Download or read book Understanding the Motivators and Incentives for Voluntary Disclosure written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Incentives for Voluntary Disclosure written by Joshua Ronen and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rule l0b-5 of the 1934 Securities and Exchange Act allows investors to sue firms for misrepresentation or omission. Since firms are principal-agent contracts between owners, contract designers and privately informed managers, owners are the ultimate firms' voluntary disclosure strategists. We analyze voluntary disclosure equilibrium in a game with two types of owners: expected liquidating dividends motivated (VMO) and expected price motivated (PMO). We find that Rule l0b-5: (i) does not deter misrepresentation and may suppress voluntary disclosure or, (ii) induces some firms to adopt a partial disclosure policy of disclosing only bad news or only good news.

Download or read book Voluntary Disclosure Incentives written by Partha Sengupta and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Voluntary Disclosure Incentives written by Christine Cuny and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I investigate the trade-off between capital market incentives, reputational concerns, and administrative costs in the public disclosure decisions of municipal bond issuers. After Ambac's bankruptcy, issuers of insured debt increase disclosure relative to issuers of uninsured debt. After local per capita income declines or expenditures increase, issuers, particularly those with strong electoral incentives and weak voter oversight, reduce disclosure. After the implementation of an online filing repository, issuers with few dissemination channels increase disclosure relative to other issuers. Overall, my findings support a positive relationship between voluntary disclosure, risk, and low-cost dissemination, to the extent reputational capital is not threatened.

Download or read book Chapter 8 written by Wyoming. Air Quality Division and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Voluntary Disclosure Incentives and Earnings Informativeness written by Sugata Roychowdhury and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We propose that the value of the earnings reporting process as an information source lies in limiting delays in the release of bad news either by inducing managers to disclose it voluntarily, or by directly releasing the negative news that managers have incentives to withhold. We compare earnings' informativeness in bad-news and good-news quarters. Using returns to measure news, we find, consistent with our prediction, that earnings' informativeness relative to other sources is higher in bad-news quarters than in good-news quarters. Further, cross-sectional tests indicate that earnings' differential informativeness in bad-news quarters is more pronounced when managers do not voluntarily disclose the news, information asymmetry is stronger, and managers are net sellers of stock.

Download or read book Essays on the Outcomes Incentives and Regulations of Disclosure written by Joshua Alan Lee and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation examines the outcomes, incentives, and regulations surrounding the voluntary and mandatory disclosure of information by public firms. It contains three chapters. Using earnings conference calls as a prevalent setting to examine voluntary disclosure incentives and outcomes, Chapter 1 examines the market response to firms' scripting answers to questions they expect to receive during the question and answer (Q & A) session of the conference call. I hypothesize that firms script their Q & A responses when future performance is poor to avoid disclosing information that can be used in litigation against the firm or as a means of withholding bad news from investors. I develop a measure of Q & A scripting and find evidence that investors react negatively to scripted Q & A.I also find negative returns in the quarter following scripted Q & A suggesting that investors do not fully incorporate the negative signal into the stock price at the time of the conference call. Lastly, I provide evidence of a negative association between Q & A scripting and unexpected earnings for the two quarters following the conference call, suggesting that the negative reaction to scripted calls is warranted given the realization of negative future outcomes. Chapter 2 then focuses on the incentives for firms to provide disclosures prior to raising capital in seasoned equity offerings. Seasoned equity offerings involve significant information asymmetry between the firm and potential investors. Firms can reduce information asymmetry and the cost of obtaining financing by disclosing detailed plans for how the offering proceeds will be used to generate a return for investors. However, disclosure of forward-looking strategic information is costly. A policy of full disclosure can allow competitors to obtain and use proprietary information to the detriment of the firm or can preclude investors from investing in the offering if they disagree with the chosen strategy of the manager. I argue that managers are likely to disclose only if the expected benefits of disclosure outweigh the expected costs. I expect the benefits of disclosure are the lowest for high-ability managers. High-ability managers can credibly convey firm value at the offering date and enjoy lower levels of information asymmetry. Low-ability managers, on the other hand, cannot credibly convey the value of the offering resulting in high levels of information asymmetry at the time of the offering. I provide evidence that low-ability managers are more likely to disclose plans for the offering proceeds than high-ability managers to reduce information asymmetry and the cost of obtaining funds. Finally, Chapter 3 examines the effect of regulation on the disclosure and reporting decisions of banking institutions. All public firms, including banks, must register their securities with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) if they meet certain thresholds. Registered firms must disclose financial information and adhere to strict reporting requirements. These firms are also subject to regulations such as the Sarbanes Oxley Act, which requires costly attestation of the adequacy of the firm's internal controls. In 2012, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act loosened the requirements for banks to register with the SEC. The JOBS Act raised the previous registration threshold of 300 shareholders of record to 1,200 shareholders of record, allowing banks with between 300 and 1,200 shareholders of record the opportunity to deregister their securities without incurring the costs of reducing their shareholders of record to be below the prior threshold. Within the first six months following the JOBS Act, 89 banks deregistered from the SEC, which is large given that only 142 banks deregistered over the ten years prior to the Act. We hypothesize that banks deregister to take advantage of private benefits of control. We find that banks deregistering after the Act have significantly lower institutional ownership, more insider trading and insider loans, and do not display significantly lower asset growth. In contrast to positive returns during pre-JOBS Act deregistration announcements, announcement returns for post-JOBS Act deregistrations are insignificant. By reducing the costs of deregistration, the Act likely allowed banks to capture private benefits while increasing the attractiveness of deregistration for higher growth banks.

Download or read book Three Essays on the Voluntary Disclosure and Managerial Incentive written by Ling Tuo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of an effective corporate communication with all stakeholders including shareholders has been extensively debated in the business literature in the aftermath of 2007-2009 global financial crisis. The key indicator of business value have shifted from accounting profits and stock market performance, formerly, to firm reputation and sustainability performance, currently. Therefore, the transparency and value-relevance of conventional financial reporting has been questioned in terms of its capability to satisfy increasing information needs of all stakeholders. Many doubt whether those traditional financial metrics derived from financial statements can appropriately capture firm & rsquo;s long-term value creation ability. In recent years, users of corporate reports are demanding more relevant financial and non-financial on key performance indicators and forward looking information above and beyond conventional financial statements. To satisfy the demands of information users and decision makers, companies are expected to not only increase their reporting transparency in conventional financial statements but also disclose more inside information to outside public through different types of voluntary disclosure. The first dissertation investigates the role of sustainability report through examining the associations among voluntary disclosure, earnings quality and audit fee. Recently more and more firms begin to release sustainability reports, one important channel of voluntary disclosure, to satisfy the needs of information users and increase the transparency of financial reporting. In this paper, I especially examine the effect of voluntary disclosure quality on those associations. Through Difference-in-Difference test, I find that the release of sustainability report is positively correlated with innate earnings quality and negatively correlated with discretionary earnings quality. Moreover, the positive (negative) correlation between sustainability report and innate (discretionary) earnings quality is more (less) pronounced when the voluntary disclosure quality is high. I also find that the release of sustainability report is associated with higher audit fees and thus it suggests that the sustainability report cannot substitute the traditional financial statement. My conclusions are robust through additional tests of OLS regressions. This paper has important political, academic and industry application. The second dissertation investigates how the firm & rsquo;s cost stickiness strategy is associated with the firm & rsquo;s management earnings forecast (MEF). I conjecture that the managerial incentive regarding the cost strategy and voluntary disclosure strategy are interdependent. When managers choose their cost management, they will also choose the corresponding management earnings forecast strategy to align their interests. Through the empirical tests with a sample between year 2005 and 2011, I find that the firm & rsquo;s level of sticky cost is positively associated with the firm & rsquo;s propensity to issue MEF and the frequency of MEF. Moreover, I find that the firm & rsquo;s level of sticky cost is associated with more good earnings news forecasted by managers. Finally, I find that the relation between cost stickiness and MEF behaviors is more pronounced when the MEF is long-horizon oriented and when the firm efficiency is high. My research builds a link between financial accounting information and managerial accounting information, and also provides new evidence to understand the managerial incentives behind each strategy chosen by managers. This third dissertation investigates how industry peer firms tend to influence the specific firm & rsquo;s voluntary disclosure strategy. Through examining the empirical example of management earnings forecast between 2005 and 2011 and implementing the 2SLS regressions, I find that the specific firm & rsquo;s disclosure frequency, disclosure horizon and the disclosure of bad news are significantly influenced by its peers firms & rsquo; disclosure behaviors. Specifically, the increase in the peers & rsquo; disclosure frequency, disclosure horizon and disclosure of bad news tend to encourage the specific firm to increase its disclosure frequency, disclosure horizon and disclosure of bad news. Moreover, certain firms (such as firms with S & P credit rating, higher profit, larger size or higher market-to-book ratio) tend to be more sensitive to their peer firms & rsquo; voluntary disclosure strategy. Finally, I find that the specific leader-follower relation doesn & rsquo;t exist in the peer effects of disclosure strategy and thus the signaling theory, litigation risk and CEO reputation are more major reasons than herding theory and free rider theory in explaining this phenomenon.

Download or read book The Association Between Selected Corporate Attributes and Management Incentives for Voluntary Accounting Disclosure written by Norma Williams Morris and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Voluntary Disclosure of Evaded Taxes Increasing Revenues Or Increasing Incentives to Evade written by Dominika Langenmayr and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many countries apply lower fines to tax evading individuals when they voluntarily disclose the tax evasion they committed. I model such voluntary disclosure mechanisms theoretically and show that while such mechanisms increase the incentive to evade taxes, they nevertheless increase tax revenues net of administrative costs. I confirm the importance of administrative costs in a survey of German competent local tax authorities. I then test the effects of voluntary disclosure on the tax evasion decision, using the introduction of the 2009 offshore voluntary disclosure program in the U.S. for identification. The analysis confirms that the introduction of voluntary disclosure increases tax evasion.

Download or read book Voluntary Disclosure and Increases in Earnings written by Gregory Smith Miller and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Incentives for the Audit Committee to Signal Their Monitoring Activities Using Voluntary Disclosure in the Audit Committee Report written by Matthew Ray Reidenbach and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation considers whether the audit committee report is used as a signal for the audit committee's monitoring effort. Prior audit committee report research suggests that a shift toward greater voluntary disclosure occurred after the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Pandit et al. 2006). Using agency theory and signaling theory, this dissertation considers several incentives for voluntary disclosure for audit committees to signal their monitoring activity to shareholders: their financial expertise, their reputation, and their compensation structure. Studying a high litigation industry, this dissertation tests whether these incentives are associated with greater voluntary disclosure, providing evidence that both financial expertise and compensation structure are significantly associated with voluntary disclosure. Building upon a small stream of audit committee report literature, this dissertation contributes to the literature by studying voluntary disclosure in a non-traditional setting and providing evidence that audit committees may use their report to signal their unobservable monitoring effort.

Download or read book Voluntary Disclosure in a Multi Audience Setting written by Sanjeev Bhojraj and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate the issue of voluntary disclosure in multi-audience settings by focusing on the electric utility industry as it transitions toward deregulation. We consider three target audiences: industry regulators, capital market participants, and product market competitors. As predicted, we find that utilities tend to disclose less strategic information in jurisdictions where the stranded cost recovery issue is unresolved, consistent with incentives to appear quot;weakquot; to regulators. Further, we find that utilities whose viability in a deregulated environment is more uncertain tend to provide more disclosures, unless they face greater threat from competitors. These results are consistent with prior theoretical research on conflicting disclosure incentives to capital markets versus product markets.Key Words: Voluntary disclosure; Electric utilities; Deregulation.

Download or read book Voluntary Disclosure of Advertising Expenditures written by Ana Vidolovska Simpson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper I examine the incentives for voluntary disclosure of advertising expenditures for a sample of US firms for the period 1994-2003. I estimate proxies for the proprietary costs and valuation benefits of advertising with data from the mandatory disclosure period. My proxy for proprietary costs is an estimate of the spillover effects of advertising. It is measured by the association between a firm's advertising investments and its competitors' market values or future profitability. Valuation benefits are defined by an estimate of the relation between the firm's own advertising outlays and its market value or future operating income. I use these proxies to explain firms' discretionary disclosure decisions and I find that firms, which experienced high proprietary costs (valuation benefits) from advertising during the mandatory disclosure period, are less (more) likely to disclose their advertising expenses in the discretionary disclosure period.

Download or read book Voluntary Disclosure in Asymmetric Contests written by Christian Ewerhart and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the incentives for interim voluntary disclosure of verifiable information in probabilistic all-pay contests with two-sided incomplete information. Private information may concern marginal cost, valuations, and ability. Our main result says that, if the contest is uniformly asymmetric, then full revelation is the unique perfect Bayesian equilibrium outcome. This is so because the weakest type of the underdog reveals her type in an attempt to moderate the favorite while, similarly, the strongest type of the favorite tries to discourage the underdog - so that the contest unravels. This strong-form disclosure principle is robust with respect to correlation, partitional evidence, randomized disclosures, sequential moves, and continuous type spaces. Moreover, the assumption of uniform asymmetry is not needed when incomplete information is one-sided. However, the principle breaks down when contestants are potentially too similar in strength, possess commitment power, or when information is unverifiable. In fact, cheap talk will always be ignored, even if mediated by a trustworthy third party.

Download or read book Disclosure Incentives When Competing Firms Have Common Ownership written by Jihwon Park and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines whether common ownership - i.e., instances where investors simultaneously own significant stakes in competing firms - affects voluntary disclosure. We argue that common ownership (i) reduces proprietary cost concerns of disclosure, and (ii) incentivizes firms to “internalize” the externality benefits of their disclosure for co-owned peer firms. Accordingly, we find a positive relation between common ownership and disclosure. Evidence from cross-sectional tests and a quasi-natural experiment based on financial institution mergers help mitigate concerns that our results are explained by an omitted variable bias or reverse causality. Finally, we find that common ownership is associated with increased market liquidity.

Download or read book Regulating Pension Plan Financial Reporting written by Paul John Marcel Klumpes and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: