Download or read book Integrated Warm Gas Multicontaminant Cleanup Technologies for Coal Derived Syngas written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the key obstacles for the introduction of commercial gasification technology for the production of power with Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plants or the production of value added chemicals, transportation fuels, and hydrogen has been the cost of these systems. This situation is particularly challenging because the United States has ample coal resources available as raw materials and effective use of these raw materials could help us meet our energy and transportation fuel needs while significantly reducing our need to import oil. One component of the cost of these systems that faces strong challenges for continuous improvement is removing the undesirable components present in the syngas. The need to limit the increase in cost of electricity to
Download or read book Development of an Integrated Multi Contaminant Removal Process Applied to Warm Syngas Cleanup for Coal Based Advanced Gasification Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project met the objective to further the development of an integrated multi-contaminant removal process in which H2S, NH3, HCl and heavy metals including Hg, As, Se and Cd present in the coal-derived syngas can be removed to specified levels in a single/integrated process step. The process supports the mission and goals of the Department of Energy's Gasification Technologies Program, namely to enhance the performance of gasification systems, thus enabling U.S. industry to improve the competitiveness of gasification-based processes. The gasification program will reduce equipment costs, improve process environmental performance, and increase process reliability and flexibility. Two sulfur conversion concepts were tested in the laboratory under this project, i.e., the solventbased, high-pressure University of California Sulfur Recovery Process High Pressure (UCSRP-HP) and the catalytic-based, direct oxidation (DO) section of the CrystaSulf-DO process. Each process required a polishing unit to meet the ultra-clean sulfur content goals of
Download or read book Dry Syngas Purification Processes for Coal Gasification Systems written by Makoto Kobayashi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-10-18 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dry Syngas Purification Processes for Coal Gasification Systems illustrates the promising development status of dry syngas purification for various power generation systems based on coal gasification. The core advantages of dry syngas purification, methodologies for impurity measurement, sorbents development, and evaluation of process performance are described in-depth, and from a practical perspective that is based on current research and development. Reviewing key findings from process integration, the book encompasses scale-up strategies from pilot processes to achieve dry syngas processing for new build plants. The book provides researchers and engineers with practical information to realize dry syngas purification processes for each context. Delivers pathways to realize dry syngas purification processes customized to specific power plant contexts Provides analytical tools to facilitate plant operators in examining and interpreting the relevant impurities of coal gasification and gas treatment processes Illustrates rational strategies for developing capable and durable dry removal sorbent for syngas impurities Describes process design and integration through key engineering evaluation Describes scale-up strategies of dry syngas processing for their deployment in new plants Provides prospects on the development of future coal energy conversion system adopting dry syngas purification processes
Download or read book High Temperature Syngas Cleanup Technology Scale up and Demonstration Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gasification is a technology for clean energy conversion of diverse feedstocks into a wide variety of useful products such as chemicals, fertilizers, fuels, electric power, and hydrogen. Existing technologies can be employed to clean the syngas from gasification processes to meet the demands of such applications, but they are expensive to build and operate and consume a significant fraction of overall parasitic energy requirements, thus lowering overall process efficiency. RTI International has developed a warm syngas desulfurization process (WDP) utilizing a transport-bed reactor design and a proprietary attrition-resistant, high-capacity solid sorbent with excellent performance replicated at lab, bench, and pilot scales. Results indicated that WDP technology can improve both efficiency and cost of gasification plants. The WDP technology achieved ~99.9% removal of total sulfur (as either H2S or COS) from coal-derived syngas at temperatures as high as 600°C and over a wide range of pressures (20-80 bar, pressure independent performance) and sulfur concentrations. Based on the success of these tests, RTI negotiated a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy for precommercial testing of this technology at Tampa Electric Company's Polk Power Station IGCC facility in Tampa, Florida. The project scope also included a sweet water-gas-shift process for hydrogen enrichment and an activated amine process for 90+% total carbon capture. Because the activated amine process provides some additional non-selective sulfur removal, the integration of these processes was expected to reduce overall sulfur in the syngas to sub-ppmv concentrations, suitable for most syngas applications. The overall objective of this project was to mitigate the technical risks associated with the scale up and integration of the WDP and carbon dioxide capture technologies, enabling subsequent commercial-scale demonstration. The warm syngas cleanup pre-commercial test unit was designed and constructed on schedule and under budget and was operated for approximately 1,500 total hours utilizing ~20% of the IGCC's total syngas as feed (~1.5 MM scfh of dry syngas). The WDP system reduced total sulfur levels to ~10 ppmv (~99.9% removal) from raw syngas that contained as high as 14,000 ppmv of total sulfur. The integration of WDP with the activated amine process enabled further reduction of total sulfur in the final treated syngas to the anticipated sub-ppmv concentrations (>99.99% removal), suitable for stringent syngas applications such as chemicals, fertilizers, and fuels. Techno-economic assessments by RTI and by third parties indicate potential for significant (up to 50%) capital and operating cost reductions for the entire syngas cleanup block when WDP technology is integrated with a broad spectrum of conventional and emerging carbon capture or acid gas removal technologies. This final scientific/technical report covers the pre-FEED, FEED, EPC, commissioning, and operation phases of this project, as well as system performance results. In addition, the report addresses other parallel-funded R & D efforts focused on development and testing of trace contaminant removal process (TCRP) sorbents, a direct sulfur recovery process (DSRP), and a novel sorbent for warm carbon dioxide capture, as well as pre-FEED, FEED, and techno-economic studies to consider the potential benefit for use of WDP for polygeneration of electric power and ammonia/urea fertilizers.
Download or read book Evaluation of Sorbents for the Cleanup of Coal derived Synthesis Gas at Elevated Temperatures written by David Joseph Couling and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) with carbon dioxide capture is a promising technology to produce electricity from coal at a higher efficiency than with traditional subcritical pulverized coal (PC) power plants. As with any coal-based technology, however, it is of critical importance to develop efficient techniques to reduce the emissions of its many environmental pollutants, including not only carbon dioxide, but also sulfur and trace metals such as lead or mercury. One potential method to improve the efficiency for IGCC is through the use of solid sorbents that operate at elevated temperatures. Because many of these technologies are in their infancy and have yet to be commercially demonstrated, a strong desire exists to develop methods to critically evaluate these technologies more rapidly and inexpensively than can be done through experiments alone. In this thesis we applied computational techniques to investigate the feasibility of sorbents for the warm temperature removal of two key pollutants, carbon dioxide and mercury. We developed pressure swing adsorption models for the removal of carbon dioxide using both metal oxide and metal hydroxide sorbents and incorporated them into IGCC process simulations in Aspen Plus in order to evaluate the energy penalties associated with using these carbon dioxide capture technologies. We identified the optimal properties of CO2 sorbents for this application. Although warm CO2 capture using solid sorbents could lead to slight efficiency increases over conventional cold cleanup methods, the potential gains are much smaller than previously estimated. In addition, we used density functional theory to screen binary metal alloys, metal oxides, and metal sulfides as potential sorbents for mercury capture. We computed the thermochemistry of 40 different potential mercury sorbents to evaluate their affinity for mercury at the low concentrations and elevated temperatures found in the coal gas stream. We also evaluated the tendency of these sorbent materials to react with major components of the gas stream, such as hydrogen or steam. Finally, we tested the mercury adsorption characteristics of three of the most promising materials experimentally. Our experimental observations showed good qualitative agreement with our density functional theory calculations.
Download or read book Assessment of Hot Gas Cleanup Technologies in Coal fired Gas Turbines written by Edward L. Parsons (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the status of in situ gas stream cleanup technologies which are an integral part of the direct coal-fired gas turbine systems being developed through the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC). The technical discussion focuses on the proof-of-concept systems under development in the DOE/METC Advanced Coal-Fueled Gas Turbine Systems (ACFGTS) program initiated in 1986. In this program, Solar Turbines Inc., the Allison Gas Turbine Division of General Motors Corporation, and Westinghouse Electric Corporation have completed bench-scale tests of integrated combustion and hot gas cleanup systems in preparation for full-size subsystem tests. All these projects include the development of cleanup systems for contaminants resulting from the combustion of coal. These systems will both control emissions of pollutants and protect the turbine gas path from fouling, erosion, and corrosion. The bench-scale tests have demonstrated efficient combustion of coal-water slurries (CWS) and dry coal in high-pressure, short residence-time combustors. The tests have also yielded promising results in the abatement of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile alkali and in the removal of ash and sulfur species from the hot gas streams.
Download or read book Pilot Gasification and Hot Gas Cleanup Operations written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) has an integrated gasification hot gas cleanup facility to develop gasification, hot particulate and desulfurization process performance data for IGCC systems. The objective of our program is to develop fluidized-bed process performance data for hot gas desulfurization and to further test promising sorbents from lab-scale screening studies at highpressure (300 psia), and temperatures (1,200°F) using coal-derived fuel gases from a fluid-bed gasifier. The 10-inch inside diameter (ID), nominal 80 lb/hr, air blown gasifier is capable of providing about 300 lb/hr of low BTU gas at 1,000°F and 425 psig to downstream cleanup devices. The system includes several particle removal stages, which provide the capability to tailor the particle loading to the cleanup section. The gas pressure is reduced to approximately 300 psia and filtered by a candle filter vessel containing up to four filter cartridges. For batch-mode desulfurization test operations, the filtered coal gas is fed to a 6-inch ID, fluid-bed reactor that is preloaded with desulfurization sorbent. Over 400 hours of gasifier operation was logged in 1993 including 384 hours of integration with the cleanup rig. System baseline studies without desulfurization sorbent and repeatability checks with zinc ferrite sorbent were conducted before testing with the then most advanced zinc titanate sorbents, ZT-002 and ZR-005. In addition to the desulfurization testing, candle filters were tested for the duration of the 384 hours of integrated operation. One filter was taken out of service after 254 hours of filtering while another was left in service. At the conclusion of testing this year it is expected that 3 candles, one each with 254, 530, and 784 hours of filtering will be available for analysis for effects of the exposure to the coal gas environment.
Download or read book Integrated Low Emissions Cleanup System for Multi contaminant Control written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An existing, natural gas-fired, bench-scale, high-pressure, high-temperature test facility, previously operated by W-STC for the development of ceramic barrier filters at simulated PFBC conditions using reinjected PFBC fly ashes, was modified to study ILEC performance under simulated PFBC conditions using simultaneously natural gas and coal firing. The system was also upgraded to operate at temperatures up to about 1800°F. The objective of the bench-scale simulation is to produce a gas having pressure, temperature, gas composition (SO2, alkali content, and particulate content), and fly ash particulate characteristics similar to actual coal-fired PFBC, or other coal combustors. Temperatures ranging from 1300°F to about 1750°F will be considered. The test facility will be operated to produce a gas volumetric flow of about 80 acfm, at 100 psig pressure, and will fire coal being from 5 to 40 % of the total energy input, the remainder being natural gas.
Download or read book Bench Scale Demonstration of Hot Gas Desulfurization Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC), is sponsoring research in advanced methods for controlling contaminants in hot coal gasifier gas (coal-derived fuel-gas) streams of integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC) power systems. The hot gas cleanup work seeks to eliminate the need for expensive heat recovery equipment, reduce efficiency losses due to quenching, and minimize wastewater treatment costs.
Download or read book The Development of Warm Gas Cleanup Technologies for the Removal of Sulfur Containing Species from Steam written by Qian Luo and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Hot Gas Contaminant Control written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this work is to gather data and information to assist DOE in responding to the NRC recommendation on hot gas cleanup by performing a comprehensive assessment of hot gas cleanup systems for advanced coal-based Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) and Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion (PFBC) including the status of development of the components of the hot gas cleanup systems, and the probable cost and performance impacts. The scope and time frame of information gathering is generally responsive to the boundaries set by the National Research council (NRC), but includes a broad range of interests and programs which cover hot gas cleanup through the year 2010. As the status of hot gas cleanup is continually changing, additional current data and information are being obtained for this effort from this 1996 METC Contractors' Review Meeting as well as from the 1996 Pittsburgh Coal Conference, and the University of Karlsruhe Symposium. The technical approach to completing this work consists of: (1) Determination of the status of hot gas cleanup technologies-- particulate collection systems, hot gas desulfurization systems, and trace contaminant removal systems; (2) Determination of hot gas cleanup systems cost and performance sensitivities. Analysis of conceptual IGCC and PFBC plant designs with hot gas cleanup have been performed. The impact of variations in hot gas cleanup technologies on cost and performance was evaluated using parametric analysis of the baseline plant designs and performance sensitivity.
Download or read book Development of a Hot Gas Cleanup System for Integrated Coal Gasification molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Power Plants written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Integrated Hot Fuel Gas Cleaning for Advanced Gasification Combined Cycle Processes VOLUME IV JOULE II PROGRAMME CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY R D 2nd Phase written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coal Power Systems written by United States. Office of Fossil Energy and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of a Hot Gas Cleanup System for Integrated Coal Gasification molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Power Plants written by S. E. Lyke and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of a Hot Gas Cleanup System for Integrated Coal Gasification molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Power Plants written by S. E. Lyke and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bench scale Demonstration of Hot gas Desulfurization Technology First Quarterly Report 1997 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC), is sponsoring research in advanced methods for controlling contaminants in hot coal gasifier gas (coal-derived fuel-gas) streams of integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC) power systems. The hot gas cleanup work seeks to eliminate the need for expensive heat recovery equipment, reduce efficiency losses due to quenching, and minimize wastewater treatment costs. Hot-gas desulfurization research has focused on regenerable mixed-metal oxide sorbents that can reduce the sulfur in coal-derived fuel-gas to less than 20 ppmv and can be regenerated in a cyclic manner with air for multicycle operation. Zinc titanate (Zn2TiO4 or ZnTiO3), formed by a solid-state rea of zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2), is currently one of the leading sorbents.
