Download or read book Influence of Surface Coatings and Surface active Liquid Lubrication on Cyclic Fatigue of Nickel titanium Rotary Endodontic Files in an Artificial Canal written by Yousef Abdulhadi Alnowailaty and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The late 1980's witnessed the introduction of superelastic Nickel-Titanium (NiTi)alloy as an endodontic file. NiTi showed superior performance in root canal treatment compared to the conventional Stainless Steel files. After a few years of the use of rotary NiTi files, a greater tendency of fracture was noticed compared to Stainless Steel files, occurring unexpectedly and without previous permanent deformation. Recent research used electro-polished, smooth, triangular-shaped EndoSequence files in smooth glass surrogates of curved tooth-root canals, demonstrating extended times to file fracture during rotational bending at 300 rpm when the files were pre-coated with low-Critical Surface Tension (CST) silanes or lubricated in low-surface-tension surfactant solutions. A common feature was NiTi file fracture at a Surface Strain Amplitude of 3-4%, indicating that reduction of surface friction was by delay of surface crack opening. Earlier failure in NaOCl (bleach) lubricant was noted.^That prior work tested files held at stepped, static locations in curved glass tubes. The aim of this follow-up research was to further evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of rough-surfaced, triple-U-shaped Protaper® endodontic files, operated in more clinically relevant up/down filing motion, when their surface character also was modified through coating the files with two types of silanes, as "dry" lubricants. The first coating was Octadecylsilane (ODS) and the second was (3-Hepta-fluoroisopropoxy)propylsilane (3-HEPT). The cyclic fatigue of untreated control files and surface-modified files was tested dry and with five different irrigation solutions, some of which are commonly used in endodontic treatment. The irrigants used were distilled water, 5% sodium hypochlorite NaOCl, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Surface Active Displacement Solution (SADS; an emulsion of water, butanol, and a surfactant), and Delmopinol (an aqueous solution of an aminoalcohol surfactant).^Bent glass tubes simulated curved root canals, in which an AEU-20 Endodontic System ITR motor rotated files at 300 RPM and high torque. More than 300 samples were tested in this research. After testing, the files were viewed under the scanning electron microscope to evaluate the fractured area, and it was shown that all the tested files showed signs of abrasion on the edges of the fractured areas. Analysis of Variance (one way ANOVA) and Multivariate Tests were the main statistical methods to compare the number of cycles to fatigue fracture (NCF). NCF of the coated files was significantly higher than for files tested as received F (2,321)=6. 887, P=0. 001. When sodium hypochlorite was used as an irrigant, the files demonstrated the shortest fatigue life in the 45o bent glass tube due to high friction and corrosion of the nickel when the applied stresses were above the critical stress for martensite transformation.^When low-surface-tension irrigants (SADS and Delmopinol) were used, the files demonstrated the longest fatigue life in the 45 o bent glass tube due to better lubrication and friction reduction. It was confirmed that NiTi file failure occurs at mean surface strain values of 3-4%, irrespective of surface finish or degree of file curvature. Number of cycles to failure is significantly increased in the presence of surface-energy-reducing substances, both as coatings and as lubricants, separately or in combination. Failure is accelerated by corrosive attack of NaOCl (bleach) during rotational bending producing tensile-compressive transitions from the austenitic to martensitic atomic structures. Even in this latter case, reduction of crack-opening surface friction is the proposed beneficial mechanism.

Download or read book Low Cycle Fatigue of Nickel Titanium Rotary Root Canal Instruments written by Shun-Pan Gary Cheung and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Torsional Cyclic Fatigue of an Endodontic Nickel titanium Rotary Instrument microform written by Andrew Sheldon Best and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 2003 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fractographic and Fatigue Analyses of Nickel Titanium Rotary Endodontic Instruments written by Thomas A. Karn and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Low cycle Fatigue of Nickel titanium Rotary Root canal Instruments written by Shun-pan Cheung (Gary) and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measuring Cumulative Stress of Nickel Titanium Rotary Endodontic Files written by Barton William Putnam and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Torsional Evaluation of Common Endodontic Lubricants Used During Nickel Titanium Rotary Instrumentation written by Warren Amedeo Lawson and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Investigation of Phase Transformation Mechanisms for Nickel titanium Rotary Endodontic Instruments written by Satish B. Alapati and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Nickel-titanium rotary instruments based upon the intermetallic compound NiTi have gained considerable popularity among endodontists because the very low elastic modulus of NiTi enables these instruments to readily negotiate curved root canals during endodontic therapy with a slow-speed handpiece. However, concern about in vivo separation (fracture) of nickel-titanium instruments during treatment is still a major challenge confronting every manufacturer and endodontist, since this often happens without prior warning signs from permanent deformation. NiTi exists in two major microstructural phases: austenite, and martensite. Transformations between these NiTi phases occur rapidly by twinning on the atomic level and are reversible for stresses below the onset of permanent deformation. An intermediate R-phase is also sometimes observed for the transformation between austenite and martensite. The nickel-titanium rotary instruments are intentionally manufactured in the superelastic condition having the fully austenitic structure, which provides the capability of accommodating extensive elastic strain without fracture under clinical conditions associated with conventional root canal therapy. The overall objective of this study was to gain new insight into the microstructural phases in commercial NiTi rotary instruments and their transformations, which would be of scientific importance for development of new instruments with improved clinical performance. The phases present were identified by Micro-XRD (micro-x-ray diffraction) and TMDSC (temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry), using clinically popular ProFile GT and ProTaper nickel-titanium rotary instruments, which have two different cross-sectional designs. Instruments were analyzed in the as-received condition, after clinical use, and following elevated-temperature heat treatments. The first null hypothesis was that microstructural phases and phase transformations do not have an impact on clinical performance and instrument failure. The second null hypothesis was that appropriate heat treatments previously used for orthodontic wires would not result in beneficial changes in microstructural phases that may significantly affect the clinical life of these instruments. Based upon the present research and complimentary previous studies by this investigator, both null hypotheses were rejected. Information obtained from this research should aid future development of improved instruments with reduced likelihood of failure during clinical use.

Download or read book Mastering Endodontic Instrumentation written by John T. McSpadden and published by . This book was released on 2006-11 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Cyclic Fatigue on Static Fracture Loads in ProTaper Nickel Titanium Rotary Instruments written by Cheryl Joy Ullmann and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Fatigue and Metal Surface Treatment on Dental Ceramics Bond Strength to Titanium Alloy Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting written by Maja Antanasova and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Coatings Orientants on Antifriction Properties of Lubricants in Tribounits Under Boundary Lubrication written by VA. Levchenko and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of some carbon coatings deposited on steel surfaces on lubricating properties of oils is investigated. The friction tests were carried out by using two test configurations: "ball-on-disk" and "ring-to-ring." Friction surfaces were coated by carbon of two types: monocrystalline and amorphous ones. As lubricants some model and commercial oils were used. It is found that the friction coefficient and its temperature dependence differ significantly for carbon films under study. The obtained results were attributed to a different orientating effect of these coatings on structural ordering in boundary layers, which structure is considered as a mesophase of liquid crystals. The findings suggest that the carbon coatings with orientating effect on boundary layers are advantageous for improving antifriction characteristics and for governing processes of boundary lubrication.

Download or read book Harty s Endodontics in Clinical Practice E Book written by Bun San Chong and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a guide to proven, current clinical endodontic practice. It is designed, primarily, with the undergraduate readership in mind but is also suitable for anyone pursuing specialist training, including extended skills in endodontics, and general dental practitioners undertaking CPD, or wishing to keep up-to-date. The seventh edition is available with an online question bank containing MCQs and Clinical Cases. - Practical approach to the subject, taking the reader through every step of endodontic practice from its scientific basis to patient assessment and through to clinical techniques - Helpful pedagogic features – including Learning Outcomes and Summary Boxes – help reinforce learning - International experts and contributors help ensure good coverage and currency of information - Explores areas of debate when they exist to reflect differing approaches to treatment intervention - Explains the potential impact of systemic conditions and disorders, as well as medications, on endodontic treatment planning and management - Discusses the diagnosis of orofacial pain and the appropriate use of antibiotics and analgesics - Explores the maintenance of pulp vitality and the prevention of apical periodontitis in the context of operative dentistry - Provides an overview of instruments and devices used during endodontic treatment - Describes the fundamental principles of canal filling using gutta-percha, as well as the use of alternative materials, and newer root filling techniques - Discusses the management of dental trauma with emphasis on accurate diagnosis, timely and appropriate treatment, and follow-up - Explores the interface between endodontic-periodontal disease in the context of diagnosis, treatment and prognostic assessment - Discusses common challenges such as inadequate pain control and problems with preparation and filling of the root canal system - Written at a level which is ideal for dental students, general dental practitioners and those pursuing specialist training or seeking to keep up-to-date - Comes with access to an online question bank containing a wide range of MCQs and Clinical Cases to help reinforce learning! - Richly illustrated with over 80 colour artworks – many created by the Gray's Anatomy illustration team – and 350 photographs, many of which are previously unpublished - Explores advances in our understanding of the role of microorganisms in the pathogenesis of pulpal and periradicular diseases and the role of host defence response against root canal infection - Explores the use of newer imaging techniques such as three-dimensional tomography in determining pulp space anatomy and in treatment planning - Explains recent advances in material technology, molecular biology and regenerative medicine in the management of deep caries and maintenance of pulp vitality - Explores the effective use of existing and newer chemomechanical preparation techniques and intracanal medication for thorough root canal system decontamination - Explores advances in the techniques available for restoring endodontically treated teeth

Download or read book Endodontic Irrigation written by Bettina Basrani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-17 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the available information on bacterial disinfection in endodontics, with emphasis on the chemical treatment of root canals based on current understanding of the process of irrigation. It describes recent advances in knowledge of the chemistry associated with irrigants and delivery systems, which is of vital importance given that chemical intervention is now considered one of the most important measures in eliminating planktonic microbes and biofilms from the infected tooth. Recommendations are made regarding concentrations, exposure times and optimal sequences. Possible complications related to the use of the different solutions are highlighted, with guidance on response. In addition, clinical protocols are suggested on the basis of both clinical experience and the results of past and ongoing research. Throughout, a practical, clinically oriented approach is adopted that will assist the practitioner in ensuring successful endodontic treatment.

Download or read book Shape Memory Alloys for Biomedical Applications written by T Yoneyama and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-11-21 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory alloys are suitable for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as dentistry, bone repair and cardiovascular stents. Shape memory alloys for biomedical applications provides a comprehensive review of the use of shape memory alloys in these and other areas of medicine.Part one discusses fundamental issues with chapters on such topics as mechanical properties, fabrication of materials, the shape memory effect, superelasticity, surface modification and biocompatibility. Part two covers applications of shape memory alloys in areas such as stents and orthodontic devices as well as other applications in the medical and dental fields.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Shape memory alloys for biomedical applications is an essential reference for materials scientists and engineers working in the medical devices industry and in academia. - A comprehensive review of shape memory metals and devices for medical applications - Discusses materials, mechanical properties, surface modification and biocompatibility - Chapters review medical and dental devices using shape memory metals, including stents and orthodontic devices

Download or read book Pediatric Endodontics written by Anna Fuks and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-25 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides dental professionals with a clear understanding of current clinical and scientific knowledge on the various aspects of pulp treatment for both primary and young permanent teeth. Diagnostic parameters are clearly presented, along with step-by-step descriptions of clinical procedures, including indirect and direct pulp treatments, pulpotomy, and pulpectomy. The rationale for the materials used in each technique and their individual merits and disadvantages are examined in detail. In the case of pulpotomy, all the materials used since the introduction of this treatment modality are discussed (e.g., formocresol, glutaraldehyde, ferric sulfate, and MTA) and the roles of sodium hypochlorite, electrofulguration, and laser therapy are elucidated. Special attention is devoted to pulpectomy and root canal treatment, with consideration of debriding and obturation techniques, rinsing solutions, and root-filling pastes. A further individual chapter is dedicated to restorations of teeth treated with the different types of pulp therapy. The various conservative treatment modalities are also presented, including specific treatments for immature nonvital permanent teeth. The concluding chapter looks to the future and the potential value of stem cells in pulp therapy.​

Download or read book Proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials written by Ubaidillah Sabino and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-01 with total page 813 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials (ICE-SEAM 2019), held on 16–17 October 2019 in Surakarta, Indonesia. It focuses on two relatively broad areas – advanced materials and sustainable energy – and a diverse range of subtopics: Advanced Materials and Related Technologies: Liquid Crystals, Semiconductors, Superconductors, Optics, Lasers, Sensors, Mesoporous Materials, Nanomaterials, Smart Ferrous Materials, Amorphous Materials, Crystalline Materials, Biomaterials, Metamaterials, Composites, Polymers, Design, Analysis, Development, Manufacturing, Processing and Testing for Advanced Materials. Sustainable Energy and Related Technologies: Energy Management, Storage, Conservation, Industrial Energy Efficiency, Energy-Efficient Buildings, Energy-Efficient Traffic Systems, Energy Distribution, Energy Modeling, Hybrid and Integrated Energy Systems, Fossil Energy, Nuclear Energy, Bioenergy, Biogas, Biomass Geothermal Power, Non-Fossil Energies, Wind Energy, Hydropower, Solar Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, Electrification, and Electrical Power Systems and Controls.