Download or read book In the Backrooms of Science written by Stephen R. Barley and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Balancing Acts written by James Conklin and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Balancing Acts is about organizational change. It offers consultants and managers a simple, powerful way to think about change, and describes a four-phase iterative process for implementing change. The book is full of examples of change initiatives in different types of organizations, and confronts head-on the problems and pitfalls that often arise. Conklin explains why organizational change can be so difficult, and shows that by balancing a set of competing psychological and systemic challenges interveners will increase their chance of success. Conklin shows that human groups function as complex systems, and that a change initiative is not a linear progression toward a predefined conclusion. Instead, change is an iterative process that involves a search for feasible and useful solutions. The book's central argument is that while leading or supporting this search, consultants and leaders must balance four critical concerns. They must balance confrontation with compassion, participation with observation, assertion with inquiry, and planfulness with emergence.
Download or read book Introduction to Political Psychology written by Martha L. Cottam and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive, user-friendly introductory textbook to political psychology explores the psychological origins of political behavior. The authors introduce readers to a broad range of theories, concepts, and case studies of political activity to illustrate that behavior. The book examines many patterns of political behaviors, including leadership, group behavior, voting, media effects, race, ethnicity, nationalism, social movements, terrorism, war, and genocide. It explores some of the most horrific things people do to each other, as well as how to prevent and resolve conflict – and how to recover from it. The book contains numerous features to enhance understanding, including text boxes highlighting current and historical events to help students see the connection between the world around them and the concepts they are learning. Different research methodologies used in the discipline are employed, such as experimentation and content analysis. The third edition of the book has two new chapters, one on the media, and one on social movements. This accessible and engaging introductory textbook is suitable as a primary text on a range of upper-level courses in political psychology, political behavior, and related fields, including policymaking.
Download or read book Monkey Two written by Paul Adams and published by eBook Partnership. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1925, the State of Tennessee enacted a law that prohibited the teaching of evolution in public schools, specifically, that man came from apes. The law was immediately challenged by the ACLU and pitted two famous lawyers Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan, a religious Fundamentalist and one-time presidential candidate, in a bruising contest. The case became famous, known as the Monkey Trial.In this fictional trial, a high school teacher was fired for introducing religion into his biology class in the form of criticism of Darwinism. The trial involves expert witnesses from a variety of fields who defend and attack Darwinism, but not merely from a biology point-of-view. There are deep religion/atheism, legal, political, philosophical and cultural issues that are at stake and reflect today's bifurcated society.The Supreme Court cases in the past fifty years on the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment are demonstrated as in disarray especially in school-religion cases. The famous bioatheist, Richard Dawkins, is called out for his trenchant criticism of Christians and distortion of Darwinism to achieve his ends.The lawyers are cut from vastly different cloth - an ex-Vietnam soldier and an anti-war conscientious objector. But the scientific and religious experts do most of the talking from the witness stand.The present book describes the preparation for and First Week of Trial.
Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-12 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oppenheimer written by Charles Thorpe and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when the Manhattan Project was synonymous with large-scale science, physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer (1904–67) represented the new sociocultural power of the American intellectual. Catapulted to fame as director of the Los Alamos atomic weapons laboratory, Oppenheimer occupied a key position in the compact between science and the state that developed out of World War II. By tracing the making—and unmaking—of Oppenheimer’s wartime and postwar scientific identity, Charles Thorpe illustrates the struggles over the role of the scientist in relation to nuclear weapons, the state, and culture. A stylish intellectual biography, Oppenheimer maps out changes in the roles of scientists and intellectuals in twentieth-century America, ultimately revealing transformations in Oppenheimer’s persona that coincided with changing attitudes toward science in society. “This is an outstandingly well-researched book, a pleasure to read and distinguished by the high quality of its observations and judgments. It will be of special interest to scholars of modern history, but non-specialist readers will enjoy the clarity that Thorpe brings to common misunderstandings about his subject.”—Graham Farmelo, Times Higher Education Supplement “A fascinating new perspective. . . . Thorpe’s book provides the best perspective yet for understanding Oppenheimer’s Los Alamos years, which were critical, after all, not only to his life but, for better or worse, the history of mankind.”—Catherine Westfall, Nature
Download or read book Selling Technology written by Asaf Darr and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selling Technology offers a look at high-tech markets from within, through the experience of salespeople, purchasing agents, and engineers who construct markets for emergent technologies through their daily engagement in sales interactions. Although sales occupations comprise 12 percent of the American labor force, sales work has been a neglected area of study. Asaf Darr's ethnographic exploration of the sales process for standard and emergent technology argues that our cultural stereotypes of sales work and salespeople, shaped during the industrial era and through popular images of the Yankee peddler and the car salesman, no longer apply to the changing nature of sales in an information economy. In the high-technology settings in which cutting-edge artifacts are traded, Darr finds that sales work deviates sharply from our traditional cultural images. The educational level and technical skills of the sales force are increasing, sellers' and buyers' engineers engage in co-development, and long-term collaborative relationships are replacing brief sales encounters. A growing number of work tasks and skills previously performed and mastered in the design or production phases have become part of the sale of emergent technology. New control mechanisms over the work of the sales engineers are also appearing. Unlike most ethnographic studies of salespeople, which focus on the insurance, finance, and retail sectors., Darr's groundbreaking book turns to the daily sales practices of an information economy.
Download or read book Transitions in Work and Learning written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-10-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dramatic shift in the American labor market away from manufacturing and the growing gap in earnings between high school and college graduates have contributed to a sense of alarm about the capacity of the nation's schools to supply adequately skilled graduates to the work force. The role that schools can or should play in preparing people to enter the world of work is hotly debated. In an effort to nurture the important and ongoing national dialogue on these issues, the Board on Testing and Assessment asked researchers and policymakers to engage in an interdisciplinary review and discussion of available data and implications for assessment policy. Transitions in Work and Learning considers the role of assessment in facilitating improved labor market transitions and life-long learning of American workers. It addresses the apparent mismatch between skill requirements of high-performance workplaces and skills acquired by students in school, the validity of existing assessment technologies to determine skills and competencies of persons entering various occupations, and ethical and legal issues in the implementation of new testing and certification programs. The book also examines the role of assessment in determining needed skills; developing ongoing education and training; and providing information to employers, prospective workers, and schools.
Download or read book Governance of Science written by Steve Fuller and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 1999-12-16 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does social and political theory have to say about the role of science in society? Do scientists and other professional enquirers have an unlimited 'right to be wrong'? What are the implications of capitalism and multiculturalism for the future of the university? This ground-breaking text offers a fresh perspective on the governance of science from the standpoint of social and political theory. Science has often been seen as the only institution that embodies the elusive democratic ideal of the 'open society'. Yet, science remains an elite activity that commands much more public trust than understanding, even though science has become increasingly entangled with larger political and economic issues. Fuller proceeds by rejecting liberal and communitarian ideologies of science, in favour of a 'republican' approach centred on 'the right to be wrong'. He shows how the recent scaling up of scientific activity has undermined the republican ideal. The centrepiece of the book, a social history of the struggle to render the university a 'republic of science' focuses on the potential challenges posed by multiculturalism and capitalism. Finally, drawing on the science policy of the US New Deal, Fuller proposes nothing short of a new social contract for 'secularizing' science.
Download or read book Technology and Medical Practice written by Boel Berner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advanced technologies being used in diagnosis and care within modern medicine, whilst supporting and making medical practices possible, may also conflict with established traditions of medicine and care. What happens to the patient in a technologized medical environment? How are doctors', nurses' and medical scientists' practices changed when artefacts are involved? How is knowledge negotiated, or relations of power reconfigured? Technology and Medical Practice addresses these developments and dilemmas, focusing on various practices with technologies within hospitals and sociotechnical systems of care. Combining science and technology studies with medical sociology, the history of medicine and feminist approaches to science, this book presents analyses of artefacts-in-use across a variety of settings within the UK, USA and Europe, and will appeal to sociologists, anthropologists and scholars of science and technology alike.
Download or read book Between Craft and Science written by Stephen R. Barley and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between Craft and Science brings together leading scholars from sociology, anthropology, industrial relations, management, and engineering to consider issues surrounding technical work, the most rapidly expanding sector of the labor force. Part craft and part science, part blue-collar and part white-collar, technical work demands skill and knowledge but is rarely rewarded with commensurate status or salary.The book first considers the anomalous nature of technical work and the difficulty of locating it in any conventional theoretical framework. Only an ethnographic approach, studying the actual doing of the work, will make sense of the subject, the authors conclude. The studies that follow report daily practice filled with disjunctures and ironies that mirror the ambiguities of technical work's place in the larger culture. On the basis of those studies, the authors probe questions of policy, management, and education.Between Craft and Science considers the cultural difficulties in understanding technical work and advances coherent, practice-oriented insights into this anomalous phenomenon.
Download or read book Panel on Science and Technology Seventh Meeting written by Panel on Science and Technology. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Making of an Expert Engineer written by James Trevelyan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-09-22 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sets out the principles of engineering practice, knowledge that has come to light through more than a decade of research by the author and his students studying engineers at work. Until now, this knowledge has been almost entirely unwritten, passed on invisibly from one generation of engineers to the next, what engineers refer to asexpe
Download or read book The Entrepreneur as Business Leader written by Silke Scheer and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The governance regime of cognitive leadership, its attractive co-operative features, and the challenges it faces in the process of organizational growth are the topic of Silke Scheer s fascinating study. . . To explore the mutual contingencies of socially shared cognitive frames, social models of task commitment, and work motivation at the empirical level is no easy task. . . her study highlights the practical relevance of the cognitive leadership regime and the characteristic motivational features on which it draws that are widely neglected in the modern theory of the firm. From the foreword by Ulrich Witt We finally have an analysis of management leadership which resolves tensions and brings theory and evidence together in a thoroughly convincing manner. This book shows how effective management leaders can build successful teams, based on commitment and loyalty, by a combination of careful recruitment, selective retention and inspirational empowerment. This significant advance in the literature merits serious attention from economists, psychologists and management scholars interested in the performance of firms. Mark Casson, University of Reading, UK An entrepreneur who decides to found a firm and to hire employees has to tackle two central problems: their employees coordination and motivation. Drawing on findings from cognitive, social and organizational psychology, this book sheds new light on the relevance of bounded rationality and social learning in the process of leadership. Silke Scheer bridges some of the missing links that can be identified within the theory of cognitive leadership and demonstrates how its scope can be broadened by investigating group level processes, and how they can have an impact on the socialization of newcomers. Combining both theoretical and empirical explorations, this book will be of great significance to anyone from a managerial or psychological background that is interested in leadership. Academics and students on business, management and entrepreneurship courses will also find this book invaluable.
Download or read book Digital Oil written by Eric Monteiro and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-11-08 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How is digitalization of the offshore oil industry fundamentally changing how we understand work and ways of knowing? Digitalization sits at the forefront of public and academic conversation today, calling into question how we work and how we know. In Digital Oil, Eric Monteiro uses the Norwegian offshore oil and gas industry as a lens to investigate the effects of digitalization on embodied labor, and in doing so shows how our use of new digital technology transforms work and knowing. For years, roughnecks have performed the dangerous and unwieldy work of extracting the oil that lies three miles below the seabed along the Norwegian Continental Shelf. Today, the Norwegian oil industry is largely digital, operated by sensors and driven by data. Digital representations of physical processes inform work practices and decision-making with remotely operated, unmanned deep-sea facilities. Drawing on two decades of in-depth interviews, observations, news clips, and studies of this industry, Eric Monteiro dismantles the divide between the virtual and the physical in Digital Oil. What is gained or lost when objects and processes become algorithmic phenomena with the digital inferred from the physical? How can data-driven work practices and operational decision-making approximate qualitative interpretation, professional judgement, and evaluation? How are emergent digital platforms and infrastructures, as machineries of knowing, enabling digitalization? In answering these questions Monteiro offers a novel analysis of digitalization as an effort to press the limits of quantification of the qualitative.
Download or read book Government Science and Public Policy written by Panel on Science and Technology. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Anthropology of Writing written by David Barton and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2010-07-08 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The studies included in the book examine quotidien acts of writing and their significance in a textually-mediated world.
