Download or read book Implementing Educational Policies in Zambia written by Paul Pius Waw Achola and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1990 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the time of independence from Britain in 1964, the educational system in Zambia was, as elsewhere in Africa, racially segregated and heavily biased against Africans. This paper briefly reviews the situation at independence before enumerating post-independence educational policy landmarks through both acts of Parliament and national development plans and related documents. It discusses successes and failures in program implementation as evidenced by internal and external efficiency criteria. Particularly the primary school system has expanded substantially, although there exists little data about internal efficiency. Nevertheless, the young and growing population continues to put pressure on the system -- a doubling of primary school places by the year 2000 would be necessary simply to maintain the present gross enrollment rates. High rates of unemployment, especially after completion of primary and secondary school, point to poor external efficiency. Other factors contributing to problems with the successful implementation of educational policies have been a poor economy, inadequate supply of teachers above the primary level, problems with curriculum relevance, and an entrenched debate about the merits of English language versus native language teaching.
Download or read book Implementing Education Policies written by Jonathan D. Jansen and published by Juta and Company Ltd. This book was released on 2001 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1994, there have been major attempts to change educational policy in order to meet the economic demands of South Africa and equalize education for all. Implementation of this policy is the big challenge. Through critical commentary and analysis, this book brings into focus the various policy documents that have been produced since the early 1990s. It looks at the history of education policy, why coherent policy is necessary, how it should be implemented and, most critical of all, it discusses the importance of education management and delivery.
Download or read book Ferment in Education written by John J. Lane and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1995-11-05 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book lays no claim to uncovering the full range of problems confronting education elsewhere. It shows, however, the great importance attached to education in a variety of contexts, all of which are marked by dramatic social changes that place heavy demands upon the schools. How can studies in comparative education play a role in such settings? Some authors applaud the development of this field because of the opportunity it provides for systematic cross-national studies of educational problems. Others caution against accepting the findings of what they regard as ill-conceived studies that compare educational achievement among nations.
Download or read book Implementing Educational Policies in Sub Saharan Africa written by John E. Craig and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementing Educational Policies in Lesotho written by T. Sohl Thelejani and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1990 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Lesotho became independent (1966), education was inadequate in scope, quantity and quality. After independence, the role of education was seen to be the production of two kinds of indigenous manpower -- administrators to run the civil service and scientists and technicians. With the help of outside experts, educational policies were developed and codified in a series of three Five-Year Development Plans. This paper reviews the progress of educational development according to the development plans and evaluates their implementation. Some programs have been successfully implemented, including those for book supply, classroom building, non-formal education, the establishment of educational associations, and the replacement of small church-run teacher training colleges by a national college. The country experienced a steady increase in the number of students and schools. However, the "push out" rate is so high that only 14 percent of primary school entrants continue on to secondary school. Other problems include non-attainment of the goal of universal primary education, an apparent decline in educational quality, teacher shortages, insufficient training in the English language, lack of employment opportunities even for graduates, and practical studies that are not relevant to rural economic activities.
Download or read book The Emergence of Teacher Education in Zambia written by Brendan P. Carmody and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2020-05-01 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a detailed history of the development of teacher education in Zambia. Also analysed is the nature of education offered at different times and how the teacher and his/her education reflect this, arguing the need for a fundamentally new philosophy of education and a mode of teacher formation in line with it.
Download or read book Implementing Educational Policies in Swaziland written by Cisco Magalula and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1990 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the time of independence from Britain in 1968, education in Swaziland was characterized by poor quality, uneven distribution of schools, high dropout and repeater rates, serious teacher shortages, and inappropriate and highly academic curricula. This paper describes the status of present-day education in Swaziland in terms of the effect of government policies on the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors. Because current trends in education are the cumulative result of policies followed since independence, the historical development of educational policy is traced in quinquennials that correspond to each of the four post-independence five-year National Development Plans. The policies of the first three five-year periods are followed by an appraisal of the achievements and failures of the period with regard to policy objectives and policy procedures. The final chapter on the Fourth Plan (1984-88) lists priority areas for continued improvement : a) improved teacher training; b) curriculum development; c) support to the sector from the Ministry of Education; and d) more systematic educational planning, monitoring and evaluation.
Download or read book The Provision of Education for All written by University of Zambia. Educational Reform Implementation Project and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementing Educational Policies in Ethiopia written by Fassil R. Kiros and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1990 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes in detail the historical roots of the modern Ethiopian educational system. Ethiopia began a program of modernization and development upon liberation in 1941. By 1961 the country's educational accomplishments were found to be quite low when compared with other African countries, most of whom were not yet or just barely independent themselves. Some gains were made in the education sector through the implementation of a series of five-year development plans. Since 1974, Ethiopia has been undergoing a process of revolutionary change, including a quantitative and qualitative expansion of education at all levels, including basic literacy. However, the education system has expanded faster than the rest of the economy, creating problems of educational quality, wastage and inefficiency, poor working conditions of teachers, educated unemployment, and the need for continuing reorganization. The report describes the role of education as envisioned in the Government's Ten Year Perspective Plan (1984-94) and argues that problems remain today not because education has been neglected, but because much greater emphasis has been placed on its expansion.
Download or read book Implementing Educational Policies in Kenya written by George S. Eshiwani and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1990 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the evolution of the Kenyan education system since independence from Britain in 1963. At the time of independence, very few resources were devoted to the education of Africans vis a vis non-Africans, resulting in critical shortages of trained manpower. Educational segregation and differentiation also reinforced racial and ethnic prejudices. After independence, education was to be a significant tool not only for social justice and rapid development, but also for promotion of unity and "nationhood." This report outlines the institutional and legal steps that were taken to improve the educational system and traces its development through four five-year plans. In the space of twenty years : 1) the system has expanded dramatically and universal free primary education has been achieved; 2) the progression of the system has been restructured; and 3) the curriculum has been significantly revised - placing more emphasis on the technical and vocational skills which remain in high demand. However, educational development in the post-colonial period has been hampered by : a) insufficient resources due to poor economic conditions; b) a high rate of population growth; c) teacher shortages; d) the need to balance native language with foreign language instruction; e) poor internal efficiency; and f) continued problems with curriculum relevance.
Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-04 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementing Educational Policies in Uganda written by Cooper F. Odaet and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1990 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the time of independence from Britain in 1962, education in Uganda was more advanced than in neighboring countries, although still unsatisfactory. This paper reviews the recommendations of commissions, educational reviews, and five-year plans for the development of educational policies since independence. There have been two main long-term government objectives -- primary school expansion toward the goal of universal primary education, and the provision of sufficient manpower of the quality needed to meet the skill requirements of the economy. The implementation of these goals was severely hampered by the events of the 1970s, which were a decade of "total national calamity" that affected all sectors of the economy, including the education system. The Recovery Program of 1982/84 was adopted to reconstruct and rehabilitate the educational infrastructure. The report reviews the present-day status of education in Uganda with regard to internal and external efficiency, equity, and non-quantitative criteria such as national policy and Ugandanization. It finds four remaining major problem areas : a) continued illiteracy; b) high dropout rates at almost all levels; c) unqualified teachers along with a shortage of qualified ones; and d) a widening gap between educational preparation and actual employment opportunities.
Download or read book Implementing Educational Policies in Zimbabwe written by Obert E. Maravanyika and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1990 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zimbabwe has been independent only since 1980. It has, however, attempted to change significantly the inherited educational policies, which it considers to be inappropriate to the nation's adopted socialist ideology. This paper outlines and critically appraises Zimbabwe's educational policies and finds that post-independence educational policy formulation has been influenced not only by ideological goals of national policy, but equally strongly by the inherited colonial capitalist infrastructure. A thorough review of the main factors influencing policy formulation in the colonial period helps explain why the transformation in educational policies has been more quantitative than qualitative since 1980, the emphasis on socialist development notwithstanding. Additional factors which have hindered substantial qualitative change have been the short time period since independence and shortages of both human and material resources. A particular problem is the preference of students and parents for a traditional, academic education of the sort often denied Blacks under colonial rule over the new, more practical and vocational curriculum. In conclusion, the paper reviews the implications of the dichotomy between pre- and post-independence social, economic, political, and educational goals for the specific areas of private schools, teacher education, curricula, and examinations.
Download or read book A Governance Approach to Civil Service Reform in Sub Saharan Africa written by Mamadou Dia and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inefficient civil service administrations are jeopardizing future development in many African countries. The reforms suggested in this paper would make these administrations more accountable, enforce the rule of law, and reward bureaucrats solely on their
Download or read book Educational Reform written by Zambia. Ministry of Education and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Review of Early Childhood Policy and Programs in Sub Saharan Africa written by Amy Jo Reinhold and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collaborative efforts of ColombiaA's Department of National Planning (DNP) and the World Bank has produced the National Evaluation System of Public Sector Performance (SYNERGY). Put in place by the Special Division for Evaluation in DNP, this system has been designed and implemented to change the public sector from an inward-looking, process-oriented body (which sometimes restrains economic and social progress) into a more dynamic, results-oriented partner of the community and private sector in development. This report explores the critical factors in making SYNERGY a successful evaluation system. Such factors include ways of making it an effective management tool, promoting civil society participation by focusing on results for people and leveraging on their energy and resource, defining a constructive learning process for implementation, and providing an enabling environment for a results-oriented public sector.
Download or read book Progress Reports on Implementation of Education Reforms Based on the Provisions of the Educational Reform Document written by Zambia. Ministry of Education and Culture and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
