Download or read book The International Commission on Mathematical Instruction 1908 2008 People Events and Challenges in Mathematics Education written by Fulvia Furinghetti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-30 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents the history of ICMI trough a prosopographical approach. In other words, it pays a lot of attention to the actors of the International movement. The portraits of the members of the ICMI Central Committees (1908-1936) and ICMI Executive Committees (1952-2008), and other eminent figures in ICMI history, who have passed away in the first 100 years of its life, are the guiding thread of the volume. Each portrait includes: · Biographical information · An outline of the various contributions made by the individual in question to the study of problems pertaining to mathematics teaching/education · Primary bibliography · Secondary with particular attention to the publications concerning the teaching of mathematics · Images: photos, book frontispieces, relevant manuscripts The authors of the portraits (30 altogether) are researchers in the history of mathematics, mathematics, and mathematics education. The focus on the officer’s role within ICMI and on his/her contributions to mathematics education, make the portraits different from usual biographies. In particular, since most officers were active mathematicians, the portraits shed light on aspects of their lesser-known activity. Connecting chapters place the action of these figures in the historical context and in the different phases of ICMI history.

Download or read book Algebraic Computability and Enumeration Models written by Cyrus F. Nourani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-02-24 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, Algebraic Computability and Enumeration Models: Recursion Theory and Descriptive Complexity, presents new techniques with functorial models to address important areas on pure mathematics and computability theory from the algebraic viewpoint. The reader is first introduced to categories and functorial models, with Kleene algebra examples

Download or read book Collected Papers Volume IX written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2022-05-10 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ninth volume of Collected Papers includes 87 papers comprising 982 pages on Neutrosophic Theory and its applications in Algebra, written between 2014-2022 by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 81 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 19 countries: E.O. Adeleke, A.A.A. Agboola, Ahmed B. Al-Nafee, Ahmed Mostafa Khalil, Akbar Rezaei, S.A. Akinleye, Ali Hassan, Mumtaz Ali, Rajab Ali Borzooei , Assia Bakali, Cenap Özel, Victor Christianto, Chunxin Bo, Rakhal Das, Bijan Davvaz, R. Dhavaseelan, B. Elavarasan, Fahad Alsharari, T. Gharibah, Hina Gulzar, Hashem Bordbar, Le Hoang Son, Emmanuel Ilojide, Tèmítópé Gbóláhàn Jaíyéolá, M. Karthika, Ilanthenral Kandasamy, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Huma Khan, Madad Khan, Mohsin Khan, Hee Sik Kim, Seon Jeong Kim, Valeri Kromov, R. M. Latif, Madeleine Al-Tahan, Mehmat Ali Ozturk, Minghao Hu, S. Mirvakili, Mohammad Abobala, Mohammad Hamidi, Mohammed Abdel-Sattar, Mohammed A. Al Shumrani, Mohamed Talea, Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Aslam Malik, Muhammad Gulistan, Muhammad Shabir, G. Muhiuddin, Memudu Olaposi Olatinwo, Osman Anis, Choonkil Park, M. Parimala, Ping Li, K. Porselvi, D. Preethi, S. Rajareega, N. Rajesh, Udhayakumar Ramalingam, Riad K. Al-Hamido, Yaser Saber, Arsham Borumand Saeid, Saeid Jafari, Said Broumi, A.A. Salama, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Songtao Shao, Seok-Zun Song, Tahsin Oner, M. Mohseni Takallo, Binod Chandra Tripathy, Tugce Katican, J. Vimala, Xiaohong Zhang, Xiaoyan Mao, Xiaoying Wu, Xingliang Liang, Xin Zhou, Yingcang Ma, Young Bae Jun, Juanjuan Zhang.

Download or read book Complexities written by Bettye Anne Case and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-31 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sophie Germain taught herself mathematics by candlelight, huddled in her bedclothes. Ada Byron Lovelace anticipated aspects of general-purpose digital computing by more than a century. Cora Ratto de Sadosky advanced messages of tolerance and equality while sharing her mathematical talents with generations of students. This captivating book gives voice to women mathematicians from the late eighteenth century through to the present day. It documents the complex nature of the conditions women around the world have faced--and continue to face--while pursuing their careers in mathematics. The stories of the three women above and those of many more appear here, each one enlightening and inspiring. The earlier parts of the book provide historical context and perspective, beginning with excursions into the lives of fifteen women born before 1920. Included are histories of collective efforts to improve women's opportunities in research mathematics. In addition, a photo essay puts a human face on the subject as it illustrates women's contributions in professional associations. More than eighty women from academe, government, and the private sector provide a rich mélange of insights and strategies for creating workable career paths while maintaining rewarding personal lives. The book discusses related social and cultural issues, and includes a summary of recent comparative data relating to women and men in mathematics and women from other sciences. First-person accounts provide explicit how-tos; many narratives demonstrate great determination and perseverance. Talented women vividly portray their pleasure in discovering new mathematics. The senior among them speak out candidly, interweaving their mathematics with autobiographical detail. At the beginning of a new century, women at all stages of their careers share their outlooks and experiences. Clear, engaging, and meticulously researched, Complexities will inspire young women who are contemplating careers in mathematics and will speak to women in many fields of endeavor and walks of life.

Download or read book Mathematicians of the World Unite written by Guillermo Curbera and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-02-23 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This vividly illustrated history of the International Congress of Mathematicians- a meeting of mathematicians from around the world held roughly every four years- acts as a visual history of the 25 congresses held between 1897 and 2006, as well as a story of changes in the culture of mathematics over the past century. Because the congress is an int

Download or read book The Legacy of Niels Henrik Abel written by Olav Arnfinn Laudal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique series of fascinating research papers on subjects related to the work of Niels Henrik Abel, written by some of the foremost specialists in their fields. Some of the authors have been specifically invited to present papers, discussing the influence of Abel in a mathematical-historical context. Others have submitted papers presented at the Abel Bicentennial Conference, Oslo June 3-8, 2002. The idea behind the book has been to produce a text covering a substantial part of the legacy of Abel, as perceived at the beginning of the 21st century.

Download or read book Introduction to NeutroAlgebraic Structures and AntiAlgebraic Structures revisited written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In all classical algebraic structures, the Laws of Compositions on a given set are well-defined. But this is a restrictive case, because there are many more situations in science and in any domain of knowledge when a law of composition defined on a set may be only partially-defined (or partially true) and partially-undefined (or partially false), that we call NeutroDefined, or totally undefined (totally false) that we call AntiDefined. Again, in all classical algebraic structures, the Axioms (Associativity, Commutativity, etc.) defined on a set are totally true, but it is again a restrictive case, because similarly there are numerous situations in science and in any domain of knowledge when an Axiom defined on a set may be only partially-true (and partially-false), that we call NeutroAxiom, or totally false that we call AntiAxiom. Therefore, we open for the first time in 2019 new fields of research called NeutroStructures and AntiStructures respectively.

Download or read book Bifurcation and Chaos in Complex Systems written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-06-30 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents the recent achievements on bifurcation studies of nonlinear dynamical systems. The contributing authors of the book are all distinguished researchers in this interesting subject area. The first two chapters deal with the fundamental theoretical issues of bifurcation analysis in smooth and non-smooth dynamical systems. The cell mapping methods are presented for global bifurcations in stochastic and deterministic, nonlinear dynamical systems in the third chapter. The fourth chapter studies bifurcations and chaos in time-varying, parametrically excited nonlinear dynamical systems. The fifth chapter presents bifurcation analyses of modal interactions in distributed, nonlinear, dynamical systems of circular thin von Karman plates. The theories, methods and results presented in this book are of great interest to scientists and engineers in a wide range of disciplines. This book can be adopted as references for mathematicians, scientists, engineers and graduate students conducting research in nonlinear dynamical systems.· New Views for Difficult Problems· Novel Ideas and Concepts · Hilbert's 16th Problem· Normal Forms in Polynomial Hamiltonian Systems · Grazing Flow in Non-smooth Dynamical Systems· Stochastic and Fuzzy Nonlinear Dynamical Systems· Fuzzy Bifurcation· Parametrical, Nonlinear Systems· Mode Interactions in nonlinear dynamical systems

Download or read book Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Vol VIII written by Florentin Smarandache, Mumtaz Ali and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of ten papers by contributors F. Smarandache, F. Yuhua, K. Mondal, S. Pramanik, S. Broumi, J. Ye, A. A. Salama,, N. Easa, S. A. Elhafez, M. M. Lotfy, L. Kong, Y. Wu, P. Biswas, B. C. Giri, A. Mukkerjee, and S. Sarkar, focusing on a new kind of algebraic structures called (T, I, F)- Neutrosophic Structures; Expanding Uncertainty Principle to Certainty-Uncertainty Principles with Neutrosophy and Quad-stage Methods; Rough Neutrosophic Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Based on Rough Accuracy Score Function; an Extended TOPSIS Method for Multiple Attribute Decision Making based on Interval Neutrosophic Uncertain Linguistic Variable; Review of Recommender Systems Algorithms Utilized in Social Networks based e-Learning Systems & Neutrosophic System; Fault Diagnosis Method of Gasoline Engines Using the Cosine Similarity Measure of Neutrosophic Numbers; Cosine Similarity Measure Based Multi-attribute Decision-making with Trapezoidal Fuzzy Neutrosophic Numbers; Thesis-Antithesis-Neutrothesis, and Neutrosynthesis; Negating Four Color Theorem with Neutrosophy and Quadstage Method; and A new method of measuring similarity between two neutrosophic soft sets and its application in pattern recognition problems.

Download or read book Neutrosophic Sets and Systems vol 8 2015 written by L. Kong and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, such as the neutrosophic structures developed in algebra, geometry, topology, etc.

Download or read book Unfolding the Labyrinth Open Problems in Physics Mathematics Astrophysics and other areas of science written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout this book, we discuss some open problems in various branches of science, including mathematics, theoretical physics, astrophysics, geophysics etc. It is of our hope that some of the problems discussed in this book will find their place either in theoretical exploration or further experiments, while some parts of these problems may be found useful for scholarly stimulation.The present book is also intended for young physics and mathematics fellows who will perhaps find the unsolved problems described here are at least worth pondering. If this book provides only a few highlights of plausible solutions, it is merely to keep the fun of readers in discovering the answers by themselves. Bon voyage!

Download or read book Introduction to Finite and Infinite Dimensional Lie Super algebras written by Neelacanta Sthanumoorthy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lie superalgebras are a natural generalization of Lie algebras, having applications in geometry, number theory, gauge field theory, and string theory. Introduction to Finite and Infinite Dimensional Lie Algebras and Superalgebras introduces the theory of Lie superalgebras, their algebras, and their representations. The material covered ranges from basic definitions of Lie groups to the classification of finite-dimensional representations of semi-simple Lie algebras. While discussing all classes of finite and infinite dimensional Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras in terms of their different classes of root systems, the book focuses on Kac-Moody algebras. With numerous exercises and worked examples, it is ideal for graduate courses on Lie groups and Lie algebras. - Discusses the fundamental structure and all root relationships of Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras and their finite and infinite dimensional representation theory - Closely describes BKM Lie superalgebras, their different classes of imaginary root systems, their complete classifications, root-supermultiplicities, and related combinatorial identities - Includes numerous tables of the properties of individual Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras - Focuses on Kac-Moody algebras

Download or read book Mathematical Physics with Differential Equations written by Yisong Yang and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-07-27 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional literature in mathematical physics is clustered around classical mechanics, especially fluids and elasticity. This book reflects the modern development of theoretical physics in the areas of field theories: classical, quantum, and gravitational, in which differential equations play essential roles and offer powerful insight. Yang here presents a broad range of fundamental topics in theoretical and mathematical physics based on the viewpoint of differential equations. The subject areas covered include classical and quantum many-body problems, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, magnetic monopoles, special relativity, gauge field theories, general relativity, superconductivity, vortices and other topological solitons, and canonical quantization of fields, for which knowledge and use of linear and nonlinear differential equations are essential for comprehension. Much emphasis is given to the mathematical and physical content offering an appreciation of the interplay of mathematics and theoretical physics from the viewpoint of differential equations. Advanced methods and techniques of modern nonlinear functional analysis are kept to a minimum and each chapter is supplemented with a collection of exercises of varied depths making it an ideal resource for students and researchers alike.

Download or read book A Functorial Model Theory written by Cyrus F. Nourani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to a functorial model theory based on infinitary language categories. The author introduces the properties and foundation of these categories before developing a model theory for functors starting with a countable fragment of an infinitary language. He also presents a new technique for generating generic models with categories by inventing infinite language categories and functorial model theory. In addition, the book covers string models, limit models, and functorial models.

Download or read book Symbolic Neutrosophic Theory written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2015-10-14 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symbolic (or Literal) Neutrosophic Theory is referring to the use of abstract symbols (i.e. the letters T, I, F, or their refined indexed letters Tj, Ik, Fl) in neutrosophics. In the first chapter we extend the dialectical triad thesis-antithesis-synthesis (dynamics of and , to get a synthesis) to the neutrosophic tetrad thesis-antithesis-neutrothesis-neutrosynthesis (dynamics of , , and , in order to get a neutrosynthesis). In the second chapter we introduce the neutrosophic system and neutrosophic dynamic system. A neutrosophic system is a quasi- or (t,i,f)–classical system, in the sense that the neutrosophic system deals with quasi-terms/concepts/attributes, etc. [or (t,i,f)-terms/concepts/attributes], which are approximations of the classical terms/concepts/attributes, i.e. they are partially true/membership/probable (t), partially indeterminate (i), and partially false/nonmembership/improbable (f), where t, i, f are subsets of the unitary interval [0, 1]. In the third chapter we introduce for the first time the notions of Neutrosophic Axiom, Neutrosophic Deducibility, Neutrosophic Axiomatic System, Degree of Contradiction (Dissimilarity) of Two Neutrosophic Axioms, etc. The fourth chapter we introduced for the first time a new type of structures, called (t, i, f)-Neutrosophic Structures, presented from a neutrosophic logic perspective, and we showed particular cases of such structures in geometry and in algebra. In any field of knowledge, each structure is composed from two parts: a space, and a set of axioms (or laws) acting (governing) on it. If the space, or at least one of its axioms (laws), has some indeterminacy of the form (t, i, f) ≠ (1, 0, 0), that structure is a (t, i, f)-Neutrosophic Structure. In the fifth chapter we make a short history of: the neutrosophic set, neutrosophic numerical components and neutrosophic literal components, neutrosophic numbers, etc. The aim of this chapter is to construct examples of splitting the literal indeterminacy (I) into literal sub-indeterminacies (I1,I2,…,Ir), and to define a multiplication law of these literal sub-indeterminacies in order to be able to build refined I-neutrosophic algebraic structures. In the sixth chapter we define for the first time three neutrosophic actions and their properties. We then introduce the prevalence order on (T, I, F) with respect to a given neutrosophic operator "o", which may be subjective - as defined by the neutrosophic experts. And the refinement of neutrosophic entities , , and . Then we extend the classical logical operators to neutrosophic literal (symbolic) logical operators and to refined literal (symbolic) logical operators, and we define the refinement neutrosophic literal (symbolic) space. In the seventh chapter we introduce for the first time the neutrosophic quadruple numbers (of the form a+bT+cI+dF) and the refined neutrosophic quadruple numbers. Then we define an absorbance law, based on a prevalence order, both of them in order to multiply the neutrosophic components T, I, F or their sub-components T_j, I_k, F_l and thus to construct the multiplication of neutrosophic quadruple numbers.

Download or read book Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Vol 31 2020 written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, such as the neutrosophic structures developed in algebra, geometry, topology, etc.

Download or read book Graduate Textbook of Mathematics Smarandache Multi Space Theory second edition written by Linfan Mao and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Smarandache multi-space is a union of n different spaces equippedwith different structures for an integer n 2, which can be used for systems both innature or human beings. This textbook introduces Smarandache multi-spaces such asthose of algebraic multi-spaces, including graph multi-spaces, multi-groups, multi-rings,multi-fields, vector multi-spaces, geometrical multi-spaces, particularly map geometrywith or without boundary, pseudo-Euclidean geometry on Rn, combinatorial Euclideanspaces, combinatorial manifolds, topological groups and topological multi-groups, combinatorialmetric spaces, ¿ ¿ ¿, etc. and applications of Smarandache multi-spaces, particularlyto physics, economy and epidemiology. In fact, Smarandache multi-spacesunderlying graphs are an important systematically notion for scientific research in 21stcentury. This book can be applicable for graduate students in combinatorics, topologicalgraphs, Smarandache geometry, physics and macro-economy as a textbook.