint ligaments. However, the effect of a selected constitutive model to simulate the ligaments on knee kinematics remains unclear. Computational knee joint models were based on patients’ medical images. Using a sample from Fels Longitudinal study, loads were determined from the gait profile of healthy volunteers and the stress distributions on the ACL were determined. The anatomical representation of the ligament make it feasible to determine stress distribution across the ligament which in turn provide valuable information about the mechanism of ligament injury. 3D anisotropic hyperelastic model was found to simulate physiological behavior of human knee. Females have significantly greater abduction angles (p

Download or read book ACL Injury and Its Treatment written by Mitsuo Ochi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-30 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents detailed information on surgically relevant anatomy and histology of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), biomechanics, diagnostics, and ACL reconstruction. In light of the growing body of evidence demonstrating the advantages of anatomic ACL reconstruction over traditional methods, there are also discussions of single anteromedial bundle reconstruction and anatomic ACL reconstruction with abundant descriptions of experimental and clinical studies. In addition, particular attention is given not only to techniques such as ACL augmentation, bone-patella tendon-bone reconstruction and computer-assisted navigation, but it also presents expert analysis of revision of ACL reconstruction, complications, and the future perspectives of ACL reconstruction. Edited by authoritative orthopedic surgeon from the Japanese Orthopaedic Society of Knee, Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine (JOSKAS), this book provides up-to-date information for orthopedic surgeons and physical therapists specializing in the ACL. The research evidence will broaden readers’ understanding and enable them to optimize outcomes for patients. As ACL rupture is a common injury especially for high-level athletes, it will also attract sports trainers and team physicians who are interested in a recent update on this field.

Download or read book Anterolateral Rotatory Instability in ACL Deficient Knee written by Andrea Ferretti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-18 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively discusses anterolateral rotatory instability in the ACL deficient knee, exploring anatomy, biomechanics, diagnostics, clinics, surgical techniques as well as short and long term outcomes. The author also offers an historical perspective ranging from the birth of modern anterior cruciate ligament surgery to the renewed global interest towards the role of secondary restraints and extra-articular reconstructions. Step-by-step guidance throughout each surgical technique further equips the reader to handle this complex condition. Covering all theoretical and practical aspects, as well as future perspectives, this book is a must-read for all orthopedic surgeons and sports physicians wanting to gain insights into this promising field.

Download or read book Anterior Cruciate Ligament Strain written by Thomas J. Withrow and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Strain Within the Anterior Cruciate and Medial Collateral Ligaments of the Human Knee Under Combination Loading written by Gregory Scott Berns and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book ACL Injuries in the Female Athlete written by Frank R. Noyes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-07 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This successful book, now in a revised and updated second edition, reviews all aspects of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes, with the focus on complete, noncontact ACL injuries. The opening section discusses anatomy and biomechanics and explains the short- and long-term impacts of complete ACL ruptures, including long-term muscle dysfunction and joint arthritis. Risk factors and possible causes of the higher noncontact ACL injury rates in female athletes compared with male athletes are then discussed in depth. Detailed attention is devoted to neuromuscular training programs and their effectiveness in reducing noncontact ACL injury rates in female athletes, as well as to sports-specific ACL injury prevention and conditioning programs of proven value. Rehabilitation programs after ACL injury and reconstruction that reduce the risk of a future injury are explored, and the concluding section looks at worldwide implementation of neuromuscular ACL injury prevention training and future research directions. The book will be of value to orthopedic surgeons, physical therapists, athletic trainers, sports medicine primary care physicians, and strength and conditioning specialists.

Download or read book Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries written by Gregory C. Fanelli, MD and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in a revised and expanded second edition including ten new chapters, this classic text on the diagnosis and management of posterior cruciate ligament injuries represents the state of the art. Comprehensive and used-friendly, the book covers PCL anatomy and biomechanics, diagnosis and evaluation, and both surgical and non-surgical treatment strategies. Surgical chapters discuss graft selection and open and arthroscopic techniques, including both primary and revision surgery and combined reconstruction with other knee ligaments. New chapters illustrate cutting-edge and advanced surgical techniques in reconstruction and primary repair, articular cartilage resurfacing and meniscus transplant in the PCL injured knee, mechanical graft tensioning, the role of osteotomy, treatment of PCL injuries in children, results of treatment and outcomes data in PCL injuries, clinical case studies, and the editor’s experience chapter based on 24 years of treating PCL injuries. Complications, bracing and rehabilitation round out the presentation. Written and edited by leaders in the management of injuries to the knee, this will be an invaluable text for orthopedic surgeons and sports medicine practitioners alike.

Download or read book Anatomic ACL Reconstruction An Issue of Clinics in Sports Medicine written by Freddie H. Fu and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-01-28 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Adult ACL world is constantly changing and is in need of continual updates; approximately 60,000-75,000 ACL reconstructions are performed annually in the United States. Dr. Freddie Fu just held a world-wide symposium on this topic and is considered the expert. In the Clinics survey sent in the fall of 2010, survey takers were most interested in seeing an issue on ACL repair and injury prevention.

Download or read book Viscoelastic Testing on the Medial Collateral Ligament written by Rittu V. Hingorani and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Dynamic Stability at Time of Release for Return to Sport written by Penny L. Head and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an elevated risk of a second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury following ACL reconstruction (ACLR), determining when an athlete can safely return to sport (RTS) is a challenging task for rehabilitation professionals. Lack of dynamic postural control has been associated with ACL injury and reinjury and should therefore be included in the assessment for readiness to RTS. The primary purpose of this investigation was to examine dynamic stability using the Dynamic Postural Stability Index (DPSI) in athletes following ACLR at the time of release for RTS compared to healthy, matched controls. A secondary purpose was to examine how dynamic postural stability is affected in athletes following ACLR when performing a jump-landing task in three different directions. We hypothesized that 1) athletes with ACLR would demonstrate decreased dynamic postural stability at time of release for RTS compared to matched controls, and 2) dynamic stability for athletes with ACLR would significantly differ among the three jump-landing tasks.