Download or read book Individual Choice or Policies Drivers of Female Employment in Europe written by Lone Engbo Christiansen and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Female labor force participation has increased markedly in many European countries during the past decades. Nonetheless, participation rates remain low in some economies, and a significant gender gap persists in most countries. Using micro-level data to control for factors that influence personal choice, we re-examine the determinants of female employment in Europe. The results highlight the importance of positive attitudes towards women working and individual characteristics such as years of education and number of children. However, even after controlling for these factors, policies are also key drivers of female employment.

Download or read book Individual Choice Or Policies written by Lone Christiansen and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Unlocking Female Employment Potential in Europe written by Lone Engbo Christiansen and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an aging population and declining productivity growth, Europe faces serious challenges to raising its output growth. Adding to these challenges are the various gender gaps in the labor market. Despite significant progress in recent decades, there are still fewer women than men participating in Europe’s labor market, and women are more likely to work part time. Furthermore, a smaller share of women reaches the top rungs of the corporate ladder. Could greater gender equality in the labor market help mitigate the slowdown in Europe’s growth potential? Against this backdrop, this paper investigates the drivers of female labor force participation in Europe as well as what effects greater gender diversity in senior corporate positions might have for Europe’s economic performance. Reexamining the factors driving women’s labor force participation is particularly important because in many European countries the process of closing the gender gap has stalled despite greater gender equality in human capital investment, declining birth rates, changing social norms, and equal legal access to employment opportunities. Investigating whether firm performance could be improved if women held a greater share of senior positions is also essential given that the empirical evidence from past research into this question has been inconclusive.

Download or read book Individual Choice or Policies Drivers of Female Employment in Europe written by Lone Engbo Christiansen and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Female labor force participation has increased markedly in many European countries during the past decades. Nonetheless, participation rates remain low in some economies, and a significant gender gap persists in most countries. Using micro-level data to control for factors that influence personal choice, we re-examine the determinants of female employment in Europe. The results highlight the importance of positive attitudes towards women working and individual characteristics such as years of education and number of children. However, even after controlling for these factors, policies are also key drivers of female employment.

Download or read book Working Mothers in Europe written by Ute Gerhard and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to illustrate cross-country variations in mothers' work and care arrangements in Europe, this book fuses a comparative approach towards welfare systems and social policies with an analysis of mothers' social practices in several European countries. The book demonstrates that across Europe, women increasingly retain their jobs after having children but that there are, however, striking differences in labor market participation of women both between and within European countries.

Download or read book Active Labor Market Policy Effects for Women in Europe written by Annette Bergemann and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We survey the recent literature on the effects of active labor market policies on individual labor market outcomes like employment and income, for adult female individuals without work in European countries. We consider skill-training programs, monitoring and sanctions, job search assistance, and employment subsidies. The results are remarkably uniform across studies. We relate the results to the relevant level of female labor force participation"--Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit web site.

Download or read book Women s Employment in Europe written by Jill Rubery and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book aims to provide a systematic and international analysis of key dimensions for understanding women's labour market position; and reveals that to assess future trends it is necessary to look beyond the narrow focus of equal opportunities policies to broader issues of labour market conditions, regulations and policy developments.

Download or read book Childbearing Women s Employment and Work Life Balance Policies in Contemporary Europe written by Ewa Fratczak and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-09-25 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses the relationship between childbearing, paid work and work-life balance policies across Europe in the 21st century, illuminating the uncertainty and risk related to insecure labour force attachment, the incoherence of women's and men's access to education and employment and the unequal share of domestic responsibilities.

Download or read book Western Balkans Increasing Women s Role in the Economy written by Mr.Ruben V Atoyan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Western Balkan countries have some of the lowest female labor force participation and employment rates across Europe. Almost two-thirds of working age women in the region are either inactive or unemployed: a huge bite into human capital for a region that endures high emigration and faces declining working age population. The paper uses both macro- and micro-level data to explore what explains low participation and employment rates among women in the region. Our findings show that improving educational attainment, having a more balanced family leave policy, and reducing tax wedge help improve participation of women in the labor force. However, these measures are not enough to notably improve employability of women, which require stronger growth supported by robust institutions.

Download or read book Development of Culture Welfare States and Women s Employment in Europe written by Birgit Pfau-Effinger and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This refreshing volume provides a theoretical framework for a comprehensive cross-national analysis of the degree and forms of labour market integration of women in three European countries - Finland, West Germany and the Netherlands - from the 1950s until 2000.

Download or read book Fair Play written by Mr.Christian Gonzales and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-02-23 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Staff Discussion Note examines the effect of gender-based legal restrictions and other policy choices and demographic characteristics on female labor force participation. Drawing on a large and novel panel data set of gender-related legal restrictions, the study finds that restrictions on women’s rights to inheritance and property, as well as legal impediments to undertaking economic activities such as opening a bank account or freely pursuing a profession, are strongly associated with larger gender gaps in labor force participation. These factors have a significant additional impact on female labor force participation over and above the effects of demographic characteristics and policies. In many cases, the gender gaps caused by these restrictions also have macro-critical effects in terms of an impact on GDP. The results from this study suggest that it would be beneficial to level the playing field by removing obstacles that prevent women from becoming economically active if they choose to do so. In recommending equal opportunities, however, this study does not intend to render a judgment of countries’ broadly accepted cultural and religious norms.

Download or read book Handbook of Labor Economics written by Orley Ashenfelter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-11-18 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to the continually evolving field of labour economics.

Download or read book Unlocking Female Employment Potential in Europe written by Lone Engbo Christiansen and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an aging population and declining productivity growth, Europe faces serious challenges to raising its output growth. Adding to these challenges are the various gender gaps in the labor market. Despite significant progress in recent decades, there are still fewer women than men participating in Europe’s labor market, and women are more likely to work part time. Furthermore, a smaller share of women reaches the top rungs of the corporate ladder. Could greater gender equality in the labor market help mitigate the slowdown in Europe’s growth potential? Against this backdrop, this paper investigates the drivers of female labor force participation in Europe as well as what effects greater gender diversity in senior corporate positions might have for Europe’s economic performance. Reexamining the factors driving women’s labor force participation is particularly important because in many European countries the process of closing the gender gap has stalled despite greater gender equality in human capital investment, declining birth rates, changing social norms, and equal legal access to employment opportunities. Investigating whether firm performance could be improved if women held a greater share of senior positions is also essential given that the empirical evidence from past research into this question has been inconclusive.

Download or read book Gender Equality at Work Gender Equality in Colombia Towards a Better Sharing of Paid and Unpaid Work written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2023-09-28 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD review of Gender Equality in Colombia: Towards a Better Sharing of Paid and Unpaid Work is the third in a collection of reports focusing on Latin American and the Caribbean countries, and part of the series Gender Equality at Work. The report compares gender gaps in labour and educational outcomes in Colombia with other countries.

Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Family Policy written by Rense Nieuwenhuis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This engaging collection gathers theoretical and empirical insights from leading family policy experts. The authors - representing diverse countries, disciplines, and methods - bring to life the volume's innovative conceptual framework, which is organized around policy institutions, both public and private. The volume closes with a call for new lines of research that should inform family policy scholars for years to come."--Janet Gornick, Professor of Political Science and Sociology, and Director of the Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, USA "Featuring exciting contributors from a range of often-siloed scholarly disciplines, countries and cultures, this Handbook offers nuanced insights into how interacting societal inequality factors influence family policy enactment to reinforce or improve inequality outcomes across gender, class, and nations. It is ambitious, broad-reaching, and succeeds in providing a strategic view within and across nations to inspire thoughtful evidence-based policy implications to improve societies in the future."--Ellen Ernst Kossek, Basil S. Turner Professor of Management, Purdue University, USA This open access handbook provides a multilevel view on family policies, combining insights on family policy outcomes at different levels of policymaking: supra-national organizations, national states, sub-national or regional levels, and finally smaller organizations and employers. At each of these levels, a multidisciplinary group of expert scholars assess policies and their implementation, such as child income support, childcare services, parental leave, and leave to provide care to frail and elderly family members. The chapters evaluate their impact in improving children's development and equal opportunities, promoting gender equality, regulating fertility, productivity and economic inequality, and take an intersectional perspective related to gender, class, and family diversity. The editors conclude by presenting a new research agenda based on five major challenges pertaining to the levels of policy implementation (in particular globalization and decentralization), austerity and marketization, inequality, changing family relations, and welfare states adapting to women's empowered roles

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State written by Daniel Béland and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-27 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the comprehensively-revised second edition of a volume that was welcomed at its first appearance as 'the most authoritative survey and critique of the welfare state yet published'. Its fifty-one chapters have been written by acknowledged experts in the field from across Europe, Australia, and North America. Some chapters are brand new; all have been systematically revised, and they are right up to date. The first seven sections of the book cover the themes of Ethics, History, Approaches, Inputs and Actors, Policies, Policy Outcomes, and Worlds of Welfare. A final chapter is devoted to the future of welfare and well-being under the imperatives of climate change. Every chapter is written in a way that is both comprehensive and succinct, introducing the novice reader to the essentials of what is going on while providing new insights for the more experienced researcher. Wherever appropriate, the handbook brings the very latest empirical evidence to bear. It is a book that is thoroughly comparative in every way. The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State, second edition, is a comprehensible and comprehensive survey of everything that it is important to know about the welfare state in these troubled times. It is an indispensable source for everyone who wants to know what is really going on now, and what is likely to happen next.

Download or read book Women in the Labor Force written by Anna Fruttero and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-02-16 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the increase in female labor force participation over the past three decades, women still do not have the same opportunities as men to participate in economic activities in most countries. The average female labor force participation rate across countries is still 20 percentage points lower than the male rate, and gender gaps in wages and access to education persist. As shown by earlier work, including by the IMF, greater gender equality boosts economic growth and leads to better development and social outcomes. Gender equality is also one of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals that 193 countries committed to achieve by 2030.