Download or read book International Crimes in National Regulations of Selected States written by Patrycja Grzebyk and published by Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości. This book was released on with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis of national systems shows that states do not follow a single legislative model to govern criminal responsibility for international crimes at the national level, and often face doubts as to how far they are only expected to copy international constructions, and how far they should modify treaty or customary international law solutions to adapt them to their specific needs or legal culture. In the presented texts, the reader will find a range of commentaries on the definition of crimes, the rules of jurisdiction, the rules of responsibility, as well as difficulties in the framing of specific crimes within a judgement. The texts refer to the practice of national courts as well as international and internationalized courts. The authors of this publication hope that showing various national perspectives, political and – at times – cultural impacts on certain legal solutions will both facilitate understanding of the doubts as to the current form of international law norms and the system of international justice now in operation, and enable learning lessons for the future directions of amendments to national legislations, so that errors or difficulties once encountered in some countries could be turned into more robust legal constructions in others.

Download or read book The Responsibility of States for International Crimes written by Nina H. B. Jørgensen and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the concept of state responsibility for international crimes, which gained support following the First World War, but was pushed into the background by the development of the principle of individual criminal responsibility under international law after the Second World War. Jorgensen considers the history and merits of a concept that, it is argued, is currently on the threshold between lex ferenda and lex lata.

Download or read book Prosecuting International Crimes written by Robert Cryer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-06-30 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2005 book discusses the legitimacy of the international criminal law regime. It explains the development of the system of international criminal law enforcement in historical context, from antiquity through the Nuremberg and Tokyo Trials, to modern-day prosecutions of atrocities in the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Sierra Leone. The modern regime of prosecution of international crimes is evaluated with regard to international relations theory. The book then subjects that regime to critique on the basis of legitimacy and the rule of law, in particular selective enforcement, not only in relation to who is prosecuted, but also the definitions of crimes and principles of liability used when people are prosecuted. It concludes that although selective enforcement is not as powerful as a critique of international criminal law as it was previously, the creation of the International Criminal Court may also have narrowed the substantive rules of international criminal law.

Download or read book Importing Core International Crimes Into National Criminal Law written by Morten Bergsmo and published by Torkel Opsahl Academic Epublisher. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: States are obliged under treaties such as the Genocide Convention, the Geneva Conventions and the Torture Convention to enact legislation that gives effect in national criminal law to prohibitons in the treaties. The law and practice of international criminal jurisdictions provide that it is significant whether national prosecutions for conduct amounting to genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes can use the characterization of international crimes and not just ordinary crimes (such as murder). Several states have already imported these international crimes into national criminal law - for example, Canada and Germany. This publication is based on presentations made at a seminar organized by the Forum for International Criminal and Humanitarian Law (FICHL) on 27 October 2006 focused on particular challenges in the process to import such crimes into national law.

Download or read book The Relationship Between State and Individual Responsibility for International Crimes written by Béatrice I. Bonafè and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unique comparison between state and individual responsibility for international crimes and examines the theories that can explain the relationship between these two regimes. The study provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the relevant international practice from the standpoint of both international criminal law, and in particular the case law of international criminal tribunals, and state responsibility. The author shows the various connections and issues arising from the parallel establishment of state and individual responsibility for the commission of the same international crimes. These connections indicate a growing need to better co-ordinate these regimes of international responsibility. The author maintains that a general conception, according to which state and individual responsibility are two separate sets of secondary rules attached to the breach of the same primary norms, can help to solve the various issues relating to this dual responsibility. This conception of the complementarity between state and individual responsibility justifies co-ordination and consistent application of these two different regimes, each of which aims to foster compliance with the most important obligations owed to the international community as a whole.

Download or read book Crimes Against Humanity in International Criminal Law written by M. Cherif Bassiouni and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Responsibility for negation of international crimes written by Patrycja Grzebyk and published by Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości. This book was released on with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History is no longer the exclusive domain of historians, but is now often used as a tool for politics. It is not without reason that the term “state historical policy” has been coined, which must be a kind of aberration for those who believed that the role of history is to objectively determine the course of events. The fact is, however, that the distortion of historical facts, the concealment of crimes is now part of the “information war”. Therefore, new acts of public international law, EU law and national law are introduced in order to combat public condonation, denial or gross trivialisation of the core international crimes which are certain forms and expressions of racism and xenophobia. States have to determine for themselves how they understand “denial” or “gross trivialization”, which may lead to abuse. In many cases, when introducing criminal law provisions, States wish to decree historical truth, to establish once and for all the general facts and determine who was the victim, and who was the perpetrator. This does not have to be the result of bad will, but of a desire to exclude the possibility of nuance, which could turn into dangerous trivialisation. The aim of this publication is to specify the reasons for holding accountable for denial of international crimes, indicate legal obligations in this respect, look at the Polish case, both in terms of criminal provisions (partly repealed) and standards of a civil law nature, and compare the Polish regulation with the legal systems of other states, which were chosen because of the region (Central and Eastern Europe) or due to having current problems with denial of crimes or doubts about prosecution on this account.

Download or read book International Criminal Law written by M. P. W. Brouwers and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International criminal law is a body of international law designed to prohibit certain categories of conduct commonly viewed as serious atrocities and to make perpetrators of such conduct criminally accountable. Principally, it deals with genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, as well as the war of aggression. "Classical" international law governs the relationships, rights, and responsibilities of States, and, conversely, criminal law generally deals with prohibitions addressed to individuals. Penal sanctions for violation of those prohibitions are imposed by individual States. International criminal law comprises elements of both - although its sources are those of international law, its consequences are penal sanctions imposed on individuals. In this collection, all major regulations related to international criminal law are presented. The focus is not only on documents related to the International Criminal Court, ad hoc tribunals, and international operating courts, but the book also contains more practical national and regional regulations.

Download or read book International Cooperation in Dealing with International Crimes under International Criminal Law The Case of the Khmer Rouge Tribunal written by Sopheada Phy and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-04-22 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, grade: A, University for Peace (United Nations-mandated University for Peace), language: English, abstract: Traditional international law considered the sovereignty of state as the core principle and state cannot be interfered by other states or international community even though it is failed to protect its people. The modern international law developed when the Peace of Westphalia was signed in 1648. With this development, the principle of sovereignty of state has been gradually replaced with the principle of international community as every state more or less is dependent, particularly in terms of economics and politics, in order to survive in the world community. In this regard, each state came into agreement on trade, diplomacy and so on with the others. So each is bound by international law either treaty, customary international law, or other sources of international law. Regarding the international crimes under international criminal law such as genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes, most of the states more or less are bound by them, significantly under the 1948-Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 1968-Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity, and the 2002-Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC). Throughout the history, a number of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes happened, but only were four ad hoc tribunals right away created to prosecute the criminals before the ICC came into being in 2002. Those are the 1945-Nuremberg Tribunal, the 1946- Tokyo Tribunal, the 1993-International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, and the 1994-International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. However, such a thing was not undertaken in Cambodia after the Khmer Rouge regime collapse in 1979. The Khmer Rouge Tribunal is selected to study because it is the only tribunal established very late after the carelessness of the international community and the prolonged and often acrimonious cooperation and negotiation between the Cambodian government and the UN, unlike the others. [...]

Download or read book Domesticating International Criminal Law written by Florian Jeßberger and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-06-01 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an essential and critical overview of the most significant issues concerning the domestication of international criminal law, in particular with regard to the implementation of the ICC Statute. It discusses the most recent proposals for reform of the German Code of Crimes under International Law, the "Völkerstrafgesetzbuch", 20 years after its entering into force and introduces the project for an Italian code of international crimes drafted by the Committee of experts established in 2022 by the Ministry of Justice. Following the adoption of the ICC Statute, many States, including Germany with the "Völkerstrafgesetzbuch", introduced specific legislation to incorporate international criminal law into their domestic legal systems and a considerable number of them have been investigating and prosecuting war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, and even aggression ever since. Twenty-five years later, however, the process is not completed as other countries, like Italy, are still working on adopting provisions on international crimes. This book opens with a broad overview of the different approaches of the domestication of international criminal law, with a specific focus on the German and the Italian systems. After an assessment of the prerequisites for the domestic implementation of international criminal law, also from a constitutional law perspective, each chapter offers an in-depth analysis of a specific issue, such as: the definition of international crimes (genocide and crimes against humanity, war crimes and aggression); the applicability of and exceptions to the general principles of domestic criminal law; the regulation of individual criminal responsibility; sanctions and sentencing; as well as procedural aspects related to immunities, jurisdiction and prosecutorial discretion. The strong academic perspective of many authors is complemented by an equally strong practitioner perspective of the others, provided by legal scholars in the highest positions in international and national judicial institutions, resulting in a well-informed and critical appraisal of the most recent developments overall in the international criminal justice system. Domesticating International Criminal Law will be of great interest to legal scholars and students, as well as practitioners with an interest in comparative and international law, international criminal law and international relations.

Download or read book International Crime and Punishment written by Sienho Yee and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 2003 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume consists of research papers written under editor Sienho Yee's supervision at the University of Colorado School of Law. The papers address interesting and difficult issues relating to substantive international crimes and the international regimes of punishment. Issues discussed include the Rome Statute and the crystallization of the norm proscribing statutes of limitations for serious international crimes; acts of terrorism as crimes against humanity under the Rome Statute; the balance between military necessity and civilian immunity; juvenile death penalty under international law; the practical applications of Ne Bis in Idem; and the possible federalization of the crime of torture. This volume is of great value to scholars and practitioners in international law and international relations, international criminal law, and to N.G.O. advocates.

Download or read book Principles of International Criminal Law written by Gerhard Werle and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of International Criminal Law is one of the leading textbooks in the field. This third edition builds on the highly-successful work of the previous editions, setting out the general principles governing international crimes as well as the fundamentals of both substantive and procedural international criminal law.

Download or read book United States Code written by United States and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 1506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The United States Code is the official codification of the general and permanent laws of the United States of America. The Code was first published in 1926, and a new edition of the code has been published every six years since 1934. The 2012 edition of the Code incorporates laws enacted through the One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Second Session, the last of which was signed by the President on January 15, 2013. It does not include laws of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, enacted between January 2, 2013, the date it convened, and January 15, 2013. By statutory authority this edition may be cited "U.S.C. 2012 ed." As adopted in 1926, the Code established prima facie the general and permanent laws of the United States. The underlying statutes reprinted in the Code remained in effect and controlled over the Code in case of any discrepancy. In 1947, Congress began enacting individual titles of the Code into positive law. When a title is enacted into positive law, the underlying statutes are repealed and the title then becomes legal evidence of the law. Currently, 26 of the 51 titles in the Code have been so enacted. These are identified in the table of titles near the beginning of each volume. The Law Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives continues to prepare legislation pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 285b to enact the remainder of the Code, on a title-by-title basis, into positive law. The 2012 edition of the Code was prepared and published under the supervision of Ralph V. Seep, Law Revision Counsel. Grateful acknowledgment is made of the contributions by all who helped in this work, particularly the staffs of the Office of the Law Revision Counsel and the Government Printing Office"--Preface.

Download or read book International Criminal Justice Cooperation and fighting of male sexual crimes written by Dimitris Liakopoulos and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-04-01 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Document from the year 2019 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, Tufts University, language: English, abstract: The focus of this book is the analysis of male sexual crimes in international criminal justice. The first part of the present research work is focused on the legal analysis of the relevant articles of international criminal court's Statute regarding the obligation of cooperation between states for the punishment of serious crimes against humanity and war. Judicial development, starting with the ad hoc tribunals and arriving at causes at various stages of proceedings still ongoing in the International Criminal Court (ICC), opens doctrinal and comparative national debates especially in the case of lacking states cooperation, seeking to elaborate specific topics such as the obligation of states cooperation, requests for assistance during preliminary investigations,during inquires, and confidential information. Court assistance to states parties participating in the Statute, suspending the execution of a request, the role of the prosecutor and the non-assistance of some states impede the development and operation of international criminal justice. The second part has attempted to analyze sexual crimes and especially the crime of male rape.The jurisprudence of international criminal tribunals and the ICC have tried to qualify rapeeither as a crime of genocide in the form of serious and physical injuries, even if notnecessarily permanent (lett.b) Art.6 of the Rome Statute; or as a crime against humanity wherethere are elements of context and above all material elements that emerge from the defenitionsgiven by the ad hoc tribunals and the elements of crimes; or even as a war crime in case it isimplemented to that of sexual violence, according to a geneder specific relationship tospeciem. Judges through the jurisprudence have included in this context any conduct of asexual type of aggression to human dignity that does not consist in an act of penetration andthat does not involve physical contract. The contrasts are always open. Due to the lack ofdealing with a "particular" crime and difficult to prove it or testify before an internationalcourt. The indication on the level of gravity of the crime is necessary for the relevance ofsexual violence and rape as crimes against humanity that we will see in the coming years.

Download or read book States of Justice written by Oumar Ba and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-02 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book theorizes the ways in which states that are presumed to be weaker in the international system use the International Criminal Court (ICC) to advance their security and political interests. Ultimately, it contends that African states have managed to instrumentally and strategically use the international justice system to their advantage, a theoretical framework that challenges the “justice cascade” argument. The empirical work of this study focuses on four major themes around the intersection of power, states' interests, and the global governance of atrocity crimes: firstly, the strategic use of self-referrals to the ICC; secondly, complementarity between national and the international justice system; thirdly, the limits of state cooperation with international courts; and finally the use of international courts in domestic political conflicts. This book is valuable to students, scholars, and researchers who are interested in international relations, international criminal justice, peace and conflict studies, human rights, and African politics.

Download or read book State Sovereignty and International Criminal Law Versailles to Rome written by Jackson Maogoto and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-28 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative text is shows how there has been a concerted effort, since the end of World War I, to curb a state's power and freedom of action through the concept of international accountability to a set of recognized rules and norms. A state not only is to adhere to these rules but also can be sanctioned by an international penal process through enforcement of international criminal law. Adoption of the Rome Statute and the creation of the International Criminal Court are the culmination of many years of effort to challenge the power of state action. Scholars and students of international law with an interest in international criminal law will find this volume an interesting narrative of how the developments of international penal mechanisms of the 20th century have contributed to a diminution of state sovereignty. Published under the Transnational Publishers imprint.

Download or read book The Relationship Between the International Criminal Court and National Jurisdictions written by Jo Stigen and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principle of complementarity provides a framework as to when the Prosecutor of the ICC may and should interfere "vis-a-vis" national judicial systems. The principle acknowledges the primary right of states to prosecute while also recognising the need for international interference when states fail in this task. As formulated in the Rome Statute, however, it leaves complex questions unresolved. To mention a few: When is a national criminal proceeding really an attempt to shield the perpetrator? When can a national judicial system be characterised as unavailable? And when will an ICC prosecution serve the interests of justice? This book seeks to answer these and other related questions by interpreting the relevant provisions of the Rome Statute and discussing them in a broad context. The book also critically assesses policy considerations underlying the establishment of the ICC, including the implications of international criminal justice for achieving peace. It asks, "inter alia," whether the ICC should set aside an amnesty which a national truth commission has granted in an attempt to achieve a peaceful transition from tyranny to democracy.