Download or read book Impacts of International Trade Policy on Fisheries dependent Coastal Communities written by Jack Ryan Daly and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines how international trade policy impacts fisheries and local fishing communities. The case study for the research is the Canada-European Union (EU) Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), which came into effect in 2017. The study region is the Great Northern Peninsula (GNP), on the northwest coast of Newfoundland, Canada, where fishing communities depend on the export-oriented fisheries. By means of interactive governance theory, an institutional analytical approach is employed to examine the change in the fisheries and the governing system that CETA may bring, as well as the compatibility between the policies and principles of CETA with those governing the case-study region. Subsequently, informant interviews were conducted with fish harvesters, community members, and local and provincial governments to gauge initial responses to CETA and the change that it has already induced. Results indicate that CETA impacts governing interactions in the case-study region by first, expanding market access, and second, by weakening regionally specific protections of the inshore fishery. Furthermore, initial responses show that current stressors facing the region, including lack of adequate resource access and processing sector vulnerability, may be exacerbated, rather than mitigated, by CETA. This research highlights the importance of an early appraisal of the overall impact of trade policy from the governance perspective and according to local communities that are directly and indirectly affected by such policy. Specifically, the research offers: (1) a methodological approach to assess international trade policy through a governance lens; (2) an illustration of interactions between international trade and coastal communities; and (3) a broadening of discussion about implications of the seafood trade and international trade policy at all levels.

Download or read book Net Gains written by Carolyn Deere and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2000 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the linkages between trade, environment and sustainable development in the marine capture fisheries sector.

Download or read book Fish for Thought written by Caroline Dommen and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Impacts of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-01-06 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report indicates that climate change will significantly affect the availability and trade of fish products, especially for those countries most dependent on the sector, and calls for effective adaptation and mitigation actions encompassing food production.

Download or read book The Sunken Billions Revisited written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report updates previous studies that measured in economic terms the extent of biological losses attributable to overfishing globally. The new estimates assess these 'sunken billions' at $83 billion annually. The report further shows that a clear path can lead to the recovery of these considerable losses, including through significant reduction in global fishing overcapacity. A breakdown between regions is also included, showing that the effort needed to achieve this reform will not be felt equally throughout the world. While the cost of such reform will likely be high, the expected benefits include an increase in biomass by a factor of 2.7, increase in annual harvests by 13 percent, and a 30-fold increase in annual net benefits accrued to the fisheries sector (from $3 billion to $86 billion annually). This urgent call for action is reinforced by the impacts of climate change on fish stocks and fisheries worldwide.

Download or read book North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment written by Markus Quante and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an up-to-date review of our current understanding of climate change in the North Sea and adjacent areas, as well as its impact on ecosystems and socio-economic sectors. It provides a detailed assessment of climate change based on published scientific work compiled by independent international experts from climate-related disciplines such as oceanography, atmospheric sciences, marine and terrestrial ecology, using a regional evaluation and review process similar to that of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of our changing climate, discussing a wide range of topics including past, current and future climate change, and climate-related changes in marine, terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. It also explores the impact of climate change on socio-economic sectors such as fisheries, agriculture, coastal zone management, coastal protection, urban climate, recreation/tourism, offshore activities/energy, and air pollution.

Download or read book Linking Social and Ecological Systems written by Fikret Berkes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-04-13 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is usually the case that scientists examine either ecological systems or social systems, yet the need for an interdisciplinary approach to the problems of environmental management and sustainable development is becoming increasingly obvious. Developed under the auspices of the Beijer Institute in Stockholm, this new book analyses social and ecological linkages in selected ecosystems using an international and interdisciplinary case study approach. The chapters provide detailed information on a variety of management practices for dealing with environmental change. Taken as a whole, the book will contribute to the greater understanding of essential social responses to changes in ecosystems, including the generation, accumulation and transmission of ecological knowledge, structure and dynamics of institutions, and the cultural values underlying these responses. A set of new (or rediscovered) principles for sustainable ecosystem management is also presented. Linking Social and Ecological Systems will be of value to natural and social scientists interested in sustainability.

Download or read book The Sunken Billions written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-02-25 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The Sunken Billions: The Economic Justification for Fisheries Reform' shows the difference between the potential and actual net economic benefits from marine fisheries is about $50 billion per year, or some $2 trillion over the last three decades. If fish stocks were rebuilt, the current marine catch could be achieved with approximately half the current global fishing effort. This illustrates the massive overcapacity of the global fleet. The excess competition for the limited fish resources results in declining productivity, economic inefficiency, and depressed fisher incomes. The focus on the deteriorating biological health of world fisheries has tended to obscure their equally critical economic health. Achieving sustainable fisheries presents challenges not only of biology and ecology, but also of managing political and economic processes and replacing pernicious incentives with those that foster improved governance and responsible stewardship. Improved governance of marine fisheries could regain a substantial part of this annual economic loss and contribute to economic growth. Fisheries governance reform is a long-term process requiring political will and consensus vision, built through broad stakeholder dialogue. Reforms will require investment in good governance, including strengthening marine tenure systems and reducing illegal fishing and harmful subsidies. Realizing the potential economic benefits of fisheries means reducing fishing effort and capacity. To offset the associated social adjustment costs, successful reforms should provide for social safety nets and alternative economic opportunities for affected communities.

Download or read book What a Waste 2 0 written by Silpa Kaza and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid waste management affects every person in the world. By 2050, the world is expected to increase waste generation by 70 percent, from 2.01 billion tonnes of waste in 2016 to 3.40 billion tonnes of waste annually. Individuals and governments make decisions about consumption and waste management that affect the daily health, productivity, and cleanliness of communities. Poorly managed waste is contaminating the world’s oceans, clogging drains and causing flooding, transmitting diseases, increasing respiratory problems, harming animals that consume waste unknowingly, and affecting economic development. Unmanaged and improperly managed waste from decades of economic growth requires urgent action at all levels of society. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 aggregates extensive solid aste data at the national and urban levels. It estimates and projects waste generation to 2030 and 2050. Beyond the core data metrics from waste generation to disposal, the report provides information on waste management costs, revenues, and tariffs; special wastes; regulations; public communication; administrative and operational models; and the informal sector. Solid waste management accounts for approximately 20 percent of municipal budgets in low-income countries and 10 percent of municipal budgets in middle-income countries, on average. Waste management is often under the jurisdiction of local authorities facing competing priorities and limited resources and capacities in planning, contract management, and operational monitoring. These factors make sustainable waste management a complicated proposition; most low- and middle-income countries, and their respective cities, are struggling to address these challenges. Waste management data are critical to creating policy and planning for local contexts. Understanding how much waste is generated—especially with rapid urbanization and population growth—as well as the types of waste generated helps local governments to select appropriate management methods and plan for future demand. It allows governments to design a system with a suitable number of vehicles, establish efficient routes, set targets for diversion of waste, track progress, and adapt as consumption patterns change. With accurate data, governments can realistically allocate resources, assess relevant technologies, and consider strategic partners for service provision, such as the private sector or nongovernmental organizations. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 provides the most up-to-date information available to empower citizens and governments around the world to effectively address the pressing global crisis of waste. Additional information is available at http://www.worldbank.org/what-a-waste.

Download or read book EU Trade Related Measures against Illegal Fishing written by Alin Kadfak and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-06-27 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the experiences of Thailand and Australia, this book examines the impact of trade-restrictive measures as related to the EU’s regulations to prevent Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing. It is widely accepted that IUU fishing is harmful, and should be stopped, but there are different approaches to tackling it. Acknowledging this, this book argues that major efforts to fight IUU fishing require careful analyses if the goal is to achieve optimal results and avoid unintended consequences. The book draws on the recent experiences of Thailand and Australia to offer an empirical examination of one increasingly prominent solution, trade-restrictive measures. With Thailand representing direct, active intervention by the EU and Australia a more indirect dispersion of policy narratives and discourses, the book provides a rounded view on how likely it is that different countries in different situations will adapt to the changing policy norms regarding IUU fishing. Understanding the reactions of countries who might be targeted, or otherwise be influenced by the policy, generates new knowledge that helps inform a more effective and scalable implementation of the policy on the part of the EU and a better governance preparedness on the part of non-EU fishing nations. In broader terms, this book exposes a key moment of change in the compatibility between environmental regulations and international trade. The EU IUU policy is a prime example of a policy that uses the mechanisms of international trade to account for environmental and conservation objectives. By way of the unilateral and trade-restrictive stance against IUU fishing, the EU has positioned itself as a major market and normative power, driving its sustainability norms outwards. This book sheds light on the efficacy of this policy setup based on the analysis of country perspectives, which is a key factor influencing its potential spread. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of international fisheries politics, marine conservation, environmental policy and international trade, and will also be of interest to policymakers working in these areas. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Download or read book Poverty Mosaics Realities and Prospects in Small Scale Fisheries written by Svein Jentoft and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-15 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small-scale fisheries are a major source of food and employment around the world. Yet, many small-scale fishers work in conditions that are neither safe nor secure. Millions of them are poor, and often they are socially and politically marginalized. Macro-economic and institutional mechanisms are essential to address these poverty and vulnerability problems; however, interventions at the local community level are also necessary. This requires deep understanding of what poverty means to the fishers, their families and communities; how they cope with it; and the challenges they face to increase resiliency and improve their lives for the better. This book provides a global perspective, situating small-scale fisheries within the broad academic discourse on poverty, fisheries management and development. In-depth case studies from fifteen countries in Latin America, Europe, South and Southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa, demonstrate the enormously complex ecological, economic, social, cultural and political contexts of this sector. Conclusions for policy-making, formulated as a joint statement by the authors, argue that fisheries development, poverty alleviation, and resource management must be integrated within a comprehensive governance approach that also looks beyond fisheries. The scientific editors, Svein Jentoft and Arne Eide, are both with the Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, University of Tromsø, Norway.

Download or read book Responsible Fish Trade and Food Security written by John Kurien and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2005 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report focuses primarily on the direct and indirect influences of fish trade and food security. It reviews in detail the positive and negative impacts of international fish trade on food security in low-income food-deficit countries. The main findings are that this trade has had a positive effect on food security, both through higher availability of fish for human consumption in developing countries and through higher income generated through trade. The report cautions, however, that sustainable resource management practices are a necessary condition for sustainable international trade. It also highlights the need for free and transparent trade and market policies to ensure that benefits from international trade are enjoyed by all segments of society.

Download or read book Coastal and Marine Environments written by Yeqiao Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-05-19 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by world-class scientists and scholars, The Handbook of Natural Resources, Second Edition, is an excellent reference for understanding the consequences of changing natural resources to the degradation of ecological integrity and the sustainability of life. Based on the content of the bestselling and CHOICE-awarded Encyclopedia of Natural Resources, this new edition demonstrates the major challenges that the society is facing for the sustainability of all well-being on the planet Earth. The experience, evidence, methods, and models used in studying natural resources are presented in six stand-alone volumes, arranged along the main systems of land, water, and air. It reviews state-of-the-art knowledge, highlights advances made in different areas, and provides guidance for the appropriate use of remote sensing and geospatial data with field-based measurements in the study of natural resources. Volume 5, Coastal and Marine Environments, discusses marine and coastal ecosystems, their biodiversity, conservation, and integrated marine management plans. It provides fundamental information on coastal and estuarine systems and includes discussions on coastal erosion and shoreline change, natural disasters, evaporation and energy balance, fisheries and marine resource management, and more. New in this edition are discussions on sea level rise, renewable energy, coral reef restoration, fishery resource economics, and coastal remote sensing. This volume demonstrates the key processes, methods, and models used through many case studies from around the world. Written in an easy-to-reference manner, The Handbook of Natural Resources, Second Edition, as individual volumes or as a complete set, is an essential reading for anyone looking for a deeper understanding of the science and management of natural resources. Public and private libraries, educational and research institutions, scientists, scholars, and resource managers will benefit enormously from this set. Individual volumes and chapters can also be used in a wide variety of both graduate and undergraduate courses in environmental science and natural science at different levels and disciplines, such as biology, geography, earth system science, and ecology.

Download or read book Increasing the Contribution of Small scale Fisheries to Poverty Alleviation and Food Security written by Christophe Béné and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third and main section of the document discusses ways of increasing the contribution of small-scale fisheries to poverty alleviation and food security through nine main entry points. First, the paper revisits conventional fisheries policies and legislation and makes suggestions on how those can be made more pro-poor. Next, the paper emphasizes the importance of capacity building and highlights how cross-sectoral interventions can greatly improve the livelihoods of fish-dependent communities. The paper then proposes a series of broad pro-poor or pro-small-scale fisheries principles, before discussing in greater detail three of the main management instruments adopted in fisheries: (i) property right approaches; (ii) co-management; and (iii) protected areas. The next two sub-sections discuss markets and how to make them work for the poor, and the important issue of pro-poor financing systems and subsidies.

Download or read book Local Economic and Environmental Impacts of Marine Fisheries Policies in Rural Coastal Economies written by Amanda Ruth Lindsay and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable management of small-scale fisheries are critically important to developing countries because they support a wide range of income generating opportunities, they are a large contributor to animal protein intake, and they are home to some of the most biodiverse marine ecosystems in the world. However marine capture fisheries in developing countries tend to be relatively undermanaged and underregulated, compared to their counterparts in developed countries. In these settings, policy makers often try to restore overexploited fisheries by incentivizing more sustainable fishing activities, or alternative livelihoods, rather than establishing property rights over scarce fish stocks. Frequently, these marine fisheries policies are designed to simultaneously achieve conservation and development objectives, but the existence of multiple market failures may cause policies to have unintended consequences. The goal of this dissertation is to develop a modeling framework that will allow for a thorough examination of marine fisheries policies in rural coastal areas of developing countries. I create a bioeconomic local general equilibrium model to represent a rural island economy in eastern Indonesia. This structural model characterizes important features of the local market structure, multiple fishing activities, and the welfare of multiple household groups. The creation, parameterization and calibration of the model are outlined and discussed in chapter 1. In chapter 2, this model is used to explore the environmental and economic impacts of combinations of marine-centric and agriculture-centric sustainable development policy instruments. In chapter 3, I further develop the modeling framework, accounting for heterogenous characteristics of the nearshore fishery, spatially explicit fishing decisions, and geographically distinct fishing households. I then evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of marine reserves. The results of chapter 2 illustrate the challenge of achieving conservation and development objectives in rural economies. The considered poverty alleviation policies will increase the production capacity and income of targeted poor households. This leads to an increase in local demand for normal goods, and when these goods have locally determined prices, they can unintentionally incentivize unsustainable fishing activities and effect the income of non-target households. Pairing a capital provision policy with an increase in enforcement of fishing capital regulations may or may not be sufficient to protect nearshore fish stock from increased fishing pressure. To be successful, demand for labor in an alternative sector must outweigh price effects drawing fishermen back into the nearshore fishery. In this chapter, I additionally highlight three sensitivity analyses, allowing me to explore the internal robustness and external applicability of my findings. Qualitative results are sensitive to the elasticity of local labor supply, and the elasticity of substitution between nearshore and offshore fish. Results are not sensitive to the ecological parameters characterizing nearshore fish stock, suggesting understanding features of the economy may be more pertinent to the policy design process. In chapter 3, the new features of the modeling framework allow me to capture the spatial distribution of benefits and costs of the policy. Regionally distinct fishing households participate in different production activities and harvest nearshore fish from different areas around the island. These differences between fishing households lead to differences in how they are impacted by alternative reserve locations. In this chapter, I additionally explore the importance of one particular market failure: the output market for nearshore fish. In the preferred model specification, nearshore fish is not tradeable with outside markets, leading to a locally determined price. I find that simulation results differ substantially when the movement of the local price of nearshore fish is restricted, approximating a well-functioning market and an exogenously determined fish price. In this sensitivity analysis, I find that marine reserves are better able to protect nearshore fish stocks because restrictions to local supply do not also induce a price effect pulling effort back into the nearshore fishery. This also means that the economic costs of a reserve, incurred by fishing households, are greater because the stagnant price of nearshore fish will not compensate fishermen for increased costs and lost fishing grounds. Non-fishing households, however, will avoid added costs associated with a rising nearshore fish price. This dissertation demonstrates the value of examining the connection between a local economy and natural resources when evaluating marine fisheries policy. I advance the literature by representing local fishing activities in greater detail. These methodological improvements allow me to thoroughly disentangle the impacts policies have on management of local fisheries and the heterogenous welfare impacts. Achieving both environmental and development objectives is difficult, but it is not impossible. In both chapter 2 and chapter 3, my analysis identifies policies that improve the health nearshore fish stocks and the welfare of local households. While some policies succeed, many policies fail to achieve both objectives. The three chapters of this dissertation come together to improve a tool that can be used for ex ante policy analysis, and to demonstrate the value a holistic approach to evaluation.

Download or read book The Development Dimension Fishing for Coherence Proceedings of the Workshop on Policy Coherence for Development in Fisheries written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-08-29 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is a compilation of papers and records of the Workshop on Policy Coherence for Development in Fisheries, hosted by the OECD's Committee for Fisheries and Development Assistance Committee in April 2006.

Download or read book Crisis in the World s Fisheries written by James R. McGoodwin and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1995-02-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over twenty years, an alarming trend has emerged in the world's fisheries: there are too many fishers chasing too few fish. This book provides a broad overview and fundamental reassessment of fisheries management policies around the world.