Download or read book Improving Breastfeeding Rates written by Emily H. Emmott and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-02-23 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breastfeeding is championed as an effective way to improve global health, associated with improved health outcomes for children and mothers. Various public health strategies to promote breastfeeding have been developed and implemented for over four decades, yet progress has stagnated, and exclusive breastfeeding rates remain low globally. From an evolutionary anthropological perspective, low breastfeeding rates seem like an 'evolutionary puzzle'; breastfeeding is a behaviour which confers survival and fitness advantage to children and mothers, yet so many mothers do not breastfeed exclusively or at all. Is this a globally maladaptive behaviour? Framing breastfeeding as a maternal investment behaviour, an evolutionary perspective directs us to consider the fitness costs of breastfeeding, together with the role of social learning and cultural norms. Indeed, an evolutionary anthropological perspective provides insights to why some breastfeeding-promotion strategies may have been ineffective, while pointing to potentially promising policies and practices which have been overlooked

Download or read book Improving Breastfeeding Outcomes written by Karen Ann McQueen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breastfeeding is recommended as the optimal source of nutrition for newborns for the first 6 months of life and beyond with the addition of complementary foods. While breastfeeding initiation rates have been increasing, duration rates remain a concern as many women prematurely discontinue due to difficulties encountered rather than maternal choice. In addition, there is a sizable gap between rates of exclusive breastfeeding and current recommendations. Targeting modifiable variables that may be amenable to intervention is one strategy to improve breastfeeding outcomes. One such modifiable variable is breastfeeding self-efficacy. Although research has clearly shown that breastfeeding self-efficacy is predictive of breastfeeding duration and exclusivity, it is unknown whether it can be enhanced to improve breastfeeding outcomes. The purpose of this pilot randomized controlled trial was to examine the feasibility and compliance of a newly developed trial protocol and the acceptability of an intervention to increase breastfeeding self-efficacy in the immediate postpartum period. Secondary outcomes included determining whether there were any trends between groups related to breastfeeding self-efficacy, duration, and exclusivity. Participants included 150 primiparous mothers who were breastfeeding their healthy, full-term infants. Eligible and consenting mothers were randomized to either a control group (standard postpartum care) or an intervention group (standard postpartum care plus the self-efficacy intervention). Participants allocated to the intervention group received three individualized, self-efficacy enhancing sessions with the researcher; two sessions were conducted in hospital, and one was administered via telephone 1 week following hospital discharge. A research assistant blinded to group allocation collected outcome data at 4 and 8 weeks postpartum. The results suggested that the administration of the intervention was feasible and that there was a high degree of protocol compliance; the majority of participants reported that the intervention was beneficial. Secondary outcomes identified that there was a trend among participants in the intervention group to have improved breastfeeding outcomes, including higher rates of breastfeeding self-efficacy, duration, and exclusivity at 4 and 8 weeks postpartum. Preliminary evidence also suggested that the self-efficacy intervention may have assisted to decrease perceptions of insufficient milk supply among the intervention group participants. Overall, the findings from this pilot trial indicated that a larger trial is warranted.

Download or read book Selecting and Using Breastfeeding Tools written by Catherine Watson Genna and published by Praeclarus Press. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sometimes breastfeeding doesn't work for various reasons. Our technological society has come up with a variety of tools for these situations. In Selecting and Using Breastfeeding Tools, lactation consultant Catherine Watson Genna shares her knowledge on which tools to use in various situations, critically reviewing the existing research on a tool category and providing clinical guidance for effective use of each. Each tool entry includes a picture, description, how to use, contact information, price, advantages, disadvantages, and suggested uses. Areas covered by the book include the following: sore nipple treatments nipple everters supplementers cups and spoons fingerfeeders Mothers look to lactation consultants to provide unbiased, scientific information about breastfeeding products. When you can provide this information, family finances, the IBCLC profession, and breastfeeding outcomes all benefit."

Download or read book Review of WIC Food Packages written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-06 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) began 40 years ago as a pilot program and has since grown to serve over 8 million pregnant women, and mothers of and their infants and young children. Today the program serves more than a quarter of the pregnant women and half of the infants in the United States, at an annual cost of about $6.2 billion. Through its contribution to the nutritional needs of pregnant, breastfeeding, and post-partum women; infants; and children under 5 years of age; this federally supported nutrition assistance program is integral to meeting national nutrition policy goals for a significant portion of the U.S. population. To assure the continued success of the WIC, Congress mandated that the Food and Nutrition Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reevaluate the program's food packages every 10 years. In 2014, the USDA asked the Institute of Medicine to undertake this reevaluation to ensure continued alignment with the goals of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. This, the second report of this series, provides a summary of the work of phase I of the study, and serves as the analytical underpinning for phase II in which the committee will report its final conclusions and recommendations.

Download or read book Breastfeeding Programs and Policies Breastfeeding Uptake and Maternal Health Outcomes in Developed Countries written by Cynthia Feltner and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OBJECTIVES: To summarize the effectiveness of community, workplace, and health care system-based programs and policies aimed at supporting and promoting breastfeeding and determine the association between breastfeeding and maternal health. DATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed(r)/MEDLINE(r), the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL(r) from January 1, 1980, to October 12, 2017, for studies relevant to the effectiveness of health care system-based, workplace, and community breastfeeding programs and policies. For evidence on breastfeeding and maternal health, we updated the 2007 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality report on this topic and searched the same databases from November 1, 2005, to October 12, 2017. For studies of breastfeeding programs and policies, trials, systematic reviews, and observational studies with a control group were eligible; we excluded primary care-based programs delivered as part of routine care. For studies related to breastfeeding and maternal health, we included systematic reviews, case-control studies, and cohort studies. REVIEW METHODS: Pairs of reviewers independently selected, extracted data from, and rated the risk of bias of relevant studies; they graded the strength of evidence (SOE) using established criteria. We synthesized all evidence qualitatively. RESULTS: We included 128 studies (137 publications) and 10 systematic reviews. Of these, 40 individual studies were relevant to the effectiveness of breastfeeding programs or policies, and the remainder were relevant to one or more maternal health outcomes. Based on evidence from one large randomized controlled trial (RCT) (Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial [PROBIT], N=17,046) enrolling mothers who intended to breastfeed and nine cohort studies (1,227,182 women), we graded the SOE for the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) as moderate for improving rates of breastfeeding duration. Evidence from eight cohort studies of BFHI (135,983 women) also demonstrates improved rates of breastfeeding initiation (low SOE). Low SOE (k=4 studies; 1,532 women) supports the conclusion that health care education or training of staff alone (without additional breastfeeding support services) does not improve breastfeeding initiation rates. Women, Infants and Children (WIC, a Federal supplemental nutrition program) interventions that focus on peer support are effective in improving rates of breastfeeding initiation and duration (low SOE). We found limited evidence for other (community-based) interventions and no comparative studies on workplace or school-based interventions or harms associated with interventions. For maternal health outcomes, low SOE supports the conclusion that ever breastfeeding or breastfeeding for longer durations may be associated with lower rates of breast cancer, epithelial ovarian cancer, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes, but not fractures. Because of heterogeneity and inconsistent results, we found insufficient evidence on whether breastfeeding is associated with postpartum depression, cardiovascular disease, or postpartum weight change. CONCLUSIONS: The body of evidence for breastfeeding programs and policies was diverse in terms of interventions and settings. Current evidence supports the benefit of BFHI for improving rates of breastfeeding initiation and duration; however, evidence from one large RCT (PROBIT) has limited applicability, and observational studies do not clearly establish the magnitude of benefit. For women enrolled in WIC, low SOE supports peer-support interventions for improving breastfeeding outcomes. The identified associations between breastfeeding and improved maternal health outcomes are supported by evidence from observational studies, which cannot determine cause-and-effect relationships.

Download or read book Infant and young child feeding written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Chapter on Infant and Young Child Feeding is intended for use in basic training of health professionals. It describes essential knowledge and basic skills that every health professional who works with mothers and young children should master. The Model Chapter can be used by teachers and students as a complement to textbooks or as a concise reference manual.

Download or read book Breastfeeding written by Kingsley Emwinyore Agho and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breastfeeding is the preferred method of feeding in early life. It is also one of the most cost-effective childhood survival interventions. Breastfeeding practices are important for preventing child mortality and morbidity, as well as ensuring the optimal growth, health, and development of infants. The public health benefits of breastfeeding have been well documented in the medical literature, and include the following: associations with decreased risk for early-life diseases such as otitis media, respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, and early childhood obesity (to name but a few). This Special Issue book includes a collection of studies on the use of novel methods to improve breastfeeding rates, and research exploring the short- and long-term benefits of breastfeeding for both the infant and mother, including technology-based approaches.

Download or read book Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2003 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WHO and UNICEF jointly developed this global strategy to focus world attention on the impact that feeding practices have on the nutritional status, growth and development, health, and thus the very survival of infants and young children. The strategy is the result of a comprehensive two-year participatory process. It is based on the evidence of nutrition's significance in the early months and years of life, and of the crucial role that appropriate feeding practices play in achieving optimal health outcomes. The strategy is intended as a guide for action; it identifies interventions with a proven positive impact; it emphasizes providing mothers and families the support they need to carry out their crucial roles, and it explicitly defines the obligations and responsibilities in this regards of governments, international organizations, and other concerned parties.

Download or read book Interventions to Improve Breastfeeding Outcomes written by Yvonne Anthonio and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Counselling for Maternal and Newborn Health Care written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2010 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main aim of this practical Handbookis to strengthen counselling and communication skills of skilled attendants (SAs) and other health providers, helping them to effectively discuss with women, families and communities the key issues surrounding pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, postnatal and post-abortion care. Counselling for Maternal and Newborn Health Careis divided into three main sections. Part 1 is an introduction which describes the aims and objectives and the general layout of the Handbook. Part 2 describes the counselling process and outlines the six key steps to effective counselling. It explores the counselling context and factors that influence this context including the socio-economic, gender, and cultural environment. A series of guiding principles is introduced and specific counselling skills are outlined. Part 3 focuses on different maternal and newborn health topics, including general care in the home during pregnancy; birth and emergency planning; danger signs in pregnancy; post-abortion care; support during labor; postnatal care of the mother and newborn; family planning counselling; breastfeeding; women with HIV/AIDS; death and bereavement; women and violence; linking with the community. Each Session contains specific aims and objectives, clearly outlining the skills that will be developed and corresponding learning outcomes. Practical activities have been designed to encourage reflection, provoke discussions, build skills and ensure the local relevance of information. There is a review at the end of each session to ensure the SAs have understood the key points before they progress to subsequent sessions.

Download or read book Breastfeeding and Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes in Developed Countries written by U.s. Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to summarize the literature concerning the relationship of breastfeeding and various infant and maternal health outcomes. Two key questions are addressed: 1. What are the benefits and harms for infants and children in terms of short-term outcomes, such as infectious diseases (including otitis media, diarrhea, and lower respiratory tract infections), sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and infant mortality, and longer term outcomes such as cognitive development, childhood cancer (including leukemia), type I and II diabetes, asthma, atopic dermatitis, cardiovascular disease (including hypertension), hyperlipidemia, and obesity, compared among those who mostly breastfeed, mostly formula feed, and mixed feed; and how are these outcomes associated with duration of the type of feeding? Do the harms and benefits differ for any specific subpopulations based on socio-demographic factors? 2. What are the benefits and harms on maternal health short-term outcomes, such as postpartum depression and return to pre-pregnancy weight, and long-term outcomes, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, diabetes and osteoporosis, compared among breastfeeding, formula feeding, and mixed feeding, and how are these associated with duration of the type of feeding? Do the harms and benefits differ for any specific subpopulations based on socio-demographic factors?

Download or read book Continuity of Care in Breastfeeding written by Karin Cadwell and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Implementing Continuity of Care in Breast Feeding emphasizes quality and continuity of care; management issues; and policies and procedures that support breastfeeding in the hospital setting whether in the inpatient maternity, NICU, or ambulatory care.

Download or read book Infant Feeding written by Isam Jaber Al-Zwaini and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feeding during the first two years of life is very important for the nutrition and growth of an infant. It has a great effect on early morbidity and mortality and long-term effects on health. Breastfeeding has many benefits for both the infant and mother, whereas formula feeding, although associated with disadvantages and problems, can be life-saving for infants who need it. This book examines many aspects of infant feeding and nutrition with chapters covering such topics as the impact of the first 1000 days of nutrition on child health and development, breastfeeding, factors behind the decision to breastfeed or formula feed, and the relationship between breastfeeding and gut microbiota, among others.

Download or read book A Quality Improvement Initiative to Develop and Implement an Infant Feeding Strategy for Healthy Start written by Elaine L. Fitzgerald and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Background: Disparities in breastfeeding rates may contribute to poor health outcomes among Black infants and mothers. There is strong evidence associating breastfeeding with improved health outcomes of conditions that disproportionately affect Black women and children; improving breastfeeding rates among Black women is a potential strategy to address health disparities. Healthy Start, a federally-funded initiative, provides case management and home visiting services to pregnant and postpartum women in 104 communities nationwide. Boston Healthy Start Initiative (BHSI) offers services to self-identified Black women and children and has identified breastfeeding initiation, exclusivity, and duration as areas for improvement.Objective: To use quality improvement (QI) methods to improve perinatal case manager knowledge and self-efficacy to promote breastfeeding among Black women participating in a national program to improve birth outcomes.Methods: We used a QI learning collaborative and rapid Plan Do Study Act (PDSA) cycles to develop an infant feeding strategy that included a training program and Infant Feeding Toolkit. QI activities occurred from May 2011 to April 2012 and were implemented at 4 Boston Healthy Start Initiative sites: 2 community health centers and 2 community-based nonprofit organizations. To assess changes in case manager knowledge and behaviors, we used the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale and developed an Infant Feeding Knowledge Self-Assessment Tool. Additionally, a Site Supervisor Observation Worksheet was created to assess case manager-client interactions to promote and support breastfeeding.Results: The QI learning collaborative successfully standardized the training and assessment of Healthy Start case managers to support breastfeeding. The training resulted in a positive change in infant feeding knowledge and case manager self-efficacy to promote breastfeeding, which was observed in all participating BHSI sites. The implementation of an Infant Feeding Toolkit for Case Managers improved breastfeeding outcomes. Among 24 BHSI participants who delivered infants during the project period. 100% initiated and continued breastfeeding at one week postpartum. and 92% were breastfeeding at 2 weeks postpartum.Conclusion: The QI learning collaborative proved effective as an approach to improve the quality of perinatal case management through the development and implementation of an infant feeding strategy that was feasible to implement at a marginal cost and well received by participants.

Download or read book Guidelines for Perinatal Care written by American Academy of Pediatrics and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide has been developed jointly by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and is designed for use by all personnel involved in the care of pregnant women, their foetuses, and their neonates.

Download or read book An Investment Framework for Nutrition written by Meera Shekar and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Investment Framework for Nutrition: Reaching the Global Targets for Stunting, Anemia, Breastfeeding, and Wasting estimates the costs, impacts, and financing scenarios to achieve the World Health Assembly global nutrition targets for stunting, anemia in women, exclusive breastfeeding and the scaling up of the treatment of severe wasting among young children. To reach these four targets, the world needs US$70 billion over 10 years to invest in high-impact nutrition-specific interventions. This investment would have enormous benefits: 65 million cases of stunting and 265 million cases of anemia in women would be prevented in 2025 as compared with the 2015 baseline. In addition, at least 91 million more children would be treated for severe wasting and 105 million additional babies would be exclusively breastfed during the first six months of life over 10 years. Altogether, achieving these targets would avert at least 3.7 million child deaths. Every dollar invested in this package of interventions would yield between US$4 and US$35 in economic returns, making investing in early nutrition one of the best value-for-money development actions. Although some of the targets—especially those for reducing stunting in children and anemia in women—are ambitious and will require concerted efforts in financing, scale-up, and sustained commitment, recent experience from several countries suggests that meeting these targets is feasible. These investments in the critical 1000-day window of early childhood are inalienable and portable and will pay lifelong dividends—not only for children directly affected but also for us all in the form of more robust societies—that will drive future economies.

Download or read book Nutrition During Lactation written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the basis of a comprehensive literature review and analysis, Nutrition During Lactation points out specific directions for needed research in understanding the relationship between the nutrition of healthy mothers and the outcomes of lactation. Of widest interest are the committee's clear-cut recommendations for mothers and health care providers. The volume presents data on who among U.S. mothers is breastfeeding, a critical evaluation of methods for assessing the nutritional status of lactating women, and an analysis of how to relate the mother's nutrition to the volume and composition of the milk. Available data on the links between a mother's nutrition and the nutrition and growth of her infant and current information on the risk of transmission through breastfeeding of allergic diseases, environmental toxins, and certain viruses (including the HIV virus) are included. Nutrition During Lactation also studies the effects of maternal cigarette smoking, drug use, and alcohol consumption.