Download or read book Influence of Wood Modification on the Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Based Wood Polymer Composites WPC written by Marcus Müller and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wood Polymer Composites written by K O Niska and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-05-29 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood-polymer composites (WPC) are materials in which wood is impregnated with monomers that are then polymerised in the wood to tailor the material for special applications. The resulting properties of these materials, from lightness and enhanced mechanical properties to greater sustainability, has meant a growing number of applications in such areas as building, construction and automotive engineering. This important book reviews the manufacture of wood-polymer composites, how their properties can be assessed and improved and their range of uses.After an introductory chapter, the book reviews key aspects of manufacture, including raw materials, manufacturing technologies and interactions between wood and synthetic polymers. Building on this foundation, the following group of chapters discusses mechanical and other properties such as durability, creep behaviour and processing performance. The book concludes by looking at orientated wood-polymer composites, wood-polymer composite foams, at ways of assessing performance and at the range of current and future applications.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Wood-polymer composites is a valuable reference for all those using and studying these important materials. - Provides a comprehensive survey of major new developments in wood-polymer composites - Reviews the key aspects of manufacture, including raw materials and manufacturing technologies - Discusses properties such as durability, creep behaviour and processing performance
Download or read book Recent Advances in the Processing of Wood Plastic Composites written by Jin Kuk Kim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood-plastic composite (WPC) is a non-recyclable composite material lumber or timber made of recycled plastic and wood wastes which has become one of the most dynamic sectors of the plastics industry in this decade. It is used in numerous applications, such as, outdoor deck floors, railings, fences, landscaping timbers, park benches, window and door frames. This book starts with a brief glimpse at the basic structures and properties of WPCs. Aspects such as surface treatment, machinery used and testing types of WPCs are also covered. The following chapters of the book give a view of foam technology, flame retardant properties and colour retardant properties of WPCs. The way morphology affects or controls the physical and mechanical behaviours of the finished materials is discussed. Finally, the authors give an overview of the applications of wood-plastic composites in daily life. The book may serve as a source book for scientists wishing to work in this field.
Download or read book Proceedings of STCCE 2022 written by Nikolai Vatin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-29 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers selected contributions in the field of civil and construction engineering, as presented by international researchers and engineers at the 3rd International Scientific Conference on Socio-Technical Construction and Civil Engineering (STCCE), held in Kazan, Russia on April 21-29 2022. The book covers a wide range of topics including building constructions and structures, bridges, roads and tunnels, building materials and products, energy efficiency and thermal protection of buildings, ventilation, air conditioning, gas supply and lighting in buildings, innovative and smart technologies in construction, transport system development. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations.
Download or read book Engineering Biopolymers written by Hans-Josef Endres and published by Hanser Gardner Publications. This book was released on 2010-12-31 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is unique in its focus on market-relevant bio/renewable materials. It is based on comprehensive research projects, during which these materials were systematically analyzed and characterized. For the first time the interested reader will find comparable data not only for biogenic polymers and biological macromolecules, such as proteins, but also for engineering materials. The reader will also find valuable information regarding topics such as micro-structure, manufacturing, and processing, application, and recycling properties of commercially available biopolymers. An invaluable source of information for researchers and engineers, as well as for marketing and business development. Raw material manufacturers, plastic materials and additive providers, processors, machine manufacturers, and innovative packaging, textile, and automotive manufacturers will find systematically researched and evaluated material characteristics.
Download or read book Lignocellulosic Fibers and Wood Handbook written by Mohamed Naceur Belgacem and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will focus on lignocellulosic fibres as a raw material for several applications. It will start with wood chemistry and morphology. Then, some fibre isolation processes will be given, before moving to composites, panel and paper manufacturing, characterization and aging.
Download or read book Advanced Materials and Processes ADME 2011 written by Zhong Ning Guo and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2011-08-16 with total page 2580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The peer-reviewed papers comprising this book treat the topics of: composites, micro-/nano-materials, metal-alloy materials, steel and iron, polymer materials, optical/electronic/magnetic materials, new energy materials, environmentally-friendly materials, biomaterials, thin films, structural materials, new functional materials, earthquake-resistant structures and materials, smart/intelligent materials/intelligent systems, hydrogen and fuel-cell science, engineering and technology and other related topics. The work offers near-encyclopedic guide to these fields.
Download or read book Poly vinyl chloride based Blends Interpenetrating Polymer Networks IPNs and Gels written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-30 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poly(vinyl chloride)-Based Blends, IPNs, and Gels brings together the latest research on the blending of PVC, covering processing, materials, properties, and applications. This book addresses these challenges and highlights the state-of-the-art in the field, such as the development of eco-friendly micro and nanostructured functional materials based on PVC and advances in experimental and theoretical studies of PVC based-polymer blends. This is a valuable resource for researchers and advanced students in polymer science, chemistry, composite science, and materials science and engineering, as well as R&D professionals, engineers, and scientists working with advanced PVC-based materials across a range of industries. - Offers methodical, in-depth coverage of PVC-based blends, IPNs, and gels with each polymer type - Explains advanced methods for PVC-based materials with improved properties for a range of novel applications - Provides avenues for improved sustainability, discussing PVC from biomass, life cycle, recycling, and other environmental considerations
Download or read book Proceedings of STCCE 2021 written by Nikolai Vatin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-28 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers selected contributions in the field of civil and construction engineering, as presented by international researchers and engineers at the 2nd International Scientific Conference on Socio-Technical Construction and Civil Engineering (STCCE), held in Kazan, Russia on April 21-28 2021. The book covers a wide range of topics including building constructions and structures, bridges, roads and tunnels, building materials and products, construction management, energy efficiency and thermal protection of buildings, ventilation, air conditioning, gas supply and lighting in buildings, innovative and smart technologies in construction, sustainable development, transport system development. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations.
Download or read book Wood Polymer Composites written by Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-04-29 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively covers the different topics of wood polymer composite materials mainly synthesis methods for the composite materials, various characterization techniques to study the superior properties and insights on potential advanced applications. It also discusses the chemistry, fabrication process, properties, applications, recycling and life cycle assessment of wood polymer composites. This is a useful reference source for both engineers and researchers working in composite materials science as well as the students attending materials science, physics, chemistry and engineering courses.
Download or read book Bioenergy from Dendromass for the Sustainable Development of Rural Areas written by David Butler Manning and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-08-17 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the results of two bioenergy research initiatives in Germany, this reference examines the sustainable management of wood biomass in rural areas. The large number of participating organizations and research institutes ensures a balanced and unbiased view on the potentials and risks is presented, taking into account economic, ecological, and social aspects. Most of the results reported are available here for the first time in English and have been collated in central Europe, but are equally applicable to other temperate regions. They highlight best practices for enhancing dendromass potential and productivity, while discussing the implications on rural economies and ecosystems.
Download or read book Introduction to Polymer Science and Technology written by and published by Bookboon. This book was released on with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Treatment Methods of Natural Fibres and their Effects on Biocomposites written by Asim Shahzad and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-03-25 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural fiber composites have experienced a renaissance over the last two decades as a response to societal demands for developing eco-friendly, biodegradable and recyclable materials. They are now being extensively used in everyday products as well as in automotive, packaging, sports and the construction industries. These fibers require surface treatments in order to improve their properties and interfacial bonding with polymer matrices, and to reduce their hydrophilic character. These methods can be grouped into three major categories: chemical, physical and biological. Chemical methods use chemical reagents to reduce fibers' hydrophilic tendency and thus improve compatibility with the matrix. They also expose more reactive groups on the fibre surface to facilitate efficient coupling with the matrix. Physical methods change structural and surface properties of the fiber and thereby influence the interfacial bonding with matrices, without extensively changing the chemical composition of the fibers. They are cleaner and simpler than the chemical methods. Biological methods use biological agents like fungi, enzymes and bacteria to modify the fiber surface properties. These methods are not toxic like chemical methods and are not energy-intensive like physical methods.Surface Treatment Methods of Natural Fibers and their Effects on Biocomposites presents an overview and recent developments of these methods. All the major methods are reviewed, explaining the science and methodology behind each method. The effects of these methods on various properties of fibers and the biocomposites made from these fibers are analyzed in detail.The book will be an essential reference for academic researchers, materials scientists and engineers, postgraduate students and industrial researchers and development scientists and engineers working on natural fibers and biocomposites. - Extensive coverage of all the surface modification methods (chemical, physical, biological) of natural fibers and its effect on properties of produced composites - The chemical mechanisms which are utilized in surface treatments are discussed in detail and how these affect the interfacial properties and characteristics - Systematic and comprehensive review on surface modifications of natural fibres, and explains how the effect of the surface treatment can be characterized and measured, as well as the effect on properties
Download or read book Chemistry of Wood Plastic Composite Weathering written by James Sunday Fabiyi and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid wood has been traditionally used as a decking and siding component in the USA and other parts of the world. However, environmental (because of chemical treatment) and performance (loss of value) issues concerning solid wood in those applications have brought about shift to replace solid wood with WPC. The shift is largely due to the perceived-improved properties, low maintenance, and environmentally benign attributes of WPC. However, a growing issue of concern with these products is their long-term weatherability and color stability. Therefore, retaining WPC color for extended periods during outdoor exposure is of importance. Unfortunately, a fundamental knowledge regarding chemical changes, which influence color changes that occur at the surface of WPC during weathering relative to material compositions are limited. In order to develop WPC with improved weathering performance, the chemical changes of the material compositions that are caused by weathering factors are investigated in this study. The outcomes of such an approach would provide basic understanding of WPC weathering that might likely foster research toward production WPC with improved weathering performance. In this study, the effects of outside and accelerated (UVA and xenon-arc) weathering on the color and chemical changes of wood plastic composites (WPC) produced from different plastics, wood species, and modified wood fiber were investigated. Different analytical techniques were employed to monitor color and chemical changes that occurred during weathering, such colorimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (STIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC-MS), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The outcomes of weathering trials using high density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl-chloride (PVC) based WPC with pine wood flour as reinforcement/filler and other additives showed that for both natural and celerated weathering, longer exposure time caused increased color change (and surface lightness), generation of chro ophores, surface oxidation, and wood loss on the weathered WPC surface. Understanding of the basic the and color changes of naturally and accelerated weathered WPC suggest that wood lignin was a contributing factor to WPC color change. Therefore, the outcomes of xenon-arc weathered WPC produced from selected wood species showed that WPC formulation with moderated weathering performance (color stability) could be achieved using wood species of low lignin content (such as poplar). In addition, deligninfied wood fiber based WPC especially from HDPE had less color change compared to untreated wood based WPC. This suggests that cellulose fibers from chemical pulps could be used as a fiber source for weather resistant WPC. In all studies conducted, HDPE-based WPC had the least color change and mostly followed by PP and PVC, which could be associated with thermal history.
Download or read book Functional Polyurethanes In Memory of Prof J zsef Karger Kocsis written by Sándor Kéki and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of 22 per-reviewed scientific papers on the synthesis and characterization of polyurethanes with special chemical and physical properties. In our "plastic age", polyurethanes are one of the most versatile polymers with broad and excellent mechanical and chemical properties. These polyurethanes can be found in many areas of our every day`s life ranging from insulators through hard and soft foams to various biomedical devices. The huge number of possible variations in the types of reactants allows the scientists to design and tailor the properties of polyurethanes to specific needs. The fascinating chemistry and materials science of polyurethanes have attracted interests of many scientists. As a result, the progress in this field made by these scholars are summarized in this book with special emphasizes on the structure-property relationships and biomedical applications of polyurethanes as well as their environmental aspects are also highlighted in some papers. Thus, this collection of papers is recommended to all readers who are interested not only in the synthesis and properties of polyurethanes but want to be familiar with the theoretical description of their formation as well.
Download or read book Wood Modification written by Callum A. S. Hill and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-02-06 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is exclusively concerned with wood modification, although many of these processes are generic and can be applied to other lignocellulosic materials. There have been many rapid developments in wood modification over the past decade and, in particular, there has been considerable progress made in the commercialisation of technologies. Topics covered include: The use of timber in the 21st century Modifying the properties of wood Chemical modification of wood: Acetic Anhydride Modification and reaction with other chemicals Thermal modification of wood Surface modification Impregnation modification Commercialisation of wood modification Environmental consideration and future developments This is the first time that a book has covered all wood modification technologies in one text. Although the book covers the main research developments in wood modification, it also puts wood modification into context and additionally deals with aspects of commercialisation and environmental impact. This book is very timely, because wood modification is undergoing huge developments at the present time, driven in part by environmental concerns regarding the use of wood treated with certain preservatives. There has been considerable commercial interest shown in wood modification over the past decade, with products based upon thermal modification, and furfurylation now being actively being marketed. The next few years will see the commercialisation of acetylation and impregnation modification. This is a new industry, but one that has enormous potential. This book will prove useful to all those with an interest in wood modification including researchers, technologists and professionals working in wood science and timber engineering, wood preservation, and well as professionals in the paper and pulp industries, and those with an interest in the development of renewable materials.
Download or read book Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials written by Charles A. Wilkie and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-07-29 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials provides a single source for all aspects of this highly challenging field of applied research. This authoritative book covers design and non-fire requirements that drive how these materials are fire protected. Detailed study and consideration of chemistry, physics, materials science, economic issues and fire safety science is necessary to address considerations of mechanical, thermal, environmental, and end-use requirements on top of fire protection means that the field requires. This thoroughly revised new edition continues to offer comprehensive coverage of the scientific approach for those developing fire safe materials. It covers new topics such as bio-based materials, regulatory issues, recycling, newer flame retardant chemical classes, and more details on how to flame retard materials for specific market applications. Written by a team of experts, this book covers the fundamentals of polymer burning and combustion and how to apply fire protection or flame-retardant chemistries to specific material classes and applications. The book is written for material scientists and fire safety scientists who seek to develop new fire safe materials or understand why materials burn in our modern environment. Features Connects fundamentals of material flammability to practical fire safety needs Covers current fire safety requirements and regulations affecting flame retardant selection Provides information on chemical structure-property relationships for flame retardancy Provides practical guidance on how to design fire safe materials for specific fire risk scenarios The new edition is expanded to 32 chapters and all chapters are updated and revised with the newest information
