Download or read book Survey of Literature on Demand for Money written by Mr.Subramanian S. Sriram and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-05-01 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A stable money demand forms the cornerstone in formulating and conducting monetary policy. Consequently, numerous theoretical and empirical studies have been conducted in both industrial and developing countries to evaluate the determinants and the stability of the money demand function. This paper briefly reviews the theoretical work, tracing the contributions of several researchers beginning from the classical economists, and explains relevant empirical issues in modeling and estimating money demand functions. Notably, it summarizes the salient features of a number of recent studies that applied cointegration/error-correction models in the 1990s, and it features a bibliography to aid in research on demand for money.
Download or read book The Distributional Implications of the Impact of Fuel Price Increases on Inflation written by Mr. Kangni R Kpodar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-11-12 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the response of consumer price inflation to changes in domestic fuel prices, looking at the different categories of the overall consumer price index (CPI). We then combine household survey data with the CPI components to construct a CPI index for the poorest and richest income quintiles with the view to assess the distributional impact of the pass-through. To undertake this analysis, the paper provides an update to the Global Monthly Retail Fuel Price Database, expanding the product coverage to premium and regular fuels, the time dimension to December 2020, and the sample to 190 countries. Three key findings stand out. First, the response of inflation to gasoline price shocks is smaller, but more persistent and broad-based in developing economies than in advanced economies. Second, we show that past studies using crude oil prices instead of retail fuel prices to estimate the pass-through to inflation significantly underestimate it. Third, while the purchasing power of all households declines as fuel prices increase, the distributional impact is progressive. But the progressivity phases out within 6 months after the shock in advanced economies, whereas it persists beyond a year in developing countries.
Download or read book Redistribution Inequality and Growth written by Mr.Jonathan David Ostry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-02-17 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fund has recognized in recent years that one cannot separate issues of economic growth and stability on one hand and equality on the other. Indeed, there is a strong case for considering inequality and an inability to sustain economic growth as two sides of the same coin. Central to the Fund’s mandate is providing advice that will enable members’ economies to grow on a sustained basis. But the Fund has rightly been cautious about recommending the use of redistributive policies given that such policies may themselves undercut economic efficiency and the prospects for sustained growth (the so-called “leaky bucket” hypothesis written about by the famous Yale economist Arthur Okun in the 1970s). This SDN follows up the previous SDN on inequality and growth by focusing on the role of redistribution. It finds that, from the perspective of the best available macroeconomic data, there is not a lot of evidence that redistribution has in fact undercut economic growth (except in extreme cases). One should be careful not to assume therefore—as Okun and others have—that there is a big tradeoff between redistribution and growth. The best available macroeconomic data do not support such a conclusion.
Download or read book Some Aspects of Monetary Policy in Nepal written by Yub Raj Khatiwada and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Doing Business 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.
Download or read book Wealth Disposable Income and Consumption written by R. Tiff Macklem and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report develops a measure of aggregate private sector wealth in Canada that includes financial, physical, and human wealth, and examines the ability of this wealth measure to explain aggregate consumption. The relationship between consumption and wealth is explored both to gauge the usefulness of the wealth measures developed and to improve upon empirical consumption models for Canada. The study augments the standard EC consumption model with a comprehensive measure of wealth, thus partly bridging the gap between life cycle-permanent income consumption equations and the more empirically motivated EC consumption models based on disposable income.
Download or read book Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks in Low Income and Other Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-10-23 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, many low- and lower-middle income countries (LLMICs) have improved control over fiscal policy, liberalized and deepened financial markets, and stabilized inflation at moderate levels. Monetary policy frameworks that have helped achieve these ends are being challenged by continued financial development and increased exposure to global capital markets. Many policymakers aspire to move beyond the basics of stability to implement monetary policy frameworks that better anchor inflation and promote macroeconomic stability and growth. Many of these LLMICs are thus considering and implementing improvements to their monetary policy frameworks. The recent successes of some LLMICs and the experiences of emerging and advanced economies, both early in their policy modernization process and following the global financial crisis, are valuable in identifying desirable features of such frameworks. This paper draws on those lessons to provide guidance on key elements of effective monetary policy frameworks for LLMICs.
Download or read book Global Liquidity through the Lens of Monetary Aggregates written by Kyuil Chung and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-01-24 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines how the financial activities of non-financial corporates (NFCs) in international markets potentially affects domestic monetary aggregates and financial conditions. Monetary aggregates reflect, in part, the activities of NFCs, who channel capital market financing into the domestic banking system, thereby influencing funding conditions and credit availability. Periods of capital inflows are also those when the domestic currency is appreciating, and such periods of rapid exchange rate appreciation coincide with increases in the central bank’s foreign exchange reserves, increasing the stock of narrow money. The paper examines economic significance of cross-country panel data on monetary aggregates and other measures of non-core bank liabilities. Non-core liabilities that reflect the activities of NFCs reflect broad credit conditions and predict global trade and growth.
Download or read book Money Income Prices and Causality written by Danda Pani Paudel and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Macroeconomics written by D. N. Dwivedi and published by Tata McGraw-Hill Education. This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book stock market development and long run growth written by Ross Levine and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Divisia Monetary Aggregates and Economic Activities in Asian Developing Economies written by Muzafar Shah Habibullah and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-09 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999, this volume examines the role and effects of financial liberalisation in ten deregulated Asian developing countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan and Thailand. These areas experienced significant financial and economic changes between the ‘financially repressed economies’ of the 1970s through to the 1990s. Muzafar Shah Habibullah approaches this issue in two parts. Part 1 provides empirical evidence of relationships between monetary aggregates, nominal income and price level. In part 2, he offers an early attempt to evaluate the Divisia monetary aggregate as an alternative to the Simple-sum aggregate as an indicator for the financial and economic situation of Asian developing countries.
Download or read book The Flow of Funds in Nepal written by Raghab Dhoj Pant and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Macroeconomics written by Olivier Blanchard and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This print textbook is available for students to rent for their classes. The Pearson print rental program provides students with affordable access to learning materials, so they come to class ready to succeed. For intermediate courses in economics. A unified view of the latest macroeconomic events In Macroeconomics, Blanchard presents an integrated, global view of macroeconomics, enabling students to see the connections between goods markets, financial markets, and labor markets worldwide. Organized into two parts, the text contains a core section that focuses on short-, medium-, and long-run markets and two major extensions that offer more in-depth coverage of the issues at hand. From the major economic crisis that engulfed the world in the late 2000s, to monetary policy in the US, to the problems of the Euro area, and growth in China, the text helps students make sense not only of current macroeconomic events but also of those that may unfold in the future. Integrated, detailed boxes in the 8th Edition have been updated to convey the life of macroeconomics today, reinforce lessons from the models, and help students employ and develop their analytical and evaluative skills. Also available with MyLab Economics By combining trusted author content with digital tools and a flexible platform, MyLab personalizes the learning experience and improves results for each student.
Download or read book International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2001 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2001-09-17 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2001 Annual Report reviews economic developments in the world during FY2000. Output growth in emerging Asia picked up in 2000 as this region continued its recovery from the 1997–98 crisis. The pace of economic expansion, however, slowed from mid-2000, largely as a result of the U.S. slowdown, higher oil prices, a decline in regional equity markets, and, in some countries, concerns about delays of corporate and financial restructuring and a decline in electronics exports. The financial year 2001 saw the IMF actively engaged in the process of reform.
Download or read book IMF Staff Papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1963-01-01 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses effects of inflation on economic development. A mild inflation may well encourage little, or no, evasion of the “inflation tax.” On the other hand, a strong inflation, and frequently a mild one also, will lead to community reactions which have effects like those of widespread tax evasion. A development policy may have wider aims than the encouragement of a high level of investment. Inflation has two effects on the desire for liquidity, which are related to the two basic reasons why individuals and businesses wish to hold liquid assets—the speculative and precautionary motives. Inflation increases the value of effective liquidity, thereby raising the community's desire for it, but it makes the most generally accepted store of liquidity unacceptable sources of protection. The control of inflation is only one of the problems facing a government wishing to encourage rapid economic development. The fight against illiteracy, the reform of bureaucratic practices, the building of basic sanitary facilities for the eradication of endemic diseases, the substitution of competitive for monopolistic trade practices, the encouragement of a widespread spirit of entrepreneurship, and the creation of an adequate amount of social capital, may be important prerequisites for rapid growth.
Download or read book The Economics of Happiness written by Mark Anielski and published by New Society Publishers. This book was released on 2007-09-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of why our measures of economic progress do not reflect the values that make humans happy offers a new economic model, "Genuine Wealth," to redefine progress and measure the real determinants of well-being.
