Download or read book Introduction to Process Evaluation in Tobacco Use Prevention and Control written by U.s. Department of Health and Human Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use in the United States is the single most preventable cause of death and disease. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Office on Smoking and Health (CDC/OSH) created the National Tobacco Control Program (NTCP) to foster and support coordinated, nationwide, state-based activities to advance its mission to reduce disease, disability, and death related to tobacco use. CDC/OSH has identified four program goal areas: Preventing initiation of tobacco use among young people; Eliminating nonsmokers' exposure to secondhand smoke; Promoting quitting among adults and young people; and Identifying and eliminating tobacco-related disparities. To determine the effectiveness of NTCP programs, both their implementation and their outcomes must be measured. This manual is intended to provide process evaluation technical assistance to OSH staff, grantees and partners. It defines process evaluation and describes the rationale, benefits, key data collection components, and program evaluation management procedures. It also discusses how process evaluation links with outcome evaluation and fits within an overall approach to evaluating comprehensive tobacco control programs. Previous CDC initiatives have provided resources for designing outcome evaluations. This manual complements CDC's approach to outcome evaluation by focusing on process evaluation as a way to document and measure implementation of NTCP programs. The content of this manual reflects the priorities of CDC/OSH for program monitoring and evaluation, and augments two other CDC/OSH publications: Key Outcome Indicators for Evaluating Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs and Introduction to Program Evaluation for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs. This manual: Provides a framework for understanding the links between inputs, activities, and outputs and for assessing how these relate to outcomes; and Can assist state and federal program managers and evaluation staff with the design and implementation of process evaluations that will provide valid, reliable evidence of progress achieved through their tobacco control efforts.
Download or read book Introduction to Process Evaluation in Tobacco Use Prevention and Control written by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U.S.). Office on Smoking and Health and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Process Evaluation in Tobacco Use Prevention and Control written by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-04-28 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use in the United States is the single most preventable cause of death and disease.1 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Office on Smoking and Health (CDC/OSH) created the National Tobacco Control Program (NTCP) to foster and support coordinated, nationwide, state-based activities to advance its mission to reduce disease, disability, and death related to tobacco use.
Download or read book Introduction to Program Evaluation for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs written by Goldie MacDonald and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Program Evaluation for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs written by Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of death and disease in our society. Annually, in the United States, tobacco use causes more than 430,000 deaths. Direct medical costs related to smoking total at least $50 billion per year; lost productivity adds another $50 billion. Tobacco use is addictive: nearly 70% of smokers want to quit smoking, but only 2.5% are able to quit permanently each year. Most smokers start smoking as adolescents. One in three teenagers who are regular smokers will eventually die of smoking-related causes. Other tobacco products also have serious health consequences. Use of smokeless tobacco is associated with leukoplakia and oral cancer. There is also strong evidence of causal relationships between regular cigar use and cancers of the lungs, larynx, oral cavity, and esophagus. These consequences are of particular concern because in 1999, 15.3% of U.S. high school students smoked cigars and 6.6% used smokeless tobacco. The risks of tobacco use extend beyond the actual users. Nearly 9 of 10 nonsmoking Americans have been exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Exposure to ETS increases nonsmokers' risk for lung cancer and heart disease. Among children, ETS is also associated with serious respiratory problems, including asthma, pneumonia, and bronchitis. In addition, scientific evidence now links ETS with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and low birth weight. Tobacco control programs are designed ultimately to help reduce disease, disability, and death related to tobacco use. To determine the effectiveness of these programs, one must document and measure both their implementation and their effect. Program evaluation is a tool used to assess the implementation and outcomes of a program, to increase a program's efficiency and impact over time, and to demonstrate accountability. This document is a “how to” guide for planning and implementing evaluation activities. The manual reflects the priorities of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office on Smoking and Health (OSH), for program monitoring and evaluation. The purpose of this manual is to assist state tobacco control program managers and staff in the planning, design, implementation, and use of practical and increasingly comprehensive evaluations of tobacco control efforts. The strategy presented in this manual will aid those responsible for evaluation activities to demonstrate accountability to diverse stakeholders. In this case, accountability includes assessing and documenting the effectiveness of programs, measuring program outcomes, documenting implementation and cost effectiveness, and increasing the impact of programs.
Download or read book Introduction to Program Evaluation for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Key Outcome Indicators for Evaluating Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs written by Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If the United States were to meet the Healthy People 2010 goal of reducing smoking prevalence to 12% among adults and 16% among young people aged 14 through 17 years, more than 7 million premature deaths after 2010 could be prevented. Studies show that investing in state tobacco control programs and implementing effective tobacco control policies significantly reduces cigarette consumption and improves health outcomes. To continue funding state programs, however, legislators, policy makers, and other funders of state programs want to see evidence that the program is effective and that resources are being used wisely. To produce such evidence, state tobacco control programs must evaluate their programs. Good evaluation is the key to persuading policy makers that your program is producing results that will lead to improved health for the community. If good evaluation is key to proving that your program is effective, then selecting the right indicators to measure is key to a good evaluation. That's where this book will help. This publication is a companion to the 2001 publication Introduction to Program Evaluation for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs, which is based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Framework for Program Evaluation. In Introduction to Program Evaluation for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs, we discuss in detail the six steps of a good evaluation as they apply to tobacco prevention and control programs: 1. Engage stakeholders. 2. Describe the program. 3. Focus the evaluation. 4. Gather credible evidence. 5. Justify your conclusions. 6. Ensure evaluation findings are used and share lessons learned. This new publication provides information on selecting indicators and linking them to outcomes. In Introduction to Program Evaluation for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs, we described how to select indicators to measure program outcomes. We also gave examples of indicators and suggested sources of data on those indicators. This publication goes further. Here we discuss in detail 120 evidence-based key indicators that have been scientifically linked to program outcomes. We also document the evidence that shows the value of using these indicators to measure the progress of a state tobacco control program. To help you make informed choices about which indicators are most suitable for your program, we engaged a panel of experts in the field of tobacco control to rate each indicator on various criteria, including overall quality, resources needed, strength of evaluation evidence, utility, accepted practice, and face validity to policy makers. The ratings will help the reader decide, for example, which indicators can be measured within budget or which indicators are likely to carry the most weight with policy makers. In essence, this publication is a consumer's guide to tobacco control indicators for program managers and evaluators. In this publication we provide examples of data sources and survey questions that evaluators can use to gather data from their programs' target populations. We were particularly careful about our choice of example data sources and survey questions. Most come from commonly used state and national surveys and surveillance systems, and using them will allow managers and evaluators to compare their findings with data from other states and over time.
Download or read book Guide to Public Health Practice written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Best Practices for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs written by Terry F. Pechacek and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001-04 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of death & disease. Implementing comprehensive tobacco control programs (TCP) produces substantial reductions in tobacco use. States should establish TCP that are comprehensive, sustainable, & accountable. This document draws upon best practicesÓ determined by analyses of State TCP. This best practicesÓ address nine components of comprehensive TCP: community programs to reduce tobacco use; chronic disease programs to reduce the burden of tobacco-related diseases; school programs; enforcement; statewide programs; cessation programs; counter-marketing; surveillance & evaluation; & administration & management.
Download or read book Evaluating Assist written by Department of Health & Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-05-24 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this volume, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) presents the 17th monograph of the Tobacco Control Monograph series. This monograph documents the evaluation of a groundbreaking NCI program. The American Stop Smoking Intervention Study for Cancer Prevention, known as ASSIST, put into practice NCI's commitment to prevent and reduce tobacco use across all populations and age groups. ASSIST took evidenced-based interventions from controlled studies and implemented them in the larger community of 17 states. Its underlying rationale—that significant decreases in tobacco use could be realized only with interventions that changed the social environment such that smoking was non-normative—was a significant departure from previous tobacco control programs and in the vanguard of the “new” public health. Prior to ASSIST, few states addressed tobacco use at the population level. The ASSIST legacy remains today in the tobacco control professionals whose work continues to reduce the burden of disability and death caused by tobacco. ASSIST raised significant conceptual and practical challenges for its evaluation team. These challenges included context-dependent implementation and the diffusion of ASSIST and ASSIST-like interventions into non-ASSIST states. In addition, the evaluation did not begin until several years after ASSIST was implemented, and its budget was limited. What had been envisioned as a simple evaluation of a demonstration project became a complex evaluation effort that engaged a diverse group of scientists and practitioners and required numerous sources of data. The resulting evaluation successfully documented the effectiveness of ASSIST. It also validated the causal pathway described in NCI's 1991 Smoking and Tobacco Control Monograph 1: Strategies to Control Tobacco Use in the United States: A Blueprint for Public Health Action in the 1990's—that comprehensive interventions can change the social environment of tobacco use and subsequently result in decreased tobacco use. This monograph stands alone as a documentation of the ASSIST evaluation and describes the challenges met in evaluating a program that was influenced by numerous forces outside the program's control. However, this monograph may also be viewed as a companion to NCI Tobacco Control Monograph 16, which reviews the ASSIST program in detail. Together these two monographs provide a detailed history and evidence base that document the success of an NCI initiative that began with a series of research hypotheses, tested those hypotheses with community-based interventions, and ultimately fielded a demonstration program that fundamentally changed tobacco use prevention and control in the United States. This volume and several future volumes in the Tobacco Control Monograph Series have important implications for research, practice, and policy in tobacco control as well as in other areas of public health. Lessons learned from tobacco prevention and control can be applied to a variety of public health issues, including physical activity, diet and nutrition, overweight and obesity, and substance abuse. NCI is committed to disseminating this cross-cutting knowledge to the widest possible audience so that others can benefit from the experience of the tobacco prevention and control community. By so doing, NCI is increasing the evidence base for effective public health interventions and improving the translation of research to practice and policy.
Download or read book Assessment and Evaluation written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Download or read book Case Study written by Kansas. Tobacco Use Prevention Program. Tobacco Use Prevention Data and Evaluation Workgroup and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Combating Tobacco Use in Military and Veteran Populations written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-10-21 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The health and economic costs of tobacco use in military and veteran populations are high. In 2007, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD) requested that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) make recommendations on how to reduce tobacco initiation and encourage cessation in both military and veteran populations. In its 2009 report, Combating Tobacco in Military and Veteran Populations, the authoring committee concludes that to prevent tobacco initiation and encourage cessation, both DoD and VA should implement comprehensive tobacco-control programs.
Download or read book Methods for Evaluating Tobacco Control Policies written by IARC Working Group on Methods for Evaluating Tobacco Control Policies and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "Handbook" covers how the effects of a tobacco control policy are determined, the core constructs for understanding how and why a given policy works, the potential moderator variables to consider when evaluating a given policy and the data sources that might be useful for evaluation. The "Handbook" includes logic models outlining relevant constructs for evaluating the effectiveness of policies on tobacco taxation, smoke-free environments, tobacco product regulations, limits on tobacco marketing communications, product labeling, anti-tobacco public communication campaigns and tobacco use cessation interventions.
Download or read book A Process Evaluation of the Prevention Alliance for Tobacco Control and Health Coalition written by Alison M. Sipler and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Best Practices for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs August 1999 written by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U.S.). Office on Smoking and Health and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
