Download or read book Individual County and State Level Determinants of Parent reported Need and Unmet Need for Physical Occupational and Speech Therapy Services Among Young Children with Developmental Delay written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objectives: The purpose of this project was to better understand perceptions of need and unmet need for physical, occupational, and speech therapy services among parents and providers of children living in the U.S. with developmental delay. The specific aims were to: 1) examine individual-level determinants of parent-reported need and unmet need for therapy services among a national sample of children; 2) investigate county-level determinants of unmet therapy need in the state of Wisconsin; and 3) determine the extent to which between-state variation in parent-reported need and unmet need for therapy could be explained by state-level policies. Methods: For Aim 1 I employed multivariate logistic regression using data from the 2009-2010 National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs (NS-CSHCN). For Aim 2 I conducted a thematic content analysis with data collected from parents and providers affiliated with 11 county-level Part C Early Intervention (EI) programs throughout the state of Wisconsin to identify facilitators and barriers in meeting the therapy and educational needs of children. For Aim 3 I employed Hierarchical Generalized Linear Modeling using data from the 2009-2010 NS-CSHCN to model between-state variation in parent-reported need and unmet need for therapy services. Results and Conclusions: Simultaneously exploring differences in parent-reported need and unmet need for therapy services (Aim 1) uncovered a larger racial/ethnic disparity in "true" unmet need for therapy services than would have been reported using only parent-reported unmet therapy need. At the county level (Aim 2), breakdowns in communication between Part C EI programs and clinic-or hospital-based services resulted in families getting caught between these different service systems, and struggling to reconcile differing opinions. Finally, where a child lives matters in terms of meeting his or her service needs. A number of important differences exist between rural and urban Part C EI programs with regard to communication, staffing, scheduling, and community resources (Aim 2). Furthermore, restrictive state-level Part C EI and Medicaid/SCHIP policies were associated with increased rates of parent-reported unmet need. These policies explained 29.4% and 93.2% of the between-state variance in parent-reported need and unmet need for therapy, respectively.
Download or read book Report of the Surgeon General s Conference on Children s Mental Health written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by Health and Human Services Department. This book was released on 2000 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conference held Sept. 18-19, 2000, Washington, DC. The purpose of the conference was to engage a group of citizens in a thoughtful, meaningful dialogue about issues of prevention, identification, recognition, and referral of children with mental health needs to appropriate, evidence-based treatments or services.
Download or read book America s Children written by Institute of Medicine and National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-10-27 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's Children is a comprehensive, easy-to-read analysis of the relationship between health insurance and access to care. The book addresses three broad questions: How is children's health care currently financed? Does insurance equal access to care? How should the nation address the health needs of this vulnerable population? America's Children explores the changing role of Medicaid under managed care; state-initiated and private sector children's insurance programs; specific effects of insurance status on the care children receive; and the impact of chronic medical conditions and special health care needs. It also examines the status of "safety net" health providers, including community health centers, children's hospitals, school-based health centers, and others and reviews the changing patterns of coverage and tax policy options to increase coverage of private-sector, employer-based health insurance. In response to growing public concerns about uninsured children, last year Congress voted to provide $24 billion over five years for new state insurance initiatives. This volume will serve as a primer for concerned federal policymakers and regulators, state agency officials, health plan decisionmakers, health care providers, children's health advocates, and researchers.
Download or read book Opportunities for Improving Programs and Services for Children with Disabilities written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the general public in the United States assumes children to be generally healthy and thriving, a substantial and growing number of children have at least one chronic health condition. Many of these conditions are associated with disabilities and interfere regularly with children's usual activities, such as play or leisure activities, attending school, and engaging in family or community activities. In their most severe forms, such disorders are serious lifelong threats to children's social, emotional well-being and quality of life, and anticipated adult outcomes such as for employment or independent living. However, pinpointing the prevalence of disability among children in the U.S. is difficult, as conceptual frameworks and definitions of disability vary among federal programs that provide services to this population and national surveys, the two primary sources for prevalence data. Opportunities for Improving Programs and Services for Children with Disabilities provides a comprehensive analysis of health outcomes for school-aged children with disabilities. This report reviews and assesses programs, services, and supports available to these children and their families. It also describes overarching program, service, and treatment goals; examines outreach efforts and utilization rates; identifies what outcomes are measured and how they are reported; and describes what is known about the effectiveness of these programs and services.
Download or read book Parenting Matters written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Download or read book Families Caring for an Aging America written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-08 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Family caregiving affects millions of Americans every day, in all walks of life. At least 17.7 million individuals in the United States are caregivers of an older adult with a health or functional limitation. The nation's family caregivers provide the lion's share of long-term care for our older adult population. They are also central to older adults' access to and receipt of health care and community-based social services. Yet the need to recognize and support caregivers is among the least appreciated challenges facing the aging U.S. population. Families Caring for an Aging America examines the prevalence and nature of family caregiving of older adults and the available evidence on the effectiveness of programs, supports, and other interventions designed to support family caregivers. This report also assesses and recommends policies to address the needs of family caregivers and to minimize the barriers that they encounter in trying to meet the needs of older adults.
Download or read book Investing in the Health and Well Being of Young Adults written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-01-27 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young adulthood - ages approximately 18 to 26 - is a critical period of development with long-lasting implications for a person's economic security, health and well-being. Young adults are key contributors to the nation's workforce and military services and, since many are parents, to the healthy development of the next generation. Although 'millennials' have received attention in the popular media in recent years, young adults are too rarely treated as a distinct population in policy, programs, and research. Instead, they are often grouped with adolescents or, more often, with all adults. Currently, the nation is experiencing economic restructuring, widening inequality, a rapidly rising ratio of older adults, and an increasingly diverse population. The possible transformative effects of these features make focus on young adults especially important. A systematic approach to understanding and responding to the unique circumstances and needs of today's young adults can help to pave the way to a more productive and equitable tomorrow for young adults in particular and our society at large. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults describes what is meant by the term young adulthood, who young adults are, what they are doing, and what they need. This study recommends actions that nonprofit programs and federal, state, and local agencies can take to help young adults make a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. According to this report, young adults should be considered as a separate group from adolescents and older adults. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults makes the case that increased efforts to improve high school and college graduate rates and education and workforce development systems that are more closely tied to high-demand economic sectors will help this age group achieve greater opportunity and success. The report also discusses the health status of young adults and makes recommendations to develop evidence-based practices for young adults for medical and behavioral health, including preventions. What happens during the young adult years has profound implications for the rest of the life course, and the stability and progress of society at large depends on how any cohort of young adults fares as a whole. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults will provide a roadmap to improving outcomes for this age group as they transition from adolescence to adulthood.
Download or read book Patient Safety and Quality written by Ronda Hughes and published by Department of Health and Human Services. This book was released on 2008 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nurses play a vital role in improving the safety and quality of patient car -- not only in the hospital or ambulatory treatment facility, but also of community-based care and the care performed by family members. Nurses need know what proven techniques and interventions they can use to enhance patient outcomes. To address this need, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), with additional funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, has prepared this comprehensive, 1,400-page, handbook for nurses on patient safety and quality -- Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. (AHRQ Publication No. 08-0043)." - online AHRQ blurb, http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/
Download or read book Rehabilitation Dose and Motor Outcomes for Infants and Children with Cerebral Palsy written by Rachel L. Bican and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood occurring due to an injury to the developing brain. Risk factors for CP include both medical history of the child and family-level characteristics, including income and location of habitancy. However, predicting severity of CP at birth can be challenging, as it is dependent on the interaction between non-modifiable factors, such as medical and family history, and modifiable factors, such as dose and timing of rehabilitation interventions. Many children with CP demonstrate delays in critical developmental skills, including gross motor, fine motor, cognitive, and language skills. As such, children with CP often receive rehabilitation services, such as physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), and speech and language pathology (SL/P) throughout childhood. The purposes of these research studies were to describe current, clinical dose of rehabilitation services, evaluate the relationship between gross motor function and non-modifiable and modifiable factors, and examine motor outcomes of children with CP from different county-level habitancies (non-Appalachian and Appalachian counties in Ohio). Aim 1 described the current, clinical dose of rehabilitation services for children with CP. Specifically, we described the frequency, time, and type of rehabilitation delivered through clinical care services for PT, OT, and SL/P. Dose of rehabilitation services were collected via parent report and all participants were recruited a single, large pediatric hospital system. The results of this aim suggest that children with CP receive low doses of therapy and are often seen at the same frequency, regardless of severity of CP. Aim 2 investigated the relationship between gross motor function, as measured by the Gross Motor Function Measure, 88 item test and (1) non-modifiable factors (medical history and family-level characteristics); and (2) modifiable characteristics (dose of rehabilitation services). Our study found that there were no relationships between gross motor function, medical history, family-level characteristics, or dose of rehabilitation services. These results suggest that although medical history and family-level characteristics influence risk of CP, they may not be good predictors of severity of CP in childhood. Although dose of rehabilitation services was not found to be related to gross motor function, most children in the sample did not receive enough hours of rehabilitation to make a change in motor skills1 in the time frame examined. Aim 3 evaluated gross motor and developmental skills between children with CP from non-Appalachian and Appalachian counties. Health outcomes for people living in Appalachia have been found to be lower than non-Appalachian counties in the United States. Surprisingly, we found that children with CP from Appalachia demonstrated significantly better motor outcomes, as measured by the Gross Motor Function Measure, 66 item test, when compared to children from non-Appalachian counties. When we examined motor and developmental outcomes, as measured by the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development in infants and toddlers, there were no significant differences between children from non-Appalachian and Appalachian counties. There are several conclusions that can be drawn from this research. First, findings from these studies suggest that children with CP receive an overall low dose of clinical rehabilitation services (PT, OT, and SL/P). Based on best available evidence, it would take a minimum of 5 months for a child to meet a single goal and 10 months for a child to demonstrate motor change at the doses of clinical rehabilitation reported. Second, we found no relationship between gross motor outcomes, non-modifiable factors, and modifiable factors. This suggests that non-modifiable and modifiable factors may not be good predictors for severity of CP. Third, we found that current clinical dose of rehabilitation services is not related to gross motor function, which may be due to the low clinical dose of therapies reported by parents. Finally, children from Appalachian counties demonstrated equal to, or higher, motor skills when compared to children from non-Appalachian counties, which may be due to access to care, family income, or other socioeconomic factors not accounted for within our study.
Download or read book Vibrant and Healthy Kids written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are the foundation of the United States, and supporting them is a key component of building a successful future. However, millions of children face health inequities that compromise their development, well-being, and long-term outcomes, despite substantial scientific evidence about how those adversities contribute to poor health. Advancements in neurobiological and socio-behavioral science show that critical biological systems develop in the prenatal through early childhood periods, and neurobiological development is extremely responsive to environmental influences during these stages. Consequently, social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors significantly affect a child's health ecosystem and ability to thrive throughout adulthood. Vibrant and Healthy Kids: Aligning Science, Practice, and Policy to Advance Health Equity builds upon and updates research from Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity (2017) and From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development (2000). This report provides a brief overview of stressors that affect childhood development and health, a framework for applying current brain and development science to the real world, a roadmap for implementing tailored interventions, and recommendations about improving systems to better align with our understanding of the significant impact of health equity.
Download or read book Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics written by Robert G. Voigt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All-new clinical resource for managing children with developmental and behavioral concerns. Developed by leading experts in developmental and behavioral pediatrics, the all-new AAP Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics gives one place to turn for expert recommendations to deliver, coordinate, and/or monitor quality developmental/behavioral care within the medical home. The one resource with all the essentials for pediatric primary care providers. Evaluation and care initiation: Interviewing and counseling, Surveillance and screening, Psychoeducational testing, Neurodevelopment.
Download or read book Early Intervention for Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Russell Lang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-17 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) programs for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It analyzes current research on early intervention (EI) and explains the importance of accurate, timely detection of ASD in facilitating the use of EI. Chapters address five widely researched EIBI approaches: Discrete Trial Training, Pivotal Response Training, the Early Start Denver Model, Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching, and Enhanced Milieu Teaching. This in-depth study of current EIBI approaches offers a rigorous guide to earlier and more intensive interventions for children with ASD, leading to greater autonomy and improved later life outcomes for individuals. Featured topics include: Parent-implemented interventions and related issues. Evaluations of controversial interventions used with children with ASD. Factors contributing to rising ASD prevalence. Obstacles to obtaining accurate ASD diagnosis in young children. Early Intervention for Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder is an essential resource for researchers, clinicians, and graduate students in developmental, clinical child, and school psychology, behavioral therapy/rehabilitation, social work, public health, educational policy and politics, and related psychology and behavioral health fields.
Download or read book Unclaimed Children written by Jane Knitzer and published by Childrens Defense Fund. This book was released on 1982 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Homelessness Health and Human Needs written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have always been homeless people in the United States, but their plight has only recently stirred widespread public reaction and concern. Part of this new recognition stems from the problem's prevalence: the number of homeless individuals, while hard to pin down exactly, is rising. In light of this, Congress asked the Institute of Medicine to find out whether existing health care programs were ignoring the homeless or delivering care to them inefficiently. This book is the report prepared by a committee of experts who examined these problems through visits to city slums and impoverished rural areas, and through an analysis of papers written by leading scholars in the field.
Download or read book State and Jurisdictional Eligibility Definitions for Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities Under IDEA NECTAC Notes written by Jo Shackelford and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), participating states and jurisdictions must provide services to children who are either experiencing developmental delays, or who have a diagnosed mental or physical condition that has a high probability of resulting in developmental delay. Additionally, states may choose to serve children who are at risk of having substantial developmental delays if early intervention services are not provided. Eligibility criteria used by states influence the numbers and types of children receiving services, the types of services provided, and the cost of the early intervention system. This paper discusses how 50 states and 6 jurisdictions define developmental delay and, as applicable, their approaches to serving children who are at risk. It discusses the wide variability in the types of criteria states use to describe developmental delay and identifies three categories of risk for adverse developmental outcomes used by many states. These include conditions of established risk, biological/medical risk, and environmental risk. Factors that may mediate the impact of risk factors are also noted, including temperament of the child, high self-esteem, good emotional relationship with at least one parent, and successful learning experiences. Definitions related to eligibility under Part C of the IDEA Amendments of 1997 are provided. A summary table lists the following for each state: level of developmental delay required for eligibility; whether or not at-risk infants and toddlers are served; and comments. (Includes 9 references).
Download or read book Case Management written by Mary Hubbard Linz and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.
