Download or read book Individual Differences Structural Characteristics of Organizational Positions and Plant Effects on Responses written by Charles L. Hulin and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report investigates the generalizability--across two printing plants of the same organization--of the nature, form, and strength of the relationships of objective profiles of employees' positions in the organizational structure and their demographic background to evaluations and perceptions of the work environment. Four separate cross-plant discriminant function analyses were performed. In each analysis, groups were defined jointly by their plant membership and demographic (age, educational level) or structural characteristic (functional specialty, job level). Large between-plant differences on job attitudes were found. In addition, organizational structure variables accounted for more variation in attitudinal responses, but individual difference characteristics displayed greater trans-plant consistency. Job satisfaction variables contributed most to differentiation among groups. Perceptual and motivational measures were less relevant for describing group differences. Further, the discriminant functions which separated groups by structural or demographic dimensions were qualitatively different in each case. Whether the relationship between individual differences and job responses is monotonic or non-monotonic depended upon the type of dependent measure examined.
Download or read book Behavior Society written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book R D Abstracts written by Technology Reports Centre (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1976-11 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Organizational Design Remodelling organizations and their environments written by Paul C. Nystrom and published by Oxford ; Toronto : Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive survey that summarizes and reinterprets current research and indicates new directions in organizational theory. Focuses on processes of change within organizations, including control systems, interdepartmental relations, and job design.
Download or read book The Perceived Structure of Organizations written by Andres Inn and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multidimensional scaling of judgements of similarity among organizational positions revealed three perceived dimensions not necessarily consistent with objective dimensions of organizations. These were management-worker dichotomy, management hierarchy, and proximity to production. Emphases placed on these three dimensions were related to personal characteristics of judges as well as to their experiences in the organization. Locations of subjects' organizational positions in perceived space accounted for a small but significant portion of attitude variance. Differences between objective and perceived dimensions in accounting for relevant response variance are discussed. (Author).
Download or read book The Structuring of Organizations written by Henry Mintzberg and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesizes the empirical literature on organizationalstructuring to answer the question of how organizations structure themselves --how they resolve needed coordination and division of labor. Organizationalstructuring is defined as the sum total of the ways in which an organizationdivides and coordinates its labor into distinct tasks. Further analysis of theresearch literature is neededin order to builda conceptualframework that will fill in the significant gap left by not connecting adescription of structure to its context: how an organization actuallyfunctions. The results of the synthesis are five basic configurations (the SimpleStructure, the Machine Bureaucracy, the Professional Bureaucracy, theDivisionalized Form, and the Adhocracy) that serve as the fundamental elementsof structure in an organization. Five basic parts of the contemporaryorganization (the operating core, the strategic apex, the middle line, thetechnostructure, and the support staff), and five theories of how it functions(i.e., as a system characterized by formal authority, regulated flows, informalcommunication, work constellations, and ad hoc decision processes) aretheorized. Organizations function in complex and varying ways, due to differing flows -including flows of authority, work material, information, and decisionprocesses. These flows depend on the age, size, and environment of theorganization; additionally, technology plays a key role because of itsimportance in structuring the operating core. Finally, design parameters aredescribed - based on the above five basic parts and five theories - that areused as a means of coordination and division of labor in designingorganizational structures, in order to establish stable patterns of behavior.(CJC).
Download or read book Species Diversity and Community Structure written by Teiji Sota and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-30 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces recent progress in the study of species diversity and community structures in terrestrial organisms conducted by three groups at Kyoto University. First, it explains species diversity and the functioning of fungi in Asian regions as outlined by metagenomic approaches using next-generation sequencing technology. The advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies accelerate the speed of species inventorying, especially for microorganisms. Second, the study of complex interactions between herbivorous insects and plants in the community and ecosystem contexts is presented. Recent studies in community and ecosystem genetics shed light on these complex interactions with novel approaches incorporating genetic perspectives including genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity in plant defenses against herbivores. Finally, recent studies on speciation processes in insects are described, processes that are related to the evolution of particular life history strategies. Included is an examination of two hypotheses that may be important in understanding diversification of insect species in heterogeneous environments in space and time. This book is a valuable resource especially for ecologists who are interested in species diversity and community structure.
Download or read book Individual Differences and Responses to Job Structural Attributes written by Edward J. O'Connor and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government reports annual index written by and published by . This book was released on 199? with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Functional Diversity written by Eric Garnier and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological diversity, the variety of living organisms on Earth, is traditionally viewed as the diversity of taxa, and species in particular. However, other facets of diversity also need to be considered for a comprehensive understanding of evolutionary and ecological processes. This novel book demonstrates the advantages of adopting a functional approach to diversity in order to improve our understanding of the functioning of ecological systems and theircomponents. The focus is on plants, which are major components of these systems, and for which the functional approach has led to major scientific advances over the last 20 years. PlantFunctional Diversity presents the rationale for a trait-based approach to functional diversity in the context of comparative plant ecology and agroecology. It demonstrates how this approach can be used to address a number of highly debated questions in plant ecology pertaining to plant responses to their environment, controls on plant community structure, ecosystem properties, and the services these deliver to human societies. This research level text will be of particular relevance and use tograduate students and professional researchers in plant ecology, agricultural sciences and conservation biology.
Download or read book Employee Responses to Work Unit Structure and Job Design written by Jon Lepley Pierce and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Terrestrial Biosphere and Global Change written by Brian Walker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-03-25 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarises understanding of global change interactions with terrestrial ecosystems.
Download or read book Memory and Learning in Plants written by Frantisek Baluska and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-23 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assembles recent research on memory and learning in plants. Organisms that share a capability to store information about experiences in the past have an actively generated background resource on which they can compare and evaluate coming experiences in order to react faster or even better. This is an essential tool for all adaptation purposes. Such memory/learning skills can be found from bacteria up to fungi, animals and plants, although until recently it had been mentioned only as capabilities of higher animals. With the rise of epigenetics the context dependent marking of experiences on the genetic level is an essential perspective to understand memory and learning in organisms. Plants are highly sensitive organisms that actively compete for environmental resources. They assess their surroundings, estimate how much energy they need for particular goals, and then realize the optimum variant. They take measures to control certain environmental resources. They perceive themselves and can distinguish between ‘self’ and ‘non-self’. They process and evaluate information and then modify their behavior accordingly. The book will guide scientists in further investigations on these skills of plant behavior and on how plants mediate signaling processes between themselves and the environment in memory and learning processes.
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index Keyword A L written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interpretation and Implications of Variability in Ecological Systems written by Robert Klinger and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-07-22 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous hypotheses have been proposed to explain the dynamics in abundance of individual species, how species interact, how communities assemble, and how interactions between biotic and abiotic processes shape ecosystem stability. Many if not most of these hypotheses find some degree of support, but often only within relatively narrow spatial and temporal ranges. This is because conditions vary over time and from place to place, and so the strength and extent of processes that were the focus of a given a hypothesis become altered by other forces. Ecologists have confronted variability from two perspectives; conceptual and statistical. Conceptually, spatial and temporal variability are now recognized as being scale dependent and hierarchical. Statistically, there are many models that ecologists readily use that account for the hierarchical and scale-dependence of variability present in many datasets. But linking the two perspectives into a meaningful understanding of what variability means in real systems has been much less successful. For example, it is common to see studies where the fixed effects of a generalized linear mixed model are reported, but very often random effects are completely ignored or, at best, given scant attention. The likelihood of this being a significant problem increases greatly in what are rapidly becoming more common studies that utilize datasets spanning long temporal and/or large spatial scales, or when extreme and often unpredictable events (gray and black swans) occur.
Download or read book Effects of Organizational Structure on Performance written by Victoria Yu-yu Jin and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multi-person, model-driven experiment has been designed on the basis of a mathematical model of distributed tactical decision making. Two organizational structures are used in the investigation: a parallel one and a hierarchical one. The performance of the organization is measured in terms of its response time and accuracy. These two measures represent team performance. In addition, the cognitive workload of decision makers (DMs) during the execution of the task is estimated because bounded rationality imposes a limitation on the human's capability for processing information and making decision. The results show that interaction among DMs compensates for differences in individual performance characteristics. Individual differences have more influence on performance in the organization in which DMs have more autonomy in making decisions than in the organization in which individual decisions are coupled with the decisions of other organization members. When available decreases, time pressure is introduced in the organization and DMs have to adjust their processing rate. The experimental results confirm a hypothesis which predicts that with decreasing available time, a significant degradation of performance occurs first in the organization which has the highest minimum feasible workload. (jhd).
