Download or read book Integrated Photonic Devices for Trace Gas Sensing and Spectroscopy written by Ali Rostamian and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To keep pace with the ever-increasing demand of integration and miniaturization, it is imperative to redesign conventional optical systems and components and develop new compact ones. Optical spectrometers have been widely adopted as powerful analytical tools showcased by a plethora of applications ranging from medical diagnostics and food analysis to gas and bio-agent sensing and environmental monitoring. Conventional spectroscopy tools require bulky and expensive optical elements, with electronics that result in benchtop systems with limited scope for portability. On-chip spectrometers, on the other hand, are alignment-free and lightweight devices that, unlike their commercially available off-chip counterparts, offer sensing in portable applications and make at-the-sample analysis possible. In this dissertation, chip-scale optical spectrometers with different working principles are studied and implemented. First, an efficient mid-infrared polarization rotator in silicon-on-sapphire is experimentally demonstrated. Since the emission from quantum cascade laser sources is transverse magnetic polarized, this component can be used to convert the polarization state of the light source and couple it into transverse electric photonic components. In chapter 3, we experimentally demonstrate an on-chip Ethyl alcohol sensor based on a holey photonic crystal waveguide on a silicon on insulator platform, offering an enhanced absorption enabled by a slow-light mode and enhanced optical field intensities in the waveguide. In chapter 4, a surface-normal hollow-core photonic crystal waveguide sensor is introduced with a geometry similar to photonic bandgap fibers with perfectly periodic air holes as cladding in a 2-dimensional photonic crystal arrangement that gives rise to bandgaps at specific frequencies and a central defect for strong modal field confinement. On account of the slow-light effect, this device offers a high degree of dispersion control and can be employed for multi-gas detection. Finally, in chapter 5, we present two different devices with single channel geometries that can be used for on-chip spectroscopy. In the first part of this chapter, we present the design and implementation of a cascaded microring-MZI device as a platform for Fourier transform spectroscopy in O-band. In the second part, we demonstrate a device with finely tunable cascaded microdisks offering a platform for on-chip spectroscopy in C-band. Optical devices presented in this dissertation provide a path toward high-performance integrated spectrometers with subcentimeter-scale footprints that enable handheld spectral analysis and more real-life applications

Download or read book Integrated Photonic Devices for Electromagnetic Wave Sensing Optical True Time Delay and Trace Gas Sensing written by Chi-Jui Chung and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Near and Mid infrared Integrated Photonic Bio chemical Sensing Devices with On chip Spectrometers written by Kyoung Min Yoo and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a recent decade, miniaturized optical sensor devices based on photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have been investigated vigorously due to their exceptional advantages such as high speed, high sensitivity, high-density integration, low cost, compactness, and robustness against the environmental fluctuation by eliminating the assembly and alignment of the free-space optical components. Especially, near- and mid-infrared photonics have intrigued a great interest in various sensing applications including the physical object/environment imaging and mapping, material identification, and chemical/biomolecule sensing due to the strong fundamental vibrational-rotational signatures of the distinct chemical bonds and high transmittance in an ambient atmospheric environment or in-vivo mammalian bio-cells. The basic components constituting the PICs are the micro/nano waveguides to guide the light by the total internal reflection, and the most matured PIC material platforms are typically based on silicon platforms. However, depending on the targeting application's operation scheme and wavelengths, appropriate material platforms and structures should be designed and optimized to minimize material loss and maximize performance. This Ph.D. dissertation focuses on the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of the various passive photonic components in different material platforms and photonic integrated sensor devices for the mid-infrared (MIR) absorption trace gas sensors, near-infrared (NIR) on-chip spectrometers, and biosensing applications. The first chapter covers the MIR trace gas sensor devices based on the suspended InGaAs membrane waveguides. We designed and compared two different waveguide structures on the III-V material platform considering the monolithic integration of the sensing waveguides with the light sources and detectors in MIR wavelengths. The second chapter demonstrates the NIR spatial heterodyne Fourier transform spectrometer (SHFTS) integrated with a subwavelength grating coupler (SWGC) for the dual-polarization bandpass sampling on the Si3N4 platform to solve the intrinsic trade-off limitation between the resolution and bandwidth. After that, the micro-ring resonator (MRR) biosensor devices integrated with SHFTS for the lab-on-a-chip optical biosensor platform on the silicon-on-insulator wafer were presented which can substitute the external optical spectrum analyzers for detecting the resonance wavelength shift. Finally, a thorough study on the point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 lab-on-a-chip (LoC) optical biosensor platforms is presented, and the recommendations for future research will be discussed

Download or read book Integrated Photonic Devices for Spectroscopic Chemical Detection written by Derek Matthew Kita and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical sensing systems realized with photonic components integrated on traditional semiconductor substrates have emerged as a promising technology for remote sensing applications that require low cost, low power consumption, light weight, small size, and high-performance. In this thesis, I discuss methods and systems for practical implementations of chip-scale integrated photonic chemical sensors and spectrometers. The work focuses on solutions to a variety of obstacles that have hindered real-world implementations of microphotonic chemical sensors. First, a new chip architecture capable of acquiring high channel count, high resolution optical spectra (200 pm resolution in the telecommunications C-band) is presented both theoretically and experimentally, along with a new 'elastic-D1' regularized regression method for spectrum reconstruction. Next, evanescent field sensing using dielectric waveguides is studied theoretically and numerically, with a special emphasis on sensing performance in the presence of random, fabrication-induced waveguide sidewall roughness. I demonstrate that a locally flat perturbation approximation is valid for typical experimental roughness in silicon-on-insulator platforms, and use a volume-current method to explicitly compute scattering loss rates for a variety of three-dimensional waveguide structures. To then experimentally realize photonic sensing systems, I developed a low-loss (0.36 ± 0.11 dB/cm), quick-turn (16.4 day turnaround) fabrication process for inexpensively prototyping silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits with heaters, etched edge couplers, and opened sensing windows. Using this fabrication process, I present a successful experimental demonstration of a fiber-packaged, waveguideenhanced Raman spectroscopic sensor used for detecting liquids in contact with the surface of the chip via measured Raman peaks from 500 - 3500 cm−1.

Download or read book Mid infrared Optoelectronics written by Eric Tournié and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-10-19 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mid-infrared Optoelectronics: Materials, Devices, and Applications addresses the new materials, devices and applications that have emerged over the last decade, along with exciting areas of research. Sections cover fundamentals, light sources, photodetectors, new approaches, and the application of mid-IR devices, with sections discussing LEDs, laser diodes, and quantum cascade lasers, mid-infrared optoelectronics, emerging research areas, dilute bismide and nitride alloys, Group-IV materials, gallium nitride heterostructures, and new nonlinear materials. Finally, the most relevant applications of mid-infrared devices are reviewed in industry, gas sensing, spectroscopy, and imaging. This book presents a key reference for materials scientists, engineers and professionals working in R&D in the area of semiconductors and optoelectronics. - Provides a comprehensive overview of mid-infrared photodetectors and light sources and the latest materials and devices - Reviews emerging areas of research in the field of mid-infrared optoelectronics, including new materials, such as wide bandgap materials, chalcogenides and new approaches, like heterogeneous integration - Includes information on the most relevant applications in industry, like gas sensing, spectroscopy and imaging

Download or read book Integrated Nanophotonics written by Peng Yu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Nanophotonics Helps readers understand the important advances in nanophotonics materials development and their latest applications This book introduces the current state of and emerging trends in the development of integrated nanophotonics. Written by three well-qualified authors, it systematically reviews the knowledge of integrated nanophotonics from theory to the most recent technological developments. It also covers the applications of integrated nanophotonics in essential areas such as neuromorphic computing, biosensing, and optical communications. Lastly, it brings together the latest advancements in the key principles of photonic integrated circuits, plus the recent advances in tackling the barriers in photonic integrated circuits. Sample topics included in this comprehensive resource include: Platforms for integrated nanophotonics, including lithium niobate nanophotonics, indium phosphide nanophotonics, silicon nanophotonics, and nonlinear optics for integrated photonics The devices and technologies for integrated nanophotonics in on-chip light sources, optical packaging of photonic integrated circuits, optical interconnects, and light processing devices Applications on neuromorphic computing, biosensing, LIDAR, and computing for AI and artificial neural network and deep learning Materials scientists, physicists, and physical chemists can use this book to understand the totality of cutting-edge theory, research, and applications in the field of integrated nanophotonics.

Download or read book Tunable Photonic Cavities for In situ Spectroscopic Trace Gas Detection written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compact tunable optical cavities are provided for in-situ NIR spectroscopy. MEMS-tunable VCSEL platforms represents a solid foundation for a new class of compact, sensitive and fiber compatible sensors for fieldable, real-time, multiplexed gas detection systems. Detection limits for gases with NIR cross-sections such as O.sub. 2, CH.sub. 4, CO.sub.x and NO.sub.x have been predicted to approximately span from 10.sup.ths to 10s of parts per million. Exemplary oxygen detection design and a process for 760 nm continuously tunable VCSELS is provided. This technology enables in-situ self-calibrating platforms with adaptive monitoring by exploiting Photonic FPGAs.

Download or read book Waveguide Based Photonic Sensors From Devices to Robust Systems written by Milvich, Johannes and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2022-03-15 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated photonic sensor systems are miniaturized, mass-producible devices that leverage the mature semiconductor fabrication technology and a well-established ecosystem for photonic circuits. This book aims at a holistic treatment of waveguide-based photonic sensor systems by analyzing photonic waveguide design, photonic circuit design and readout design. Across all levels, a special emphasis is given to system-level performance optimization under realistic environmental conditions.

Download or read book ETCMOS 2017 Final Program written by ETCMOS Services, Inc. and published by ETCMOS Services Inc.. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Final program from the ETCMOS 2017 conference, May 28-30, 2017, in Warsaw, Poland.

Download or read book Trace Gas Sensing Using Laser Modulation Spectroscopy with a Distributed feedback Semiconductor Laser written by Tai Binh Chau and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Laser and Photonic Systems written by Shimon Y. Nof and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New, significant scientific discoveries in laser and photonic technologies, systems perspectives, and integrated design approaches can improve even further the impact in critical areas of challenge. Yet this knowledge is dispersed across several disciplines and research arenas. Laser and Photonic Systems: Design and Integration brings together a mu

Download or read book Advances in Optical and Photonic Devices written by Ki Young Kim and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The title of this book, Advances in Optical and Photonic Devices, encompasses a broad range of theory and applications which are of interest for diverse classes of optical and photonic devices. Unquestionably, recent successful achievements in modern optical communications and multifunctional systems have been accomplished based on composing “building blocks” of a variety of optical and photonic devices. Thus, the grasp of current trends and needs in device technology would be useful for further development of such a range of relative applications. The book is going to be a collection of contemporary researches and developments of various devices and structures in the area of optics and photonics. It is composed of 17 excellent chapters covering fundamental theory, physical operation mechanisms, fabrication and measurement techniques, and application examples. Besides, it contains comprehensive reviews of recent trends and advancements in the field. First six chapters are especially focused on diverse aspects of recent developments of lasers and related technologies, while the later chapters deal with various optical and photonic devices including waveguides, filters, oscillators, isolators, photodiodes, photomultipliers, microcavities, and so on. Although the book is a collected edition of specific technological issues, I strongly believe that the readers can obtain generous and overall ideas and knowledge of the state-of-the-art technologies in optical and photonic devices. Lastly, special words of thanks should go to all the scientists and engineers who have devoted a great deal of time to writing excellent chapters in this book.

Download or read book Handbook of Spectroscopy written by G¿nter Gauglitz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-05 with total page 2011 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second, thoroughly revised, updated and enlarged edition provides a straightforward introduction to spectroscopy, showing what it can do and how it does it, together with a clear, integrated and objective account of the wealth of information that may be derived from spectra. It also features new chapters on spectroscopy in nano-dimensions, nano-optics, and polymer analysis. Clearly structured into sixteen sections, it covers everything from spectroscopy in nanodimensions to medicinal applications, spanning a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum and the physical processes involved, from nuclear phenomena to molecular rotation processes. In addition, data tables provide a comparison of different methods in a standardized form, allowing readers to save valuable time in the decision process by avoiding wrong turns, and also help in selecting the instrumentation and performing the experiments. These four volumes are a must-have companion for daily use in every lab.

Download or read book Optical Phenomenology and Applications written by Masoud Ghandehari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-26 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to techniques and applications of optical methods for materials Characterization in civil and environmental engineering. Emphasizing chemical sensing and diagnostics, it is written for students and researchers studying the physical and chemical processes in manmade or natural materials. Optical Phenomenology and Applications - Health Monitoring for Infrastructure Materials and the Environment, describes the utility of optical-sensing technologies in applications that include monitoring of transport processes and reaction chemistries in materials of the infrastructure and the subsurface environment. Many of the applications reviewed will address long standing issues in infrastructure health monitoring such as the alkali silica reaction, the role of pH in materials degradation, and the remote and inset characterization of the subsurface environment. The remarkable growth in photonics has contributed immensely to transforming bench-top optical instruments to compact field deployable systems. This has also contributed to optical sensors for environmental sensing and infrastructure health monitoring. Application of optical waveguides and full field imaging for civil and environmental engineering application is introduced and chemical and physical recognition strategies are presented; this is followed by range of filed deployable applications. Emphasizing system robustness, and long-term durability, examples covered include in-situ monitoring of transport phenomena, imaging degradation chemistries, and remote sensing of the subsurface ground water.

Download or read book Photonic Crystals written by Pankaj Kumar Choudhury and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-10-09 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of dielectric mirrors is very important in optics. These are used for several purposes like imaging, fabricating laser cavities, and so on. The basis for the propagation of photons in dielectric mediums is the same as electrons in solid crystals. If the electrons can be diffracted by a periodic potential well, photons could also be equally well diffracted by a periodic modulation of the refractive index of the medium. This idea led to the development of many new artificial photonic materials and optical micro- and nanostructures. Since the mechanism of light guidance is essentially due to the microstructural features of the medium, a wide variety of photonic structures, e.g., photonic band-gap fibers in 1D and photonic band-gap crystals in 2D and 3D, can be realized. Photonic Crystals - A Glimpse of the Current Research Trends essentially highlights the recent developments in the arena of photonic crystal research. It is expected to be useful for expert as well as novice researchers; the former group of readers would be abreast of recent research advancements, whereas the latter group would benefit from grasping knowledge delivered by expert scientists.

Download or read book Nanomaterials Based Sensing Platforms written by Aneeya K. Samantara and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-02-03 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensors are effective tools used to carry out cost-effective, fast, and reliable sensing for a wide range of applications. This volume presents a brief history behind sensing technology and highlights a broad range of biosensing techniques based on optical and electrochemical response methods. Starting from the traditional enzyme-based biosensing method to functionalized nanostructure-based sensors, this book also provides a detailed overview of some of the advanced sensing methodologies based on photonic crystal cavity-based sensing devices. The authors showcase the extraordinary success of nanomaterials, their current strategical exploitation, and an unprecedented pool of possibilities they hold for the future. Many of the technologies have been developed recently for the sensing of various bioanalytes and molecules, some of which have been included in this book through dedicated chapters. The book looks at various sensors, such as for biosensing, electrochemical sensing, gas sensing, photoelectrochemical sensing, and colorimetric sensing, all of which have shown vast potential.

Download or read book Integrated Photonic Devices with Inverse Weak Value Amplification for Precision Metrology written by Meiting Song and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Optical interferometry has been widely applied to precision measurements such as gravitational wave detection, gyroscopes, and environmental sensing. The high frequency of light waves and good coherence of lasers make them good references for precision measurements. However, in practical applications, it is usually difficult to reach the shot-noise limit sensitivity. The sensitivity could also be limited by the saturation power of the system. Weak value amplification and inverse weak value amplification allow enhancements of small signals in optical interferometers without increasing the noise floor, and therefore can improve the sensitivity of the measurements. By preselecting and postselecting photons in the system, weak value amplification increases the information concentration for the parameter of interest. With the same amount of postselected photons, or equal detected optical powers, weak value amplification interferometers yield a higher signal-to-noise ratio compared to their standard counterparts. However, previous demonstrations of weak value amplification interferometers require bulky tabletop apparatus, which are not suitable for field applications. We implement inverse weak value amplification on an integrated photonic chip to achieve compact and robust measurements with high precision. The integrated weak value device is based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. We design an integrated component to introduce a spatial phase front tilt in waveguides, which is essential for the preselection of photons. We also design a multi-mode directional coupler to accommodate the interference of the higher-order mode introduced by the spatial phase front tilt. Finally, we use a multi-mode interfering region to measure the output signal. We demonstrate 7 dB signal enhancements of micro-heater-induced phase measurements in our weak value device compared to a similar structure standard MZI with equal detected optical power. We modulate the phase signal and measure the outputs with a balanced detector connected to a radiofrequency spectrum analyzer. The comparison is made to a standard MZI with equivalent waveguide dimensions, micro-heater dimensions, and interferometric arm length. It is also tested under the same setup. By replacing the micro-heater with a ring resonator, we show optical frequency measurements with a minimum detectable signal of 2 kHz. We modulate the laser frequency, which converts into a modulated phase signal by the ring resonator. The quality factor of the ring resonator is around 9000. We also create an integrated optical gyroscope by adding the inverse weak value components to a Sagnac interferometer with a ring resonator. The bright port light of the interferometer is recycled for locking the laser frequency to the resonance of the sensing ring resonator. With a ring resonator of 105 quality factor and 100 æm diameter, we demonstrate rotation rate measurements down to 2 ʻ/sec. In conclusion, we have demonstrated integrated photonic devices with weak value amplification for precision sensing and metrology, including phase, optical frequency, and rotation measurements. It opens the possibilities of weak-value-based techniques with compact and robust integrated photonic chips for precision metrology applications, especially for saturation-limited systems"--Pages ix-x.