Download or read book Introduction to the Theory of X Ray and Electronic Spectra of Free Atoms written by Romas Karazija and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering both theory and applications, this important work provides a comprehensive introduction to the modern theory of X-ray and electronic spectra of free atoms. Romas Karazija discusses methods of angular momenta, irreducible tensorial operators, and coefficients of fractional parentage and their use in determining cross sections and probabilities of elementary processes. In addition, Karazija addresses the structure of electronic shells with inner vacancies and many-body effects.

Download or read book Introduction to the Theory of Collisions of Electrons with Atoms and Molecules written by S.P. Khare and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the collisions between micro particles is of great importance for the number of fields belonging to physics, chemistry, astrophysics, biophysics etc. The present book, a theory for electron-atom and molecule collisions is developed using non-relativistic quantum mechanics in a systematic and lucid manner. The scattering theory is an essential part of the quantum mechanics course of all universities. During the last 30 years, the author has lectured on the topics presented in this book (collisions physics, photon-atom collisions, electron-atom and electron-molecule collisions, "electron-photon delayed coincidence technique", etc.) at many institutions including Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, The University of Western Ontario, Canada, and The Meerut University, India. The present book is the outcome of those lectures and is written to serve as a textbook for post-graduate and pre-PhD students and as a reference book for researchers.

Download or read book Polarized Electron Polarized Photon Physics written by Hans Kleinpoppen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Science Research Committee of the U. K. ) suggested two Workshops (York University, 22-23 September, 1993 and 15-16 April, 1994) for possible development of polarized electron/photon physics as targeted areas of research. The remit of these meetings included identifying research groups and their activities in polarized electron/polarized photon physics, listing relevant existing facilities (particularly electron spin sources and polarimeters), possible joint projects between research groups in the U. K. , recognizing future needs of projects for research of the highest scientific merit and referring to international comparisons of these research activities. Although very diverse but interconnected, the areas of research presented at the Workshops embrace atomic, molecular, surface, and solid state physics. In more detail these areas covered: electron spin correlations and photon polarization correlations in atomic and molecular collisions and photoionization, electron spin effects in scanning tunneling microscopy, surface and interface magnetism from X-ray scattering and polarized Auger electrons (including analysis of domain structures in solids and surfaces), polarized electrons from multiphoton ionization, quasi-atomic effects in solid state physics, dichroism in molecular and surface processes, Faraday rotation and high-field magneto-optics and polarization effects in simultaneous higher order electron-photon excitations. It is obvious from the spectrum of research fields presented at the Workshops that physicists of primarily two communities, namely those studying electron and photon spin interactions with gaseous atomic and molecular targets and those using condensed matter targets for their studies, interacted very closely with each other.

Download or read book Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy written by Sune Svanberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide-ranging review of modern spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray, photoelectron, optical and laser spectroscopy, and related techniques. The book focuses on physical principles and the impact of spectroscopy on our understanding of the building blocks of matter, while examining applications to chemical analysis, photochemistry, surface characterization, environmental and medical diagnostics, remote sensing, and astrophysics. This Third Edition includes the most up-to-date developments.

Download or read book VUV and Soft X Ray Photoionization written by Uwe Becker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading investigators offer the first comprehensive study of gas phase photoionization research in the VUV and soft X-ray regime since the massive employment of synchrotron radiation as a spectroscopic tool. Chapters cover all aspects of photoionization phenomena from total cross sections to highly differentiated measurements such as coincidence experiments and spin-resolved electron spectroscopy. This work is abundant with illustrations.

Download or read book Theory of Electron Atom Collisions written by Philip G. Burke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors aim to hone the theory of electron-atom and electron-ion collisions by developing mathematical equations and comparing their results to the wealth of recent experimental data. This first of three parts focuses on potential scattering, and will serve as an introduction to many of the concepts covered in Parts II and III. As these processes occur in so many of the physical sciences, researchers in astrophysics, atmospheric physics, plasma physics, and laser physics will all benefit from the monograph.

Download or read book Photon and Electron Collisions with Atoms and Molecules written by Philip G. Burke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on photon and electron collisions with atomic and molecular targets and their ions has seen a rapid increase in interest, both experimentally and theoretically, in recent years. This is partly because these processes provide an ideal means of investigating the dynamics of many particle systems at a fundamental level and partly because their detailed understanding is required in many other fields, particularly astrophysics, plasma physics and controlled thermonuclear fusion, laser physics, atmospheric processes, isotope separation, radiation physics and chemistry and surface science. In recent years a number of important advances have been made, both on the experimental side and on the theoretical side. On the experimental side these include absolute measurements of cross sections, experiments using coincidence techniques, the use of polarised beams and targets, the development of very high energy resolution electron beams, the use of synchrotron radiation sources and ion storage rings, the study of laser assisted atomic collisions, the interaction of super-intense lasers with atoms and molecules and the increasing number of studies using positron beams.

Download or read book New Directions in Atomic Physics written by C.T. Whelan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last few years have seen some remarkable advances in the understanding of atomic phenomena. It is now possible to isolate atomic systems in traps, measure in coincidence the fragments of collision processes, routinely produce, and study multicharged ions. One can look at bulk matter in such a way that the fundamental atomic character is clearly evident and work has begun to tease out the properties of anti matter. The papers in this book reflect many aspects of modem Atomic Physics. They correspond to the invited talks at a conference dedicated to the study of "New Directions in Atomic Physics," which took place in Magdalene College, Cambridge in July of 1998. The meeting was designed as a way of taking stock of what has been achieved and, it was hoped, as a means of stimulating new research in new areas, along new lines. Consequently, an effort was made to touch on as many directions as we could in the four days of the meeting. We included some talks which overviewed whole subfields, as well as quite a large number of research contributions. There is a unity to Physics and we tried to avoid any artificial division between theory and experiment. We had roughly the same number of talks from those who are primarily concerned with making measurements, and from those who spend their lives trying to develop the theory to describe the experiments.

Download or read book Fundamental Electron Interactions with Plasma Processing Gases written by Loucas G. Christophorou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with the basic knowledge and understanding of fundamental interactions of low energy electrons with molecules. It pro vides an up-to-date and comprehensive account of the fundamental in teractions of low-energy electrons with molecules of current interest in modern technology, especially the semiconductor industry. The primary electron-molecule interaction processes of elastic and in elastic electron scattering, electron-impact ionization, electron-impact dissociation, and electron attachment are discussed, and state-of-the art authoritative data on the cross sections of these processes as well as on rate and transport coefficients are provided. This fundamental knowledge has been obtained by us over the last eight years through a critical review and comprehensive assessment of "all" available data on low-energy electron collisions with plasma processing gases which we conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Data from this work were originally published in the Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, and have been updated and expanded here. The fundamental electron-molecule interaction processes are discussed in Chapter 1. The cross sections and rate coefficients most often used to describe these interactions are defined in Chapter 2, where some recent advances in the methods employed for their measurement or calculation are outlined. The methodology we adopted for the critical evaluation, synthesis, and assessment of the existing data is described in Chapter 3. The critically assessed data and recommended or suggested cross sections and rate and transport coefficients for ten plasma etching gases are presented and discussed in Chapters 4, 5, and 6.

Download or read book Optical Astronomical Spectroscopy written by C.R. Kitchin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise introduction, Optical Astronomical Spectroscopy appeals to the newcomer of astronomical spectroscopy and assumes no previous specialist knowledge. Beginning from the physical background of spectroscopy with a clear explanation of energy levels and spectroscopic notation, the book proceeds to introduce the main techniques of optical spectroscopy and the range of instrumentation that is available. With clarity and directness, it then describes the applications of spectroscopy in modern astronomy, such as the solar system, stars, nebulae, the interstellar medium, and galaxies, giving an immediate appeal to beginners.

Download or read book Density Matrix Theory and Applications written by Karl Blum and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum mechanics has been mostly concerned with those states of systems that are represented by state vectors. In many cases, however, the system of interest is incompletely determined; for example, it may have no more than a certain probability of being in the precisely defined dynamical state characterized by a state vector. Because of this incomplete knowledge, a need for statistical averaging arises in the same sense as in classical physics. The density matrix was introduced by J. von Neumann in 1927 to describe statistical concepts in quantum mechanics. The main virtue of the density matrix is its analytical power in the construction of general formulas and in the proof of general theorems. The evaluation of averages and probabilities of the physical quantities characterizing a given system is extremely cumbersome without the use of density matrix techniques. The representation of quantum mechanical states by density matrices enables the maximum information available on the system to be expressed in a compact manner and hence avoids the introduction of unnecessary variables. The use of density matrix methods also has the advan tage of providing a uniform treatment of all quantum mechanical states, whether they are completely or incompletely known. Until recently the use of the density matrix method has been mainly restricted to statistical physics. In recent years, however, the application of the density matrix has been gaining more and more importance in many other fields of physics.

Download or read book Advances in Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1994-07-26 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest volume in the highly acclaimed series addresses atomic collisions, assessing the status of the current knowledge, identifying deficiencies, and exploring ways to improve the quality of cross-section data.Eleven articles, written by foremost experts, focus on cross-section determination by experiment or theory, on needs in selected applications, and on efforts toward the compilation and dissemination of data. This is the first volume edited under the additional direction of Herbert Walther. Presents absolute cross sections for atomic collisions Uses benchmark measurements and benchmark calculations Discusses needs for cross-section data in applications Contains a guide to data resources, bibliographies, and compendia

Download or read book Practical Spectroscopy of High Frequency Discharges written by Sergi Kazantsev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A uniquely practical book, this monograph is the first to describe basic and applied spectroscopic techniques for the study of physical processes in high frequency, electrodeless discharge lamps. Special attention is given to the construction and optimization of these lamps, a popular source of line spectra and an important tool in ultraprecise optical engineering. Highlights include discussions of: high precision measurements of gas pressures spectral source lifespan and more.

Download or read book Selected Topics on Electron Physics written by D. Murray Campbell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the spring of 1970 Peter Farago organised a three-day conference on Polarised Electron Beams at Carberry Tower, near Edinburgh. Although the development of the gallium arsenide source, which was to revolutionise the world of experimental polarised electron physics, was still some years in the future, the meeting provided an important forum for the exchange of ideas among theoreticians and experimentalists engaged in both high and low energy electron collision studies. As soon as the decision had been taken to hold the 5th European Conference on Atomic and Molecular Physics in Edinburgh in 1995, it occurred to the editors of the present volume that it would be highly appropriate to mark the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Carberry Tower Conference by organising an ECAMP satellite meeting in honour of Peter Farago. The opportunity to pay tribute to Peter's many important contributions in the broad field of electron physics attracted colleagues from allover the world to the symposium, which was held in the rooms of the Royal Society of Edinburgh on 31st March and 1st April 1995. Peter himself, now Professor Emeritus at the University of Edinburgh, was present throughout the meeting. We were particularly happy to welcome back to Edinburgh many participants in the original Carberry Tower conference; these included Professor P. G. Burke, Professor J. Kessler, Professor E. Reichert and Professor H. C. Siegmann, whose review papers had been highlights of the 1970 meeting.

Download or read book Supercomputing Collision Processes and Applications written by Kenneth L. Bell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Philip G. Burke, CBE, FRS formally retired on 30 September 1998. To recognise this occasion some of his colleagues, friends, and former students decided to hold a conference in his honour and to present this volume as a dedication to his enormous contribution to the theoretical atomic physics community. The conference and this volume of the invited talks reflect very closely those areas with which he has mostly been asso- ated and his influence internationally on the development of atomic physics coupled with a parallel growth in supercomputing. Phil’s wide range of interests include electron-atom/molecule collisions, scattering of photons and electrons by molecules adsorbed on surfaces, collisions involving oriented and chiral molecules, and the development of non-perturbative methods for studying multiphoton processes. His devel- ment of the theory associated with such processes has enabled important advances to be made in our understanding of the associated physics, the interpretation of experimental data, has been invaluable in application to fusion processes, and the study of astrophysical plasmas (observed by both ground- and space-based telescopes). We therefore offer this volume as our token of affection and respect to Philip G. Burke, with the hope that it may also fill a gap in the literature in these important fields.

Download or read book Complete Scattering Experiments written by Uwe Becker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hans Kleinpoppen Symposium on "Complete Scattering Experiments" th was held in honor of Hans Kleinpoppen’s 70 birthday. It took place in Il Ciocco, Italy. The symposium had two purposes: to present the work that Hans Kleinpoppen has done or initiated during his remarkable scientific career, and to bring people from various fields together who perform complete scattering experiments. Hans Kleinpoppen’s work included electron and photon impact experiments which were accompanied by studies of entangled states - a field of high current interest. Representatives from each of these fields gave excellent lectures on their particular subjects, and many discussions that started during the sessions were continued later in the relaxed atmosphere of the Il Ciocco resort. The breathtaking view of the beautiful landscape will be an unforg- table memory to all who participated in this extraordinary scientific event. The coherent and ideal combination of subject, people and location reflected the coherence of Hans Kleinpoppen’s aims and activities in science and life. We offer our grateful thanks to all contributers who made this volume such a worthy tribute to Hans Kleinpoppen. We also like to thank Rainer Hentges for the painstaking work to prepare this volume in its complete ready to print version. We are also grateful to the Royal Society of London and the Max– Planck–Gesellschaft who generous support of the Hans Kleinpoppen sym- sium made this marvelous meeting and this proceedings possible.

Download or read book Impact Spectropolarimetric Sensing written by Sergi Kazantsev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first presentation of the novel interdisciplinary optical remote sensing technique for various ionized diluted media, based on the collisional polarization of the spectoral emission. The book provides a methodology of the impact spectropolarimetic sensing of many solutions to many practical diagnostic problems.