Download or read book Impact of Methylphenidate on Working Memory in Children with Attention deficit Hyperactivity Disorder written by Anne-Claude Valérie Bédard and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background. Empirical evidence and theoretical models of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) argue that weakness in working memory (WM) is a core deficit. WM refers to the ability to hold and manipulate information in mind. Although robust improvements in the behavioural symptoms of ADHD have been demonstrated with methylphenidate (MPH), few studies have examined MPH effects on WM in ADHD. Objectives. The goals of this thesis were to investigate MPH effects on the modalities (auditory-verbal, visual-spatial) and processing requirements (storage, manipulation) of WM in ADHD, to determine the influence of comorbid anxiety (ANX) on these effects, and to assess the responsiveness of WM measures. Method. A review of the literature examined the extant evidence of MPH effects on WM in ADHD. Findings motivated the design of three doubleblind, randomized crossover studies which used placebo and three fixed doses of immediaterelease MPH on validated WM tasks in children with ADHD. Results. The majority of the studies reviewed reported improvement in WM with MPH, but methodological and demographic variations were observed which were addressed in the empirical studies. Findings from Study 1 revealed that MPH significantly improved visual-spatial storage and manipulation. Study 2 demonstrated that MPH improved the ability to store and manipulate visual-spatial information, with improvements in visual-spatial storage limited to those without comorbid ANX. Also, MPH did not improve auditory-verbal storage but did improve auditory-verbal manipulation, with improvements restricted to those without comorbid ANX. Study 3 revealed that MPH improved performance on all measures of visual-spatial storage, but did not improve performance on either measure of auditory-verbal storage. By contrast, measures of both visualspatial and auditory-verbal manipulation varied in their responsiveness to MPH. Discussion. Results demonstrate that the impact of MPH on WM in ADHD is selective: not all individuals with ADHD showed the same degree of benefit, not all aspects of WM are improved, and not all measures of WM are responsive to MPH. Formal recognition and further investigation of this heterogeneity are essential for clinical, methodological, and theoretical purposes and will further our understanding of the structure of WM, as well as guide treatment for ameliorating impaired WM in ADHD.
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder written by Tobias Banaschewski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxford Textbook of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is an authoritative, multi-disciplinary text covering the diagnosis, assessment and management of patients with ADHD.
Download or read book ADHD Rating Scale IV written by George J. DuPaul and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ADHD Rating Scale-IV is a reliable and easy-to-administer instrument both for diagnosing ADHD in children and adolescents and for assessing treatment response. Containing 18 items, the scale is linked directly to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for ADHD. This convenient 8 1/2 x 11" lay-flat manual provides three versions of the scale: a parent questionnaire on home behaviors (English), a parent questionnaire on home behaviors (Spanish), and a teacher questionnaire on classroom behaviors. Pages are formatted for easy photocopying, and permission to reproduce the scale as often as needed is included in the purchase price. This manual also incorporates the following essential features that never before have been published in full: * Information on the scale's development and how to use it * Scoring profiles for boys and girls aged 5-17 * Nationally representative norms for both parent and teacher ratings * Factor analysis data and findings on reliability and validity * Clinical interpretation guidelines for screening and diagnosis * Clinical interpretation guidelines for treatment evaluation QUICK VIEW What does it do?: Quickly determines the frequency of ADHD symptoms. Age Range: 5-17 Administration Time: 5-7 minutes Format: Parent-report and teacher-report rating scales (includes parent form in English and Spanish). Cost of Additional Forms: No cost--purchasers get permission to reproduce the forms and score sheets for repeated use.
Download or read book The Effect of Methylphenidate on Memory in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder written by Victoria Lynn Corte and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Disruptive Behavior Disorders written by Herbert C. Quay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this Handbook is to provide the researcher, clinician, teacher and student in all mental health fields with comprehensive coverage of Disruptive Behavior Disorders (Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder). With over 50 contributors and 2600 references, this Handbook is the most complete resource available on this important topic.
Download or read book Interactivity Game Creation Design Learning and Innovation written by Anthony L. Brooks and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of two conferences: The 7th EAI International Conference on ArtsIT, Interactivity and Game Creation (ArtsIT 2018), and the 3rd EAI International Conference on Design, Learning, and Innovation (DLI 2018). Both conferences were hosed in Braga, Portugal, and took place October 24-26, 2018. The 51 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from 106 submissions. ArtsIT , Interactivity and Game Creation is meant to be a place where people in arts, with a keen interest in modern IT technologies, meet with people in IT, having strong ties to art in their works. The event also reflects the advances seen in the open related topics Interactivity (Interaction Design, Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Robotics) and Game Creation (Gamification, Leisure Gaming, GamePlay). ArtsIT has been successfully co-located with DLI as the design, learning and innovation frame the world of IT, opening doors into an increasingly playful worlds. So the DLI conference is driven by the belief that tools, techniques and environments can spark and nature a passion for learning, transformation domains such as education, rehabilitation/therapy, work places and cultural institutions.
Download or read book The Efficacy of Working Memory Training as a Treatment for Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder written by Christine Adelaide Hanson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This study assessed the efficacy of a 5-week, intensive working memory training program for 52 children and adolescents (ages 7-17) who were identified as having ADHD and other co-morbid diagnoses. The study provided a replication of effects, since participants were assigned to the experimental group or waiting-list control group, with the waiting list control group completing training after the experimental group had finished. Parents and teachers completed paper and pencil measures of working memory, executive functioning, and ADHD symptoms at baseline, post-treatment, and four month follow-up. Parent ratings indicated that participants improved on inattention, overall number of ADHD symptoms, initiation, planning/organization, and working memory. These effects were maintained at a four month follow-up period. Teacher ratings did not indicate any significant results. The majority of participants did not show clinically significant or reliable changes. There is some evidence, provided by parent report, that WM may lead to improvements in ADHD symptoms, working memory, and other types of executive functioning; however, more research is needed to determine the validity of these treatment effects, whether treatment effects are maintained over longer follow-up periods, and whether the improvements that are found are clinically significant and reliable.
Download or read book Stimulant Drugs and ADHD written by Mary V. Solanto and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2001 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stimulant drugs are widely used in the treatment of ADHD in children and adults. Hundreds of studies over the past 60 years have demonstrated their effectiveness in improving attention span, increasing impulse control, and reducing hyperactivity and restlessness. Despite widespread interest in these compounds, however, their mechanisms of action in the central nervous system have remained poorly understood. Recent advances in the basic and clinical neurosciences now afford the possibility of elucidating these mechanisms. The current volume is the first to bring this expanding knowledge to bear on the central question of why and how stimulants exert their therapeutic effects. The result is a careful, comprehensive, and insightful integration of material by well-known scientists that significantly advances our understanding of stimulant effects and charts a course for future research. Part I presents a comprehensive description of the clinical features of ADHD and the clinical response to stimulants. Part II details the cortical and subcortical neuroanatomy and functional neurophysiology of dopamine and norepinephrine systems with respect to the regulation of attention, arousal, activity, and impulse control and the effects of stimulants on these systems. Part III is devoted to clinical research, including recent studies of neuroimaging, genetics, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of stimulants, effects on cognitive functions, neurophysiological effects in humans with and without ADHD and in non-human primates, and comparison of stimulants and non-stimulants in the treatment of ADHD. Part IV is a masterful synthesis that presents alternative models of stimulant drug action and generates key hypotheses for continued research. The volume will be of keen interest to researchers and clinicians in psychiatry, psychology, and neurology, neuroscientists studying stimulants, and those pursuing development of new drugs to treat ADHD.
Download or read book Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder written by Lily Trokenberg Hechtman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive description of adult outcome in educational, occupational, emotional, social, substance use, legal, antisocial functioning is described via the best well-controlled prospective follow-up studies of children with ADHD into adulthood. Predictors of outcome, e.g., medication and psychosocial treatment, IQ, severity of ADHD, comorbidity, SES, parental pathology and family functioning are all explored. Prognosis and issues that need to be addressed to promote more positive outcome are thus addressed.
Download or read book Working Memory Thought and Action written by Alan Baddeley and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-03-15 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Working Memory, Thought, and Action' is the magnum opus of one of the most influential cognitive psychologists of the past 50 years. This new volume on the model he created (with Graham Hitch) discusses the developments that have occurred within the model in the past twenty years, and places it within a broader context. Working memory is a temporary storage system that underpins our capacity for coherent thought. Some 30 years ago, Baddeley and Hitch proposed a way of thinking about working memory that has proved to be both valuable and influential in its application to practical problems. This book updates the theory, discussing both the evidence in its favour, and alternative approaches. In addition, it discusses the implications of the model for understanding social and emotional behaviour, concluding with an attempt to place working memory in a broader biological and philosophical context. Inside are chapters on the phonological loop, the visuo-spatial sketchpad, the central executive and the episodic buffer. There are also chapters on the relevance to working memory of studies of the recency effect, of work based on individual differences, and of neuroimaging research. The broader implications of the concept of working memory are discussed in the chapters on social psychology, anxiety, depression, consciousness and on the control of action. Finally, Baddeley discusses the relevance of a concept of working memory to the classic problems of consciousness and free will. This new volume from one of the pioneers in memory research will doubtless emulate the success of its predecessor, and be a major publication within the psychological literature.
Download or read book Neuroimaging in Developmental Clinical Neuroscience written by Judith M. Rumsey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-19 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern neuroimaging offers tremendous opportunities for gaining insights into normative development and a wide array of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Focusing on ontogeny, this text covers basic processes involved in both healthy and atypical maturation, and also addresses the range of neuroimaging techniques most widely used for studying children. This book will enable you to understand normative structural and functional brain maturation and the mechanisms underlying basic developmental processes; become familiar with current knowledge and hypotheses concerning the neural bases of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders; and learn about neuroimaging techniques, including their unique strengths and limitations. Coverage includes normal developmental processes, atypical processing in developmental neuropsychiatric disorders, ethical issues, neuroimaging techniques and their integration with psychopharmacologic and molecular genetic research approaches, and future directions. This comprehensive volume is an essential resource for neurologists, neuropsychologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians, and radiologists concerned with normal development and developmental neuropsychiatric disorders.
Download or read book Short term and Working Memory written by Susan E. Gathercole and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue ponders a detailed and contemporary analysis of the theoretical underpinnings of short-term and working memory. Articles focus on short-term memory for phonological, semantic, and spatial material, on executive function and on short-term forgetting. The empirical perspectives include the neuroimaging of short-term memory, short-term memory development and the neuropsychology and neurobiology of memory, in addition to laboratory-based experimental studies. Together, these articles identify significant current models and approaches to short-term and working memory, providing a broad set of perspectives which illustrate the wide impact of working memory on the understanding of human cognition.
Download or read book Essential Evidence Based Psychopharmacology written by Dan Stein and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-05 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents up-to-date, comprehensive and high quality reviews of the psychopharmacological evidence-base for each of the major psychiatric disorders, written by expert psychopharmacologists from around the world. Building on the success of the first edition, the volume summarizes the wealth of new developments in the field and sets them within the context of day-to-day clinical practice. All chapters have been fully updated and new contributions on personality disorders and substance dependence added. Each chapter provides information about optimal first line pharmacological interventions, maintenance pharmacotherapy and the management of treatment-refractory patients. The content is organized according to the DSM-V listing of psychiatric disorders, and covers all major conditions including schizophrenia, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders and Alzheimer's disorder. These issues lie at the heart of clinical psychopharmacology, making this book invaluable to all practising and trainee clinicians, in a mental health setting or a less specialised environment.
Download or read book Woodcock Johnson IV written by Nancy Mather and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes online access to new, customizable WJ IV score tables, graphs, and forms for clinicians Woodcock-Johnson IV: Reports, Recommendations, and Strategies offers psychologists, clinicians, and educators an essential resource for preparing and writing psychological and educational reports after administering the Woodcock-Johnson IV. Written by Drs. Nancy Mather and Lynne E. Jaffe, this text enhances comprehension and use of this instrument and its many interpretive features. This book offers helpful information for understanding and using the WJ IV scores, provides tips to facilitate interpretation of test results, and includes sample diagnostic reports of students with various educational needs from kindergarten to the postsecondary level. The book also provides a wide variety of recommendations for cognitive abilities; oral language; and the achievement areas of reading, written language, and mathematics. It also provides guidelines for evaluators and recommendations focused on special populations, such as sensory impairments, autism, English Language Learners, and gifted and twice exceptional students, as well as recommendations for the use of assistive technology. The final section provides descriptions of the academic and behavioral strategies mentioned in the reports and recommendations. The unique access code included with each book allows access to downloadable, easy-to-customize score tables, graphs, and forms. This essential guide Facilitates the use and interpretation of the WJ IV Tests of Cognitive Abilities, Tests of Oral Language, and Tests of Achievement Explains scores and various interpretive features Offers a variety of types of diagnostic reports Provides a wide variety of educational recommendations and evidence-based strategies
Download or read book Diagnosis and Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Working Memory and Neurodevelopmental Disorders written by Tracy Packiam Alloway and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Short-term or working memory - the capacity to hold and manipulate information mentally over brief periods of time - plays an important role in supporting a wide range of everyday activities, particularly in childhood. Children with weak working memory skills often struggle in key areas of learning and, given its impact on cognitive abilities, the identification of working memory impairments is a priority for those who work with children with learning disabilities. Working Memory and Neurodevelopmental Disorders supports clinical assessment and management of working memory deficits by summarising the current theoretical understanding and methods of assessment of working memory. It outlines the working memory profiles of individuals with a range of neurodevelopmental disorders (including Down's syndrome, Williams syndrome, Specific Language Impairment, and ADHD), and identifies useful means of alleviating the anticipated learning difficulties of children with deficits of working memory. This comprehensive and informative text will appeal to academics and researchers in cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and developmental psychology, and will be useful reading for students in these areas. Educational psychologists will also find this a useful text, as it covers the role of working memory in learning difficulties specific to the classroom.
Download or read book The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory written by Naoyuki Osaka and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is only relatively recently that it has been possible to study the neural processes that might underlie working memory, leading to a proliferation of research in this domain. This volume brings together leading researchers from around the world to summarise current knowledge of this field.
