Download or read book Interim Report According to Article 6 3 a of Directive 94 62 EC on Packaging Ang Packaging Waste written by Commission of the European Communities and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interim Report According to Article 6 3 a of Directive 94 62 EC on Packaging and Packaging Waste written by Commission of the European Communities and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book COM 99 596 Final written by European Commission and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual Survey on the Implementation and Enforcement of Community Environmental Law written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Costs and Benefits for the Achievement of Reuse and Recycling Targets for the Different Packaging Materials in the Frame of the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive 94 62 EC written by European Commission. Directorate-General for the Environment and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effectiveness of the Essential Requirements for Packaging and Packaging Waste and Proposals for Reinforcement written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Essential Requirements, which all packaging placed on the EU market needs to comply with, were first introduced in the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive (PPWD - Directive 94/62/EC), as defined in Article 9 and Annex II. They relate to the manufacturing and composition of packaging, the reusable/ recoverable nature of packaging and hazardous materials to be minimised in packaging. These requirements, and the associated harmonised standards, have not changed substantially since their introduction, and previous studies have identified the Essential Requirements as potentially requiring further attention to improve packaging design, particularly in relation to the lack of recyclability of many packaging formats. In addition, the policy landscape has evolved significantly since the PPWD first established the Requirements; the 2018 revision of the PPWD included, in addition to a revision of the recycling targets for packaging waste, a mandate for the Commission to examine "the feasibility of reinforcing the essential requirements with a view to, inter alia, improving design for reuse and promoting high quality recycling, as well as strengthening their enforcement." This study supported the European Commission's review of the effectiveness and shortcomings of the Essential Requirements, identifying potential measures for their reinforcement, and conducting a preliminary assessment of the likely impacts of these.
Download or read book Effectiveness of Packaging Waste Management Systems in Selected Countries written by European Environment Agency and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Packaging waste is an important and growing waste stream. The amended Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive has recently been adopted, and work is underway to develop EU thematic strategies on waste prevention and recycling and on the sustainable use and management of natural resources. The Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive (hereafter: packaging directive) is one of the few environmentally-related directives to contain directly measurable, quantitative targets. It has now been in place for ten years and this is an opportune time to take stock of this important policy area. The EEA has conducted a pilot study of the effectiveness of packaging waste management systems in five EU Member States with the aim of gaining practical and concrete experience of ex-post policy effectiveness evaluation, and to track progress in this policy area.
Download or read book Bulletin of the European Union written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Eco balances for Policy Making in the Domain of Packaging and Packaging Waste written by Coopers & Lybrand and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was triggered by Article 10 of the packaging directive (94/62/EC) which states that the Commission shall promote, in particular, the preparation of European standards relating to, among others, criteria and methodologies for life cycle analysis of packaging.
Download or read book Assessment of Options for Reinforcing the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive s Essential Requirements and Other Measures to Reduce the Generation of Packaging Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Essential Requirements, which all packaging placed on the EU market needs to comply with, were first introduced in the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive (PPWD - Directive 94/62/EC), as defined in Article 9 and Annex II. These requirements, and the associated harmonised standards, have not changed substantially since their introduction, and previous studies have identified the Essential Requirements as potentially requiring further attention to improve packaging design, particularly in relation to the lack of recyclability of many packaging formats. In addition, the policy landscape has evolved significantly since the PPWD first established the Requirements; the 2018 revision of the PPWD included, in addition to a revision of the recycling targets for packaging waste, a mandate for the Commission to examine "the feasibility of reinforcing the essential requirements with a view to, inter alia, improving design for reuse and promoting high quality recycling, as well as strengthening their enforcement." This study carried out an impact assessment of different options available to reinforce the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive's Essential Requirements, and other measures to reduce the generation of packaging waste to transition to a low-carbon and circular economy.
Download or read book European Environmental Law Annual written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Packaging and Packaging Waste An Update Report Report with Evidence 33rd Report of Session written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. European Union Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2004 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In its report published in August 2002 (HLP 166, session 2001-02; ISBN 010413402X), the Committee raised concerns as to whether the UK packaging industry would be able to reach the proposed EU targets for the recovery and recycling of packaging and packaging waste by the then implementation date of 2006. The proposals have now been adopted under EU Directive 2004/12/EC with revised targets for 2008, and brought into effect in the UK under S.I. 2003/3294. The Committee's report updates their assessment of the matter by examining the actions taken by the Government over the past two years to ensure that the UK packaging industry will meet the revised targets. The report considers a range of issues including: assurances by DEFRA that the interim targets set for the UK packaging industry will enable the revised targets to be met; the quality of data availability; compliance schemes; the 'de minimis' rule; the impact in increased exports of waste; packaging recovery notes (PRN) and packaging export recovery notes (PERN); and the role of local authorities.
Download or read book Official Journal of the European Communities written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Packaging Europe written by Thierry Demey and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Implementation of Directive 94 62 EC on Packaging and Packaging Waste on and Its Impact on the Environment as Well as on the Functioning of the Internal Market written by Commission of the European Communities and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liability and Environment written by Lucas Bergkamp and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liability and Environment analyzes the role of law, in particular civil liability, in controlling environmental pollution and risk. In modern environmental policy, liability has become a popular instrument. In this book, Prof. Bergkamp takes a fresh look at civil liability for environmental harm in an inter- and transnational context. Over the last decade, industry's liability exposure for environmental harm has expanded significantly. At the international, EC, and national level proposals for onerous strict environmental liability regimes are pending. The `polluter pays principle', which is an articulation of the `cost internalization' theory in the environmental area, is believed to justify such liability regimes. Applying an instrumental approach to legal instruments, Prof. Bergkamp aims to redefine the role of liability in the heavily regulated environmental area. He shows that liability for environmental harm is not justified by the polluter pays principle, is an uncertain and unreliable instrument for achieving prevention, results in an inefficient insurance scheme, and plays a dubious role in adjusting activity levels. Based on an analysis of the basic characteristics of alternative legal instruments, Prof. Bergkamp concludes that civil liability should play a more modest, limited role in an environmental law system dominated by public law. Where deterrence is not the objective, first party insurance, compensation funds, or other public law regimes should be preferred over liability rules. In addition to civil liability of private parties, Liability and Environment discusses State liability under international, EC, and national law. Under international law, breach of a primary obligation triggers a State's liability. Prof. Bergkamp argues that this rule should be applied also to liability of private parties. In the environmental area, a business' primary obligations are spelled out in detailed permit conditions, regulations, and statutes. According to Prof. Bergkamp, only if a primary obligation is breached, a private person should be liable for environmental harm. The system that Bergkamp advocates is an objective fault liability regime, in which public environmental law defines the standard of care for both government and industry. "In rebuilding our civil liability system, we should keep in mind that what is good for industry should be good for everyone (or it is not good for anyone), we should keep in mind that what is good for private parties should be good for the state (or it is not good for either). In rebuilding our civil liability system, the international law of State responsibility, which is unpolluted by risk spreading and activity level considerations, will guide us a long way." This book is aimed at advanced law students, academic scholars, and practitioners. In addition, it will be of interest to policy and legislative analysts, legislators, and government officials. Professor Bergkamp's book cannot be described as "solving" the problems of legal and regulatory control of environmental harm, whether within a nation or internationally. As suggested before, however, the very idea of a "solution" is illusory. All legal and regulatory regimes around the world are today and will remain for the future in a state of perpetually continuing development. The virtue of this fine book is that it moves the process of that development forward by a very substantial measure. from the Foreword by George L. Priest.
Download or read book Reports of Cases Before the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
