Download or read book Improving AUV Localization Accuracy by Combining Ultra short baseline and Long baseline Measurement Systems in a Post processing Extended Kalman Filter written by David Halverson Pick (II) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The University of Idaho (UI), partnered with the Office of Naval Research (ONR), is developing the capability to perform oceanographic survey measurements conducted by autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). Accurate spatial and temporal localization of these measurements is essential to properly correlate electric and magnetic field measurements to the desired reference frame. Previous work at UI has investigated the use of long baseline (LBL), moving short baseline (MSBL), and hybrid baseline (HBL) for navigation and localization. LBL navigation systems can have a high degree of accuracy but have a limited operating range and are not easily re-deployed and surveyed. Field testing operations at the University of Idaho continue to expand, including consideration of ultra-short baseline (USBL) localization and navigation as an alternative or augmentation to existing LBL navigation systems due to advantages in deployability. The acoustic ranging from these systems are used in an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to estimate orientation and position. This information is utilized by the AUV to navigate along a waypoint course and stored in a log for post-process analysis and further study. This paper presents a series of Monte Carlo simulations that were performed to compare the measurement uncertainty between conventional LBL and USBL systems. The simulated North and East position measurements from the USBL were used as additional measurements in a new post-processing EKF. This was performed in several different cases, allowing for the comparison between the legacy EKF and differing variants of a post-processing EKF using USBL measurements. Each of these simulations utilized historic UI field testing LBL range and AUV sensor measurements in addition to simulated USBL measurements.Results from Monte Carlo simulations suggest that USBL localization uncertainty is better than that of LBL, albeit for a smaller operating range. This smaller operating range comes from poor depth uncertainty and a lack of depth telemetry. Additionally, it was found that the addition of USBL measurements to the existing EKF greatly improved the state estimate uncertainty for AUV position over the legacy EKF. USBL systems often provide a telemetry-based depth measurement, which communicates depth from the AUV to the USBL transceiver and greatly improves the uncertainty of the USBL system. When depth telemetry is implemented, the USBL has a lower uncertainty than the EKF does, but the EKF provides additional confidence in the state estimates due to the combination of independent measurement systems and the addition of the AUV kinematic model.
Download or read book Latency and Distortion of Electromagnetic Trackers for Augmented Reality Systems written by Henry Himberg and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Augmented reality (AR) systems are often used to superimpose virtual objects or information on a scene to improve situational awareness. Delays in the display system or inaccurate registration of objects destroy the sense of immersion a user experiences when using AR systems. AC electromagnetic trackers are ideal for these applications when combined with head orientation prediction to compensate for display system delays. Unfortunately, these trackers do not perform well in environments that contain conductive or ferrous materials due to magnetic field distortion without expensive calibration techniques. In our work we focus on both the prediction and distortion compensation aspects of this application, developing a "small footprint" predictive filter for display lag compensation and a simplified calibration system for AC magnetic trackers. In the first phase of our study we presented a novel method of tracking angular head velocity from quaternion orientation using an Extended Kalman Filter in both single model (DQEKF) and multiple model (MMDQ) implementations. In the second phase of our work we have developed a new method of mapping the magnetic field generated by the tracker without high precision measurement equipment. This method uses simple fixtures with multiple sensors in a rigid geometry to collect magnetic field data in the tracking volume. We have developed a new algorithm to process the collected data and generate a map of the magnetic field distortion that can be used to compensate distorted measurement data. Table of Contents: List of Tables / Preface / Acknowledgments / Delta Quaternion Extended Kalman Filter / Multiple Model Delta Quaternion Filter / Interpolation Volume Calibration / Conclusion / References / Authors' Biographies
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Robotics written by Marcelo H. Ang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-13 with total page 4000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Robotics addresses the existing need for an easily accessible yet authoritative and granular knowledge resource in robotic science and engineering. The encyclopedia is a work that comprehensively explains the scientific, application-based, interactive and socio-ethical parameters of robotics. It is the first work that explains at the concept and fact level the state of the field of robotics and its future directions. The encyclopedia is a complement to Springer’s highly successful Handbook of Robotics that has analyzed the state of robotics through the medium of descriptive essays. Organized in an A-Z format for quick and easy understanding of both the basic and advanced topics across a broad spectrum of areas in a self-contained form. The entries in this Encyclopedia will be a comprehensive description of terms used in robotics science and technology. Each term, when useful, is described concisely with online illustrations and enhanced user interactivity (on SpringerReference.com).
Download or read book Optimal State Estimation written by Dan Simon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-06-19 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A bottom-up approach that enables readers to master and apply the latest techniques in state estimation This book offers the best mathematical approaches to estimating the state of a general system. The author presents state estimation theory clearly and rigorously, providing the right amount of advanced material, recent research results, and references to enable the reader to apply state estimation techniques confidently across a variety of fields in science and engineering. While there are other textbooks that treat state estimation, this one offers special features and a unique perspective and pedagogical approach that speed learning: * Straightforward, bottom-up approach begins with basic concepts and then builds step by step to more advanced topics for a clear understanding of state estimation * Simple examples and problems that require only paper and pen to solve lead to an intuitive understanding of how theory works in practice * MATLAB(r)-based source code that corresponds to examples in the book, available on the author's Web site, enables readers to recreate results and experiment with other simulation setups and parameters Armed with a solid foundation in the basics, readers are presented with a careful treatment of advanced topics, including unscented filtering, high order nonlinear filtering, particle filtering, constrained state estimation, reduced order filtering, robust Kalman filtering, and mixed Kalman/H? filtering. Problems at the end of each chapter include both written exercises and computer exercises. Written exercises focus on improving the reader's understanding of theory and key concepts, whereas computer exercises help readers apply theory to problems similar to ones they are likely to encounter in industry. With its expert blend of theory and practice, coupled with its presentation of recent research results, Optimal State Estimation is strongly recommended for undergraduate and graduate-level courses in optimal control and state estimation theory. It also serves as a reference for engineers and science professionals across a wide array of industries.
Download or read book FastSLAM written by Michael Montemerlo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-04-27 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph describes a new family of algorithms for the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem in robotics, called FastSLAM. The FastSLAM-type algorithms have enabled robots to acquire maps of unprecedented size and accuracy, in a number of robot application domains and have been successfully applied in different dynamic environments, including a solution to the problem of people tracking.
Download or read book Underwater Robots written by Gianluca Antonelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the state of the art in underwater robotics experiments of dynamic control of an underwater vehicle. The author presents experimental results on motion control and fault tolerance to thrusters’ faults with the autonomous vehicle ODIN. This second substantially improved and expanded edition new features are presented dealing with fault-tolerant control and coordinated control of autonomous underwater vehicles.
Download or read book A Software Defined GPS and Galileo Receiver written by Kai Borre and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-03 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explore the use of new technologies in the area of satellite navigation receivers. In order to construct a reconfigurable receiver with a wide range of applications, the authors discuss receiver architecture based on software-defined radio techniques. The presentation unfolds in a user-friendly style and goes from the basics to cutting-edge research. The book is aimed at applied mathematicians, electrical engineers, geodesists, and graduate students. It may be used as a textbook in various GPS technology and signal processing courses, or as a self-study reference for anyone working with satellite navigation receivers.
Download or read book Ultra wideband Error Modeling for Improved Localization written by Elizabeth Pedlow and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-wideband (UWB) is a modern range measurement technology which can provide high-speed, low-cost ranging, however UWB measurements can be difficult to model. In an effort to increase accuracy of localization using UWB, this thesis develops models to better understand the complex error patterns of UWB range measurements, specifically how separation distance and relative angle between modules affect error. These models are used to develop three error prediction and correction methods to improve localization: (1) range-based error correction, (2) angle-based error correction, and (3) fused range-angle error correction. While it was found that decreasing mean measurement error does not always decrease localization error, the lowest measurement error and lowest localization error both resulted from the fused error correction method. The fused error model combines the separation distance and relative angle models to predict and correct for range error, decreasing the mean measurement error by over 80%, the mean localization error by approximately 35% when using least squares estimation, and by approximately 56% when smoothing the trajectory with a Kalman Filter.
Download or read book Extended Kalman Filter for Integrating Tracking Data from Ground based Radar and Airborne Global Positioning System written by Mark Peter Green and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multi Camera Networks written by Hamid Aghajan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-04-25 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - The first book, by the leading experts, on this rapidly developing field with applications to security, smart homes, multimedia, and environmental monitoring - Comprehensive coverage of fundamentals, algorithms, design methodologies, system implementation issues, architectures, and applications - Presents in detail the latest developments in multi-camera calibration, active and heterogeneous camera networks, multi-camera object and event detection, tracking, coding, smart camera architecture and middleware This book is the definitive reference in multi-camera networks. It gives clear guidance on the conceptual and implementation issues involved in the design and operation of multi-camera networks, as well as presenting the state-of-the-art in hardware, algorithms and system development. The book is broad in scope, covering smart camera architectures, embedded processing, sensor fusion and middleware, calibration and topology, network-based detection and tracking, and applications in distributed and collaborative methods in camera networks. This book will be an ideal reference for university researchers, R&D engineers, computer engineers, and graduate students working in signal and video processing, computer vision, and sensor networks. Hamid Aghajan is a Professor of Electrical Engineering (consulting) at Stanford University. His research is on multi-camera networks for smart environments with application to smart homes, assisted living and well being, meeting rooms, and avatar-based communication and social interactions. He is Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, and was general chair of ACM/IEEE ICDSC 2008. Andrea Cavallaro is Reader (Associate Professor) at Queen Mary, University of London (QMUL). His research is on target tracking and audiovisual content analysis for advanced surveillance and multi-sensor systems. He serves as Associate Editor of the IEEE Signal Processing Magazine and the IEEE Trans. on Multimedia, and has been general chair of IEEE AVSS 2007, ACM/IEEE ICDSC 2009 and BMVC 2009. - The first book, by the leading experts, on this rapidly developing field with applications to security, smart homes, multimedia, and environmental monitoring - Comprehensive coverage of fundamentals, algorithms, design methodologies, system implementation issues, architectures, and applications - Presents in detail the latest developments in multi-camera calibration, active and heterogeneous camera networks, multi-camera object and event detection, tracking, coding, smart camera architecture and middleware
Download or read book Advancing Autonomous Systems written by Bradley Martin and published by . This book was released on 2018-12 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding GPS written by Elliott D. Kaplan and published by Artech House Mobile Communicat. This book was released on 2006 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Appendix B:Stability Measures for Frequency Sources 665Appendix C:Free-Space Propagation Loss 669; About the Authors 675; Index 683; Mobile Communications Library.
Download or read book Global Positioning Systems Inertial Navigation and Integration written by Mohinder S. Grewal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-03-05 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An updated guide to GNSS and INS, and solutions to real-world GPS/INS problems with Kalman filtering Written by recognized authorities in the field, this second edition of a landmark work provides engineers, computer scientists, and others with a working familiarity with the theory and contemporary applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Inertial Navigational Systems (INS), and Kalman filters. Throughout, the focus is on solving real-world problems, with an emphasis on the effective use of state-of-the-art integration techniques for those systems, especially the application of Kalman filtering. To that end, the authors explore the various subtleties, common failures, and inherent limitations of the theory as it applies to real-world situations, and provide numerous detailed application examples and practice problems, including GNSS-aided INS, modeling of gyros and accelerometers, and SBAS and GBAS. Drawing upon their many years of experience with GNSS, INS, and the Kalman filter, the authors present numerous design and implementation techniques not found in other professional references. This Second Edition has been updated to include: GNSS signal integrity with SBAS Mitigation of multipath, including results Ionospheric delay estimation with Kalman filters New MATLAB programs for satellite position determination using almanac and ephemeris data and ionospheric delay calculations from single and dual frequency data New algorithms for GEO with L1 /L5 frequencies and clock steering Implementation of mechanization equations in numerically stable algorithms To enhance comprehension of the subjects covered, the authors have included software in MATLAB, demonstrating the working of the GNSS, INS, and filter algorithms. In addition to showing the Kalman filter in action, the software also demonstrates various practical aspects of finite word length arithmetic and the need for alternative algorithms to preserve result accuracy.
Download or read book Next Generation Earth System Prediction written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-22 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the nation's economic activities, security concerns, and stewardship of natural resources become increasingly complex and globally interrelated, they become ever more sensitive to adverse impacts from weather, climate, and other natural phenomena. For several decades, forecasts with lead times of a few days for weather and other environmental phenomena have yielded valuable information to improve decision-making across all sectors of society. Developing the capability to forecast environmental conditions and disruptive events several weeks and months in advance could dramatically increase the value and benefit of environmental predictions, saving lives, protecting property, increasing economic vitality, protecting the environment, and informing policy choices. Over the past decade, the ability to forecast weather and climate conditions on subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales, i.e., two to fifty-two weeks in advance, has improved substantially. Although significant progress has been made, much work remains to make S2S predictions skillful enough, as well as optimally tailored and communicated, to enable widespread use. Next Generation Earth System Predictions presents a ten-year U.S. research agenda that increases the nation's S2S research and modeling capability, advances S2S forecasting, and aids in decision making at medium and extended lead times.
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1016 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dual Neural Extended Kalman Filtering Approach for Multirate Sensor Data Fusion with Industrial Applications written by Jingyi Wang and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Kalman filter algorithm and its variants have been widely applied to the multisensor data fusion problems to provide joint state estimation, which is more accurate than estimations from individual sensors. The performance of the Kalman filter based fusion relies on the accuracy of the models as well as process noise statistics. Deviations from correct system models and violations of noise assumptions may lead to unsatisfied sensor fusion results and even divergence. Two types of measurements are typically utilized to estimate process quality variables. One is frequent measurements, which are available at a fast and regular sampling rate but suffer from lower accuracy and higher measurement noises. The other type is infrequent measurements that are available at a slower sampling rate. The infrequent measurements, such as lab analysis results, have less availability but higher accuracy and are usually used as references to improve state estimation. The objective of this thesis is to develop new multirate sensor data fusion algorithms that can compensate for model inaccuracies and violations of noise assumption to improve the online sensor fusion performance. To fulfill this objective, a dual neural extended Kalman filter (DNEKF) algorithm is proposed by employing two neural networks to improve state estimation and output predictions. Using both frequent and infrequent measurements enables the DNEKF to provide more reliable training for the neural networks and hence to provide more robust and reliable sensor fusion results. Additionally, infrequent measurements are usually subject to irregular sampling rate and time-varying time delays. To address these problems while preserving the estimation accuracy, a fusion method that fuses frequent DNEKF estimates with infrequent estimates from the state model compensation NEKF (SNEKF) is proposed. In this approach, frequent and infrequent estimates are fused in the fusion center when the delayed infrequent measurements arrive. The weights and biases of the state model compensation neural network (SNN) are shared between the two synchronized estimation processes. In the primary separation cell (PSC) used for oil sands bitumen extraction, the interface level estimation is based on various sensors. Image processing based computer vision system, which uses a camera to capture sight glass vision frames, is considered to be the most accurate among these sensors. Although the accuracy of computer vision interface level estimation is high, its qualities are influenced by abnormalities, such as vision blocking, stains, and level transition between sight glasses. Under such abnormal scenarios, a sensor fusion strategy, which adaptively updates the fusion parameters, is proposed and integrated with the image processing based computer vision system. The performance of the proposed fault-tolerant multirate sensor fusion algorithms is demonstrated using numerical examples and case studies with industrial process data. The factory acceptance test (FAT) was conducted for the sensor fusion and computer vision integrated system in the computer process control (CPC) industrial research chair (IRC) lab under industrial environmental conditions and it demonstrated the improved estimation accuracy under various process abnormalities.
Download or read book OCEANS 2016 Shanghai written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers on ocean technology, exhibits from ocean equipment and service suppliers, student posters and student poster competition, tutorial on ocean technology, workshops and town hall meetings on policy and governmental process.
