Download or read book Innovation et diffusion des nergies renouvelables written by Guillaume Bourgeois and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les énergies renouvelables (ENR) jouent un rôle central pour décarboner les systèmes énergétiques et lutter contre le réchauffement climatique. Du fait de défaillances de marché, des politiques publiques visant à soutenir ces technologies sont nécessaires. Cette thèse vise à évaluer l'efficacité des politiques climatiques de soutien à l'innovation et à la diffusion dans les ENR. Cet objectif général se décline en trois problématiques qui sont abordées dans trois différents chapitres.Deux types de politique de soutien aux ENR sont généralement distinguées: les politiques de soutien à l'innovation (dites techno-push) et les politiques de soutien à la diffusion (dites demand-pull). Un débat existe dans la littérature académique pour définir la répartition optimale entre soutien demand-pull et soutien techno-push. En effet, il existerait un fort déséquilibre entre les dépenses publiques accordées aux deux types de politiques. Ce constat pose la question de la pérennité du processus de changement technologique en cours et de la nécessité, ou non, d'un redéploiement par l'innovation. Cette thèse vise à éclairer ce débat en se basant sur une revue des études empiriques. Cette revue de la littérature montre que l'effet des politiques sur l'innovation et la diffusion varie selon le type de politique et selon le niveau de maturité des ENR. Les politiques indifférenciées quant aux technologies ciblées (certificats verts par exemple), stimulent l'innovation dans les technologies matures et proches de la compétitivité alors que les prix garantis (tarifs d'achat par exemple) sont plus appropriés pour les technologies plus coûteuses.Les résultats de notre revue de la littérature font également ressortir un manque d'études sur l'effet des spillovers de connaissances sur les performances en innovation des pays dans les ENR. Le chapitre deux vise à combler cette lacune en étudiant, au niveau national, la relation entre la performance relative en innovation dans les énergies éoliennes et solaires photovoltaïques (PV) et la performance relative en innovation dans leur(s) principale(s) technologie(s) complémentaire(s). Les résultats montrent que les innovations dans le domaine des transports, de la mécanique et du bâtiment jouent un rôle crucial pour le développement de l'énergie éolienne. Les innovations en matière d'optique, de revêtement et de chimie sont essentielles pour le solaire PV. Ce chapitre aboutit à l'identification de pays qui auraient un fort intérêt à innover davantage dans les ENR du fait de leur spécialisation dans les technologies complémentaires (en particulier la France dans les énergies éoliennes et la Belgique dans les énergies solaires PV).Par ailleurs, la littérature empirique existante semble se heurter à des difficultés à modéliser et à prendre en compte les interactions entre les politiques publiques, la performance en innovation et la performance à l'export, alors que dans un objectif de croissance verte ces enjeux sont cruciaux pour les pays. L'objectif du chapitre trois est de contribuer à combler cette lacune en utilisant des modèles PVAR (Panel Vector Autoregressive). Nos résultats montrent que les dépenses publiques de RD semblent être plus appropriées que les politiques de diffusion pour améliorer les performances à l'exportation pour les deux technologies (éolien et solaire PV). Pour les technologies éoliennes et solaires PV nous concluons également à l'absence de cercle vertueux entre les performances relatives en innovation et à l'export. Nous constatons néanmoins quelques résultats différents entre les deux technologies, qui pourraient être expliqués par les différences de barrières à l'entrée et sur les coûts irrécupérables.

Download or read book Formes de l adoption d une innovation nerg tique written by Marjorie Roux and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: En janvier 2008, la Commission européenne adopte le « Paquet Climat-Energie contraint les 27 États membres à atteindre trois objectifs d'ici à 2020 : réduction de 20% des émissions de gaz à effets de serre, augmentation de 20% de la part des énergies renouvelables dans le bouquet énergétique, et réduction de 20% de la consommation énergétique. Cettedirective se traduit dans les Etats membres par des programmes nationaux de développement des filières renouvelables. Dans ce cadre, notre réflexion porte sur les conditions de leur diffusion en France et au Royaume-Uni. Sous leurs formes décentralisées, celles-ci se heurtent à des freins techniques, matériels et symboliques qui leur confèrent un statut d’énergies « alternatives ». Cette recherche s’attache à comprendre les systèmes d’actions associés à la décision d’investissement, d’acquisition et d’intégration de quatre technologies renouvelables décentralisées dans la sphère domestique : les chauffe-eau solaires, les systèmes photovoltaïques, les pompes à chaleur, ainsi que les mini-éoliennes au Royaume-Uni. En procédant à une étude des filières, nous cherchons à identifier les conditions sociales entourant la diffusion de ces innovations technologiques auprès de ménages particuliers. Dans une perspective méso-sociale et micro-sociale, nous nous concentrons sur cinq groupes d’acteurs : individus appartenant aux sphères de l’Etat, du marché, de la société civile, ménages adoptants, et ménages non-adoptants ayant interrompu leur processus d’acquisition

Download or read book Energie renouvelable written by Jeff Passmore and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sustainable Development and Innovation in the Energy Sector written by Ulrich Steger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores how these conflicting scenarios could be reconciled; how can we shape a more sustainable energy system from the existing one; and possible technological progress and innovations to enable a brighter future. Addresses the reality that there exists no consensus on the extent to which innovations can really contribute to reconciling ever-growing energy consumption, availability of resources and the environment, and the structural demands on any energy system. Offers and explains a four-point strategy: Energy should according to its importance regain a top priority in the political arena; higly targeted subsidies should be given for a limited amount of time to speed up the market introduction of energy-efficient and regenerative techniques in analogy to the ‚Dutch model‘; Negotiated agreements and unilateral self-commitments can subsequently ensure further market diffusion of sustainable energy innovations.; the basic research in energy should not be diminished but intensified instead

Download or read book Policies and Programs for Sustainable Energy Innovations written by Tugrul U. Daim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-21 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume features research and case studies across a variety of industries to showcase technological innovations and policy initiatives designed to promote renewable energy and sustainable economic development. The first section focuses on policies for the adoption of renewable energy technologies, the second section covers the evaluation of energy efficiency programs and the final section provides evaluations of energy technology innovations. Environmental concerns, energy availability and political pressure have prompted governments to look for alternative energy resources that can minimize the undesirable effects for current energy systems. For example, shifting away from the conventional fuel resources and increasing the percentage of electricity generated from renewable resources, such as solar and wind power, is an opportunity to guarantee lower CO2 emissions and to create better economic opportunities for citizens in the long run. Including discussions of such of timely topics and issues as global warming, bio-fuels and nuclear energy, the editors and contributors to this book provide a wealth of insights and recommendations for sustainable energy innovations.

Download or read book Innovation under Uncertainty written by Valentina Bosetti and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovation under Uncertainty presents original research and insights on innovation in carbon-free energy technologies. Valentina Bosetti and Michela Catenacci provide a complete and informative assessment of the current potentials and limits and offer

Download or read book Improving the Efficiency of R D and the Market Diffusion of Energy Technologies written by Eberhard Jochem and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-24 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there a chance that public or private research and development institutions can improve the efficiency of the R&D process? This book gives a positive answer by designing an integrated concept of the science technology cycle and the innovation system of each technology. The position of a new technology in the sciencetechnology cycle is identified by several indicators from patent analysis, citations and market information data. The innovation system supports the search for a comprehensive understanding of all important stakeholders of an innovation, possible obstacles and related policies. The application of the methodology leads to convincing results: the hype of the PEM fuel cell activities could have been identified at the end of the 1990s as the phase of euphoria, but not as a situation close to market entry in the car or boiler markets.

Download or read book Building Innovation Capabilities for Sustainable Industrialisation written by Rasmus Lema and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that renewable electrification in developing countries provides important opportunities for local economic development, but new pathways are required for turning these opportunities into successful reality. Building Innovation Capabilities for Sustainable Industrialisation offers a novel input into the debate on development of capabilities for sustainable industrialisation and delivers key insights for both researchers and policy makers when it comes to the question of how to increase the economic co-benefits of renewables expansion. The chapters in the book use a tailored analytical framework in their studies of renewable electrification efforts in Kenya and other countries in sub-Saharan Africa. They draw on a mix of project, sector and country level case studies to address questions such as: What capabilities are developed through on-going renewable electrification projects in developing economies? How can the expansion of renewable electrification be supported in a way that also encourages sustainable economic development? What role do international linkages (South-South and North-South) play and what role should they play in the greening of energy systems in developing economies? The authors provide a new understanding of how green transformation and sustainable industrialisation can be combined, highlighting the opportunities and constraints for local capability building and the scope for local policy action. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of development studies, energy studies, sustainability and sustainable development, as well as practitioners and policy makers working in development organisations and national governments. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781003054665, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Download or read book OECD Studies on Environmental Innovation Energy and Climate Policy Bending the Technological Trajectory written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-11-20 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a series of papers that explore the extent to which technological innovation can lower the cost of achieving climate change mitigation objectives.

Download or read book Transition nerg tique et innovation written by Bernard Lachal and published by ISTE Group. This book was released on 2018-09-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Si chacun est conscient de l’aspect crucial que revêt aujourd’hui le développement de nouvelles technologies énergétiques, l’importance de leur évaluation commence seulement à être pleinement reconnue. Cet ouvrage, nourri d’exemples tirés de cas réels, se donne deux objectifs. Le premier est de fournir aux chercheurs, aux ingénieurs et à toute personne active dans le secteur énergétique une synthèse sur les méthodes d’évaluation des systèmes énergétiques, résultat de plusieurs décennies de travaux dans ce domaine. Le second objectif est de briser le cercle vicieux qui fait que l’évaluation in situ reste encore aujourd’hui quelque peu négligée, car parfois considérée comme un « travail ingrat », long, apparemment cher, difficilement valorisable et peu valorisé. En tentant d’organiser scientifiquement l’expérience acquise durant plus de trente ans, Transition énergétique et innovation a pour but de convaincre de l’utilité considérable de la démarche, à la fois sur le plan économique et sur le plan humain.

Download or read book Accelerating Green Innovation written by Michael Migendt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Michael Migendt explains the role of alternative investments in supporting the growth of a sustainable economy and recognizes levers that policy makers, managers and entrepreneurs could use for further accelerating green innovation through finance. He focuses on specific examples of alternative investments into green industries, companies, projects, and infrastructure, covering the developments along the innovation chain. Especially the acceleration of green technologies and the in this context occurring interrelations between the three areas of finance, innovation, and policy are key to this work.

Download or read book The Dynamics of Sustainable Innovation Journeys written by Frank Geels and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows that sustainable development should be analysed and managed as an innovation journey in which social, technological, political and cultural dimensions become aligned. The ‘journey’ aspect captures the open and uncertain nature of sustainable developments and highlights the agency dimension, with actors navigating, negotiating, groping and struggling their way forward (and sometimes backward). The book addresses the following research questions: What are the key processes and micro-dynamics of innovation journeys? Which policy lessons can be drawn for managing sustainable innovation journeys? To conceptualize the multi-dimensional nature of innovation journeys the book draws on insights from industrial economics, evolutionary economics, sociology of technology, political science and cultural studies. The book develops several new conceptual frameworks that make different crossovers between these disciplines. These frameworks are empirically tested with case studies on biofuels, onshore wind power, low energy housing, photovoltaic solar cells, biomass and fuel cells. The empirical studies are also used to derive several robust lessons as to how policy makers can influence sustainable innovation journeys. This book was published as a special issue of Technology Analysis & Strategic Management.

Download or read book Sustainability Innovations in the Electricity Sector written by Dorothea Jansen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-18 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future of modern societies depends on their ability to deal with the challenge of climate change in the coming decades. One essential component is a better understanding of innovation processes in the energy sector. This book focuses on sustainability innovations in renewable energies, combined heat and power, and energy service contracting, and analyses the institutions, actors and functions within the innovation system. Of particular interest is the question of whether the joint effect of EU-driven market liberalization and climate policies will succeed in establishing market forces that will drive actors towards more climate-friendly energy production. A special focus is on the role of local utilities in the electricity sector as opposed to large transmission net operators or regional net operators. The countries covered in the contributions include Germany, Denmark, the UK, Switzerland, and the Netherlands.

Download or read book Transitions Durables written by Diego Fernando Rojas Angulo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This doctoral dissertation is an interdisciplinary research work at the intersection of geography and innovation studies through the prism of two subjects: diffusion of sustainable innovations and urban resilience to energy transition. The research work was developed in the Swiss Alps and in the South Region of France in order to deploy comparative analyses. This Ph.D dissertation investigates the regions receptivity to sustainable innovations, specifically renewable energy technologies (RET) such as solar photovoltaics, solar thermal collectors in the Swiss Alps and electric and hybrid vehicles in Switzerland at the national level. As well as the research was developed in the South Region of France were six innovation indicators were analysed: solar photovoltaics, solar thermal collectors, wind power, small and big hydroelectric power plants, biogas and biomass. The research aimed at improving our understanding on regions' ability to integrate these innovations into their dynamics and the embedded urban resilience to energy transition, to adapt to change, accommodating disruptions in the diffusion process and develop new spatial diffusion paths. The research questions aimed at underpinning our understanding on the network effects of the RET diffusion and on the potential insights that spatial information might provide regarding such diffusion processes. The underlying assumptions were that RET diffuses across scales in a non-random fashion and describe a preferential attachment mechanism. The implication of the latter assumption is that the urban renewable energy systems exhibit fractality, which is the signature of self-organized systems. By definition, resilient systems are self-organized, so in this context, the innovation systems are analyzed in the framework of urban resilience to the energy transition. Thus, a further assumption is made and proposes that more innovative places and locations are more resilient than less innovative locations. The methodological approaches to address these research questions and verify the assumptions are described as follows. In the Swiss region a model called 'Spatial Preferential Attachment' (SPA) was created based on spatial interaction theory, relying on a gravity model that was built through agent-based modelling and systems dynamics approaches. The integration of the gravity model with the spatial information of the RET allowed to build a spatial network, which simulated the urban energy system of the region. The results allowed to accept the assumptions in which a preferential mechanism in the diffusion process take place, since the spatial diffusion distribution follow power laws. The model was also applied in Switzerland and in the South Region of France, obtaining similar results, following multi-level and hierarchical mechanisms. These results are in line with the path development theory proposed by economic geographers, where the specific-place legacy has at least a partial impact in the future intensity of diffusion processesThese results are important within the sustainability paradigm from a research perspective and challenging for the current innovation framework, the so-called Transformative Change, which aims at establishing a fairer view on socio-economic and environmental issues. The preferential attachment mechanisms in RET diffusion imply that there are hubs of innovation ruled by urban scaling laws that put in disadvantage other locations. The SPA was also used to simulate the urban resilience to energy transition in the Swiss canton of Valais. The energy urban network was 'attacked' by removing the hubs of the structure and the simulations showed that the system could reorganized itself at global level, showing strong sings of resilience however not at local level. Resilient systems are self-organized however it does not imply that resilient itself is fractal as differences were found from a multiscale spatial perspective.

Download or read book Development of a Process for Integrated Development and Evaluation of Energy Scenarios for Lower Saxony written by Bernd Engel and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2019-12-11 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the research project NEDS – Sustainable Energy Supply Lower Saxony, conceivable transition paths towards a power supply based on renewable energies in Lower Saxony by 2050 are developed and examined for their sustainability and feasibility. Both the different technical focal points and the joint development of methods and models represent important aspects of the project. A comprehensive method for the integrated development and evaluation of energy scenarios is developed and applied to Lower Saxony. As a basic framework, five future scenarios for the target year 2050 are developed. Based on the qualitative future scenarios and three chosen alternatives, quantitative assumptions are made for the simulation and evaluation. The simulation results of the system model form the basis for the system evaluation. Defined system states for the transition years are simulated and then compared using a multi-criteria decision analysis based on sustainability criteria. In dem Forschungsprojekt NEDS – Nachhaltige Energieversorgung Niedersachsen werden denkbare Transitionspfade hin zu einer auf erneuerbaren Energien basierenden Stromversorgung in Niedersachsen bis 2050 entwickelt und auf ihre Nachhaltigkeit und Umsetzbarkeit untersucht. Sowohl die unterschiedlichen fachlichen Schwerpunkte als auch die gemeinsame Entwicklung von Methodik und Modellen stellen wichtige Aspekte im Projekt dar. Es wird eine umfassende Methodik zur integrierten Entwicklung und Bewertung von Energieszenarien erarbeitet und auf Niedersachsen angewendet. Als Grundgerüst werden fünf Zukunftsszenarien für das Zieljahr 2050 entwickelt. Aus den qualitativen Zukunftsszenarien und drei ausgewählten Alternativen werden quantitative Annahmen für die Simulation und Bewertung erstellt. Die Ergebnisse der Simulationen des Systemmodells bilden die Grundlage für die Systembewertung. Definierte Systemzustände für die Transitionsjahre werden simuliert und anschließend mithilfe einer multikriteriellen Bewertungsmethode anhand von Nachhaltigkeitskriterien verglichen.

Download or read book Innovation in Energy Technology Comparing National Innovation Systems at the Sectoral Level written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-02-20 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews efforts under way in a number of OECD countries to advance innovation in energy technology, with a particular focus on hydrogen fuel cells.

Download or read book OECD Studies on Environmental Innovation Energy and Climate Policy Bending the Technological Trajectory written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-11-30 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a series of papers that explore the extent to which technological innovation can lower the cost of achieving climate change mitigation objectives.