Download or read book Impacts of Contamination and Remediation on Microbial Communities in Anaerobic Groundwater written by Michele D. Zwolinski and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bioaugmentation for Groundwater Remediation written by Hans F. Stroo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-04 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a review of the past 10 to 15 years of intensive research, development and demonstrations that have been on the forefront of developing bioaugmentation into a viable remedial technology. This volume provides both a primer on the basic microbial processes involved in bioaugmentation, as well as a thorough summary of the methodology for implementing the technology. This reference volume will serve as a valuable resource for environmental remediation professionals who seek to understand, evaluate, and implement bioaugmentation.
Download or read book Advances in Bioremediation of Wastewater and Polluted Soil written by Naofumi Shiomi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-09-09 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pollution of soil and groundwater by heavy metals and other chemicals is becoming a serious issue in many countries. However, the current bioremediation processes do not often achieve sufficient remediation, and more effective processes are desired. This book deals with advances in the bioremediation of polluted soil and groundwater. In the former chapters of this book, respected researchers in this field describe how the optimization of microorganisms, enzymes, absorbents, additives and injection procedures can help to realize excellent bioremediation. In the latter chapters, other researchers introduce bioremediation processes that have been performed in the field and novel bioremediation processes. Thus, the readers will be able to obtain new ideas about effective bioremediation as well as important information about recent advances in bioremediation.
Download or read book Microbe Mediated Remediation of Environmental Contaminants written by Ajay Kumar and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbe Mediated Remediation of Environmental Contaminants presents recent scientific progress in applying microbes for environmental management. The book explores the current existing practical applications and provides information to help readers develop new practices and applications. Edited by recognized leaders in the field, this penetrating assessment of our progress to date in deploying microorganisms to the advantage of environmental management and biotechnology will be widely welcomed by those working in soil contamination management, agriculture, environment management, soil microbiology, and waste management. The polluting effects on the world around us of soil erosion, the unwanted migration of sediments, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and the improper treatment of human and animal wastes have resulted in serious environmental and social problems around the world, problems which require us to look for solutions elsewhere than established physical and chemical technologies. Often the answer lies in hybrid applications in which microbial methods are combined with physical and chemical ones. When we remember that these highly effective microorganisms, cultured for a variety of applications, are but a tiny fraction of those to be found in the world around us, we realize the vastness of the untapped and beneficial potential of microorganisms. - Explores microbial application redressing for soil and water contamination challenges - Includes information on microbial synthesized nanomaterials for remediation of contaminated soils - Presents a uniquely hybrid approach, combining microbial interactions with other chemical and physical methods
Download or read book Soil and Sediment Remediation written by Piet Lens and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2005-09-30 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil and Sediment Remediation discusses in detail a whole set of remediative technologies currently available to minimise their impact. Technologies for the treatment of soils and sediments in-situ (landfarming, bioscreens, bioventing, nutrient injection, phytoremediation) and ex-situ (landfarming, bio-heap treatment, soil suspension reactor) will be discussed. The microbiological, process technological and socio-economical aspects of these technologies will be addressed. Special attention will be given to novel biotechnological processes that utilise sulfur cycle conversions, e.g. sulfur and heavy metal removal from soils. Also the potential of phytoremediation will be highlighted. In addition, treatment schemes for the clean-up of polluted megasites, e.g. harbours and Manufactured Gaswork Plants (MGP), will be elaborated. The aim of Soil and Sediment Remediation is to introduce the reader in: the biogeochemical characteristics of soil and sediments- new techniques to study soil/sediment processes (molecular probes, microelectrodes, NMR) clean up technologies for soils polluted with organic (PAH, NAPL, solvents) or inorganic (heavy metals) pollutants- preventative and remediative strategies and technologies available in environmental engineering novel process applications and bioreactor designs for bioremediation the impact of soil pollution on society and its economic importance.
Download or read book Natural Attenuation for Groundwater Remediation written by Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-31 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade, officials responsible for clean-up of contaminated groundwater have increasingly turned to natural attenuation-essentially allowing naturally occurring processes to reduce the toxic potential of contaminants-versus engineered solutions. This saves both money and headaches. To the people in surrounding communities, though, it can appear that clean-up officials are simply walking away from contaminated sites. When is natural attenuation the appropriate approach to a clean-up? This book presents the consensus of a diverse committee, informed by the views of researchers, regulators, and community activists. The committee reviews the likely effectiveness of natural attenuation with different classes of contaminants-and describes how to evaluate the "footprints" of natural attenuation at a site to determine whether natural processes will provide adequate clean-up. Included are recommendations for regulatory change. The committee emphasizes the importance of the public's belief and attitudes toward remediation and provides guidance on involving community stakeholders throughout the clean-up process. The book explores how contamination occurs, explaining concepts and terms, and includes case studies from the Hanford nuclear site, military bases, as well as other sites. It provides historical background and important data on clean-up processes and goes on to offer critical reviews of 14 published protocols for evaluating natural attenuation.
Download or read book In Situ Bioremediation of Ground Water and Geological Material written by Robert D. Norris and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1995-08 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a detailed background of the technologies available for the bioremediation of contaminated soil & ground water. Prepared for scientists, consultants, regulatory personnel, & others who are associated in some way with the restoration of soil & ground water at hazardous waste sites. Also provides insights to emerging technologies which are at the research level of formation, ranging from theoretical concepts, through bench scale inquiries, to limited field-scale investigations. 95 tables & figures.
Download or read book Microbial Rejuvenation of Polluted Environment written by Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-15 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pollution is one of the most serious issues facing mankind and other life forms on earth. Environmental pollution leads to the degradation of ecosystems, loss of services, economic losses, and various other problems. The eco-friendliest approach to rejuvenating polluted ecosystems is with the help of microorganism-based bioremediation. Microorganisms are characterized by great biodiversity, genetic and metabolic machinery, and by their ability to survive, even in extremely polluted environments. As such, they are and will remain the most important tools for restoring polluted ecosystems / habitats. This three-volume book sheds light on the utilization of microorganisms and the latest technologies for cleaning up polluted sites. It also discusses the remediation or degradation of various important pollutants such as pesticides, wastewater, plastics, PAHs, oil spills etc. The book also explains the latest technologies used for the degradation of pollutants in several niche ecosystems. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to teachers, researchers, bioremediation scientists, capacity builders and policymakers. It also offers valuable additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of microbiology, ecology, soil science, and the environmental sciences.
Download or read book Waste Bioremediation written by Sunita J. Varjani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the bioremediation of both solid and liquid waste, including regional solutions for India as well as globally relevant applications. The topics covered include pollutant reduction through composting, solutions for petroleum refinery waste, use of microorganisms in the bioremediation of industrial waste and toxicity reduction, microbial fuel cells, and microbial depolymerisation. The book also explores the biosorption of metals and the bioremediation of leachates, especially with regard to soil and groundwater remediation. It is a valuable resource for researchers, professionals, and policy makers alike.
Download or read book The Geochemical Controls on Anaerobic Microbial Ecology in a Phenol contaminated Sandstone Aquifer written by Kieran Baker and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Permo-Triassic sandstone aquifer is one of the most important drinking water resources in the UK. Beneath the Four Ashes site, the aquifer is contaminated with toxic levels of phenolic compounds and inorganic species. Although the hydrochemistry of the groundwater has been fully characterised, no research has assessed contaminant plume development with time using full groundwater profiles. Also, studies have investigated the aerobic microbial ecology at the site, but no research has assessed the anaerobic communities. Anaerobes are important for the remediation of the contamination, as the majority of the contaminated groundwater is anoxic. Furthermore, research has demonstrated that the structure of planktonic (free-living) eubacterial communities at 30m below ground level (mbgl) differ significantly from the community attached to quartz sand suspended in the aquifer at the same depth. However, the diverse mineralogical matrices in sandstones may influence microbial attachment, and therefore the communities attached to quartz may not be representative of the true indigenous attached communities. The aim of this thesis was to update the knowledge on the groundwater hydrochemistry, and to investigate the effects of contaminant load and substratum properties on microbial attachment and anaerobic microbial ecology. Groundwater samples were taken from multiple depths using 2 depth-discrete boreholes. Concentrations of phenolic compounds in the groundwater were measured using high performance liquid chromatography, and inorganic species were measured by ion chromatography. Chemical profiles show that the groundwater hydrochemistry at borehole 59 (130m from source) remained stable between 1998 and July 2009. However, the data reveals that the distribution of the contaminants changed in August 2009, due to the onset of the pump and treat remediation strategy implemented at the site. Data from borehole 60 (350m from source) shows that the concentration of total phenolics increased markedly at 42- 45mbgl between 1998 and 2009, due to variations in contaminant spillage on site, potentially resulting in the plume extending further than the deepest sampling point (45mbgl). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of amplified 165 rRNA, napA (nitrate-reductase) and dsrB (dissimilatory sulphate reductase) reveal that the structure of eubacterial and anaerobic communities varied with depth down the groundwater profile, and were therefore influenced by contaminant load. The DGGE profiles of planktonic communities were compared to the communities attached to 3 different geological substrata suspended in the aquifer under the same hydrochemical conditions (i.e. same depth). Profiles reveal that the planktonic communities were highly dissimilar to the attachment communities on all surfaces, and at all samplings. Furthermore, DGGE profiles of the attached communities were compared. Results reveal that the communities attached to 5hap granite and sandstone cluster separately to the community attached to quartz, suggesting that substratum properties are an important control governing microbial attachment. This was investigated by quantifying microbial attachment to 6 different geological coupons (apatite, 5hap granite, hematite, orthoclase, quartz and shale) suspended in the aquifer. Each coupon provided different physiochemical conditions (hydrophobicity, surface charge and nutrient chemistry) to the system. Results indicate that the most extensive attachment was on coupons that contained at least one microbial growth nutrient (Ca, P, K, Na, Fe, Mn); hematite, apatite, orthoclase and particularly 5hap granite, which contains the most nutrients. The least attachment was witnessed on the quartz surface, which contains no microbial nutrients. Quartz has similar surface charge and roughness to orthoclase, and a similar hydrophobicity to the 5hap granite. The only difference between the surfaces is nutrient availability. This confirms that substratum chemistry, in particular nutrient content, is a major control on microbial attachment.
Download or read book Groundwater and Subsurface Remediation written by Helmut Kobus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complex topic of in-situ subsurface remediation technologies has been ad dressed at an international symposium at the Universitat Stuttgart on September 26 and 27, 1995, on the occasion of the inauguration of the research facility VEGAS (Versuchseinrichtung zur Grundwasser- und Altlastensanierung). The results are contained in this book with 22 contributions from leading experts in the field from Europe and North America. The book illustrates the role of large-scale experiments in groundwater and subsurface remediation research. The subtopics address the various links between conventional laboratory experiments, technology-scale experiments and field-site studies, showing the contribution of large-scale experiments to bridging the gap between small-scale investigations and large-scale field investigations (upscaling). The interdisciplinary nature of the problems requires a multidisciplinary approach. Therefore, the idea has been followed to bring together the various disciplines in volved in the different aspects and facets of subsurface flow, transport and trans as hydraulics and hydrology, physics, formation, involving such diverse disciplines chemistry, microbiology, geology, industrial, chemical and hydraulic engineering, mathematics and hydroinformatics. The individual contributions from these di versified fields address the subject from different angles in an attempt to form a coherent picture of the various aspects of the complex problems of subsurface remediation. The focus is on research approaches and strategies with respect to the development of new and improved technologies and to the role of large-scale experiments in research and application.
Download or read book Biodegradation and Bioremediation written by Blaise Lindsey and published by Scientific e-Resources. This book was released on 2018-10-11 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodegradation is the break down of organic matter by microbes. Bioremediation is an engineered technique applied by people to clean up organic matter by helping microbes with the biodegradation process. One way of doing that is to introduce oxygen into the subsurface to help more aerobic microbes grow in order to clean up oil in the soil.The potential toxicity (harmful action) inherent in a substance is manifest only when that substance comes in contact with that susceptible living biological system. A chemical normally thought of as "e;harmless"e; will evoke a toxic response if added to a biological system in sufficient amount. The toxic potency of a chemicals is defined by the relationship between dose (the amount) of the chemical and the response that is produced in a biological system. The toxicity of industrial wastes is not often managed and it has caused serious damage to earth and water. The most important aspect of environmental biotechnology is the effective management of hazardous and toxic pollutants (xenobiotics) by bioremediation. The environmental clean-up process through bioremediation can be achieved in two ways-in situ and ex situ bioremediation. The book aims to provide relevant theoretical and practical frameworks and the latest empirical research findings in this area, along with case studies. It is written for students, academicians and industry professionals who want to improve their understanding of the strategic role of biodegradation and bioremediation at different levels of the biodegradation and bioremediation research and knowledge, that is, heavy metal pollution, toxicity, remediation methods and strategies to manage the waste in industries, which are a global concern.
Download or read book Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments written by Danny Reible and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-21 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this text, drawn from presentations and discussion at a May 2005 NATO Advanced Research Workshop, current approaches to the assessment and remediation of contaminated sediments are discussed with emphasis on in-situ management. The text addresses physical, chemical and biological approaches for the assessment and remediation of sediments. The development of regulatory and strategic approaches is discussed with emphasis on the potential for biological remediation in the management of contaminated sediments.
Download or read book In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate in Groundwater written by Hans F. Stroo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-02 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1970s and early 1980s, our nation began to grapple with the legacy of past disposal practices for toxic chemicals. With the passage in 1980 of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), commonly known as Superfund, it became the law of the land to remediate these sites. The U. S. Department of Defense (DoD), the nation’s largest industrial organization, also recognized that it too had a legacy of contaminated sites. Historic operations at Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps facilities, ranges, manufacturing sites, shipyards, and depots had resulted in widespread contamination of soil, groundwater, and sediment. While Superfund began in 1980 to focus on remediation of heavily contaminated sites largely abandoned or neglected by the private sector, the DoD had already initiated its Installation Restoration Program in the mid 1970s. In 1984, the DoD began the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP) for contaminated site assessment and remediation. Two years later, the U. S. Congress codified the DERP and directed the Secretary of Defense to carry out a concurrent program of research, development, and demonstration of innovative remediation technologies. As chronicled in the 1994 National Research Council report, “Ranking Hazardous-Waste Sites for Remedial Action”, our early estimates on the cost and suitability of existing technologies for cleaning up contaminated sites were wildly optimistic. Original estimates, in 1980, projected an average Superfund cleanup cost of a mere $3.
Download or read book Biological Remediation of Explosive Residues written by Shree Nath Singh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-04 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial degradation, Phytoremediation, Remediation, Explosive residues, Biotransformation, Mineralization, Degradative Enzymes, Degradation Pathways, Energetics, Soil contamination, Water contamination.
Download or read book Water Remediation written by Shantanu Bhattacharya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-22 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the state-of-the-art in the area of water remediation. It covers topics such as decentralized ecological wastewater treatment, applications of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) in water quality monitoring and remediation, water remediation through nanotechnology, and processes used in water purification. The contents of this volume will prove useful to researchers, students, and policy makers alike.
Download or read book Soil Remediation written by Jose T. V. S. de Albergaria and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-01-07 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil contamination represents a serious environmental problem and requires an immediate action plan to be prepared for typical and emergent contaminants. This book provides an overview of some remediation technologies, both traditional and emergent, as well as case studies based on the contribution from academia and service providers. Several soil
