Download or read book Impact of Intercollegiate Athletics in Relationship to the Prosocial Behavior of Giving Or Volunteering Among Alumni of NCAA Division II Institutions written by Gid Edward Rowell and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year, charitable giving to United States postsecondary education provides essential resources in maintaining America edge as one of the top higher education systems in the world. The importance of financial giving at the college and university level continues to grow on an annual basis as governmental support for higher education has declined over the last three decades. In response to the reduction in government support for higher education, institutions have increasingly turned to private donors, corporations and graduates to supplement this revenue loss. One of the largest sources of external financial contributions comes from alumni, which has led schools across the country to focus on better ways to build relationships with graduates. Studies focusing on charitable giving in higher education demonstrate a positive relationship between organizational identification with the propensity for alumni to give back to their alma mater. Research shows that engagement through organizational identification and satisfaction positively relates to giving and other prosocial behaviors. In addition, studies describe how big-time college athletics plays a part in creating a sense of community that transcends the participants of the sports, creating a campus culture that institutions rally around. At same time, interest in following college sports continues to increase, evidenced by the massive NCAA television contracts reaching billions of dollars. In higher education literature, research on intercollegiate athletic giving generally focuses on the relationship between winning athletic teams and gifts or on the motivations for donors to give specifically to athletics. Few studies investigate the indirect impact of college sports in providing an opportunity to become engaged with an institution, which leads to giving and other prosocial acts such as volunteering, attending events and serving in advisory roles. With the enormous interest in intercollegiate sports and the increasing need for higher education institutions to garner more external financial support, this study investigates the impact of intercollegiate athletics in relationship to prosocial behaviors among alumni. Additionally, the study focuses on a specific group of postsecondary institutions, examining schools at the NCAA Division II level, as current literature tends to study only schools at the NCAA Division I and III levels.

Download or read book Perceptions of the Impact of Intercollegiate Athletics on Academic Reputation written by Joseph P. Briody and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NCAA Violations and Institutional Self Sanctions written by Ashley Thomas-Seltzer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing commercialism within Division I big-time athletics has raised the financial stakes for universities, as successful athletic programs benefit from increased opportunities for financial gain. This has contributed to a pervasive "win culture" that drives institutions to seek competitive advantages, and as a side effect, NCAA rule violations have become incentivized. Programs whose infractions go unnoticed may benefit from the competitive advantage gained, but for programs investigated by the NCAA, the financial penalties incurred may far outweigh the potential revenues from undetected violations. The purpose of this study was to address institutional self-sanctions as an organizational behavior in response to NCAA major infractions and the impact of self-sanctioning on alumni charitable giving. Through the use of neo-institutional and resource dependence theories, this study aimed to further examine the role of institutional self-sanctions as a crisis management strategy in containing financial fallout of athletic scandal. While researchers have addressed scandal and alumni charitable giving in relation to athletics and institutional self-sanctions, respectively, no research exists linking the two bodies of literature. This study employed a two-way fixed effects analysis of 10 years of panel data to address the effect of key variables on alumni charitable giving. Analysis results indicated no significant relationship between institutional self-sanctions and alumni charitable giving. However, alumni charitable giving was mitigated by institutional endowment per FTE, suggesting that larger scale financial structures of an institution serve as the best predictor for alumni charitable giving during athletic scandal.

Download or read book Does Winning Matter written by Zachary Harris and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intercollegiate athletic departments (ICAs) rely on philanthropic giving to remain relevant in the "arms race" that is college athletics. Donations provide the necessary resources (scholarships, upgraded facilities, etc.) to compete with rival programs for prospective student-athletes and fans. Previous research in ICA philanthropy has found that team success is one of the key factors driving donations to athletic programs. However, much of the research in this field has centered on athletic giving on a macro-level, focusing on the overall alumni population of an institution. While this research is important for colleges and universities, it misses on measuring the impact that success has on a key alumni subset for ICAs, former student-athletes. To address the gap in the empirical literature, this cross-sectional study used data from the University of San Diego (USD) to quantitatively examine the athletic careers of all 295 former men's basketball student-athletes and the impact that team and personal athletic success has had on their giving patterns as alumni. Utilizing logistic and multiple regression analysis, this study looked at whether select success metrics, including team championships and individual achievements, as well as other, non-success related variables (such as wealth and years since graduation) are correlated with philanthropic giving. Study results revealed the significance of net worth in predicting whether an alum will donate (but not on the total amount of their giving) and that alumni who reside near campus after graduation donate more over their lifetime than their peers who do not. This study also showed that, for each additional year a student-athlete was a part of the program, their probability of donating increases by 6% - 8% and that, when ICAs do not have access to wealth information on donors, individual success on the court does have an impact on one's likelihood to donate. Taken together, findings from this study can help ICAs better understand the determinants of philanthropic giving and provide an analytical methodology that can be applied to data from their own institution; in effect, allowing them to more efficiently segment prospective athletic donors, become better stewards of their resources, and increase alumni giving participation.

Download or read book Examining Factors that Influence Donor Motivation Among Former Student Athletes and NCAA DI Classification written by Brett Michael Burchette and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to identify motivational factors that contribute to the philanthropic decision making of the former NCAA Division I student-athlete. A 47-item survey instrument was modified from a prior study and distributed electronically to 8,461 male and female former student-athletes at three participating NCAA Division I classified institutions (FBS, FCS, and Non-Football Playing). A total of 938 surveys were completed and useable for this study with an overall response rate of 11.09%. Cross-tabulation and chi-square analyses were applied to explore the significance between former student-athletes who contributed to athletics in 2011-12 and independent variables identified by the researcher. A contingency coefficient was utilized to identify the strength of the significant relationships. Four open-ended questions explored influencers for donors and non-donors among the former student-athlete population. Open and axial coding was utilized to group words and/or phrases into themes. The "Top 5" themes receiving a 5% or more response was reported and ranked for each classification. Ultimately, this mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative paradigms) study provided answers to the following questions: 1). How does NCAA classification (FBS, FCS, and Non-Football Playing Subdivision status) impact former student-athlete donor motivation? 2). How does donor motivation differ among gender and the former student-athlete population? 3). To what extent does athletic success impact the former student-athletes motivation for giving? 4). How does the relationship among the coach (former and/or current), athletic director, and fundraiser impact motivation of donors? The characteristics identified through this study will help athletic development professionals connect and strengthen their institution's relationship with this vital constituency group. The results should aid athletic development officers in their search for operational, scholarship, and capital support for the Department of Intercollegiate Athletics.

Download or read book The Impact of Division II Revenue and Non revenue Sport Participation on Student Engagement written by Matthew L. Symonds and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of NCAA Division II revenue and non-revenue sport participation on student engagement. The engagement measurement for the study was selected items from the National Survey of Student Engagement's The College Student Report. The institution studied was a four-year, regional, public institution in Missouri. A case study methodology employing quantitative statistical analysis was utilized to investigate the impact of athletics participation on empirically derived process indicators of involvement in educationally purposeful activities. The independent variable was participation in intercollegiate athletics at the selected institution. Two categories of independent variable included: athletes and nonathletes and revenue sport and non-revenue sport participants. The dependent variables for the study were selected measures of student engagement from The College Student Report acquired from the cooperating institution's Office of Assessment, Information, and Analysis. Data were analyzed using the following statistical analysis procedures: exploratory factor analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, univariate analysis of covariance, and discriminant function analysis. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to examine commonalities of survey items and to reduce the number of dependent variables for the remaining statistical procedures. Univariate analysis of covariance examined differences between the categories of independent variables. Finally, discriminant function analysis was conducted to determine if an individuals engagement reports could predict group membership. Exploratory factor analysis of 42 survey items yielded 11 components consisting of 29 measures. The 29 measures were treated as dependent variables for subsequent analyses. Descriptive analysis indicated mean differences in both categories of independent variable. However, descriptive analysis suggested that athletes were largely as engaged as their non-athlete peers. Similarly, descriptive analysis suggested that revenue sport participants were similarly engaged compared to their non-revenue sport counterparts. However, univariate ANCOVA analyses uncovered three significant differences between both categories of independent variable. Finally, discriminant analyses generated one significant function for each grouping variable. However, analysis of these results revealed that it is likely that these functions would lead to the incorrect classification of individuals into groups.

Download or read book Motives and Values Associated with Participation in Intercollegiate Student Athlete Community Service Implications for Athletics Department Leadership written by Phoebe Teresa Chalk and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Institutions of higher learning have contributed to their communities for many years. Universities were founded on the strong principles of service and have continued to embrace that commitment. Athletics Departments at the Division I level are required by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) to develop community service programs for student-athletes to give back to the community while in college. The purpose of this study was to determine (1) what motivates student-athletes to participate in community service in college, (2) what values are associated with student-athletes, and (3) what is the leadership role of the Athletics Department in the student-athletes' willingness to participate in community service. Six motivation factors were identified during the analysis of the data: motivation by asking, motivation by social responsibility, motivation by being required, motivation to volunteer with intrinsic reward, motivation for career experience, and motivation through participation in a group/organization. These motivation factors were used as dependent variables and statistically significant relationships occurred when comparing socio-economic status, number of years of church service, and participation in co-curricular service. Furthermore, three value factors were identified: value of helping others, value of personal status, and values of family and friends. The value factors were used as independent variables and statistically significant relations occurred when comparing gender, father and mother volunteering, socio-economic status, number of years of church service, mandated service prior to college, service participation in college, extra-curricular service in college, co-curricular service in college and Dean mandated service in college. In addition, the role of the Athletics Departments was compared to other community service opportunities, for example, service-learning, co-curricular service, extra-curricular service, and mandated service. The Chalk Community Service Model (2007) was also used to illustrate various types of community service and to define such service clearly. Student-athletes and staff members were interviewed and several themes were identified such as the motivation to help others, the student-athletes' value of personal status, the Athletics Department's influence on their community service participation, mandatory community service, being a role model, and thanking the community were all statements made during interviews.

Download or read book Intercollegiate Athletics Success and the Financial Impact on Universities written by Adam G. Walker and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private monetary contributions and the role of athletics are topics of discussion at nearly all institutions, thus any relationship between the two has become increasingly valuable to determine donor motivations. The significance and value of athletics to each institution must be researched and examined to quantify the implications of athletics success. This quantitative research study analyzed universities' overall private contributions to determine if there was a significant difference in the percent of overall financial support to the institutions following a year of athletics success. For this study athletics success included participation in either the Division I men's basketball NCAA Final Four or Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) Bowl Championship Series (BCS) Bowl Game. This study used existing, post-secondary data from the Council for Aid to Education (CAE) Voluntary Support of Education (VSE) Survey to conduct a one-sample t-test to determine significance. The study focused on a period of 10 years (2002-2011) using 129 samples that met the criteria above, then compared them to the baseline (all institutions) during the same period of time to determine if the change in the percent of overall contributions was statistically significant over a 2-year period (year prior to the athletics success to the year after). The results show a significant statistical difference of more than double in the percent increase of overall private contributions for institutions with athletics success compared to all higher education institutions. Furthermore, a marginal statistical difference was found for private athletically sucessful institutions compared to public institutions that experienced the same athletics success. No difference was found by region, for history of athletics success, or between basketball or football athletics success for those institutions experiencing athletics success. The study concluded that there are significant implications for overall private financial support for institutions that experience athletics success, especially those with a private affiliation.

Download or read book The Effects on Intercollegiate Athletics Success on Private Giving to Athletic and Academic Programs at National Collegiate Athletic Association Institutions written by Jeffrey L. Stinson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Impact of Participation in Intercollegiate Athletics on Future Life Satisfaction written by Ryan Francis Schleusner and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satisfaction with life is something that is important to society as whole. This research aimed to measure the impact of participation in extracurricular activities and/or interscholastic athletics on future life satisfaction among former college graduates. Three student subgroups were identified and sorted within a university alumni database: interscholastic athletes, extracurricular participants, and nonparticipants. A random sample of 1,500 alumni was then drawn from each of these three study groups. The Satisfaction with Life Scale was then emailed to the resulting list of 4,500 alumni. A total of 341 surveys were returned: 109 for athletes, 164 for extracurricular participants, and 68 for nonparticipants. Analysis of Variance was used to examine differences in quality of life across these three student populations. It was found that while former student athletes are more likely to be happy with accomplishments in their life, they are not more satisfied with life as a whole. This study accepts the conclusion that participation in extracurricular activities, including competitive sport, has no impact in future overall life satisfaction. One area for future study is the impact of athletic involvement on satisfaction with goal achievement or if individuals who are athletes just tend to be goal oriented to begin with.

Download or read book College Athletics Undergraduate Recruitment and Alumni Giving a Review of the Evidence written by Ebony Michelle Livingston and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a long-standing debate about the role and place of intercollegiate athletics (Schulman & Bowen, 2003). Often the focus is on whether successful athletic programs lead to 3value-added4 outcomes such as increased alumni giving (Turner, Meserve & Bowen, 2001; Sperber, 2000), or enhanced student applicant pools (Tucker & Amato, 1993; Toma & Cross, 1998; McCormick & Tinsley, 1987; Murphy & Trandel, 1994). The empirical evidence on these issues is both limited, and mixed. For example, the findings of a few methodologically rigorous studies suggest some value-added 3applicant pool4 benefits of successful athletic programs. In contrast, studies directly examining student college preferences have produced mixed results. This study offers a review of the extant empirical research on this topic in order to assess the impact of college athletic reputation on three key outcomes: size of applicant pool; quality of applicant pool; and university giving.

Download or read book An Examination of Athletic Alumni Giving Behavior written by Stephen L. Shapiro and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this investigation was to develop a scale to measure the degree to which college athletic donation barriers exist for former student-athletes. The Former Student-Athlete Donor Constraint Scale (FSADCS) was created to further examine donor constraint themes found in a previous qualitative investigation. An analysis of the construct validity of the FSADCS was conducted with 243 former student-athletes from a NCAA Division I institution. The FSADCS was developed through thematic content analysis, item generation, expert review, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and additional validity and reliability testing. CFA supported a 5-factor, 27-item structure (Lack of Importance, Disconnect, Communication Issues, Experience Issues, and Dissatisfaction). Additional validity and reliability tests also supported the FSADCS. The findings of this study illustrate the importance of developing a framework for understanding potential barriers which influence charitable contribution behavior for a unique population within the prospective donor market.

Download or read book Donor Motives to Giving to Intercollegiate Athletics written by James Patrick Strode and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Academic institutions have experienced an unprecedented decline in funding from state and local governments, and intercollegiate athletic departments are not immune to this trend. Philanthropic giving has increasingly become a necessity for the financial vitality of athletic departments. A thorough understanding of what motivates individuals to donate money is critical for development staffs to design marketing campaigns that maximize gift giving. With few studies in sport management literature related to donor motives, the purpose of this study was to develop a psychometrically sound instrument based on theory to explain motivations to give. Using McClelland's theory of needs and helping behavior, items were generated for a survey related to four motives to explain giving--achievement, affiliation, philanthropy and power. This survey was tested for reliability and validity through the use of a panel of experts, a field test and a pilot test. Item-to-total correlations and Cronbach's alphas were used to prove validity. A final instrument, including an existing measure on fan identification, was sent to a random sampling of athletic donors at a large public Midwestern institution. One thousand three hundred and thirty four surveys were mailed, with 683 returned for a response rate of 46%. The survey was designed to test a series of hypothesis related to the following variables: motives to give, fan identification, gender and level of donation. The results of the study showed that the strongest motive to give was achievement (M = 5.7, SD = 1.1), with affiliation as the second highest motive (M = 5.5, SD = 1.1). Using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), no statistical significance was found between gender and the four motives. A t-test indicated no difference between gender and identification. A positive correlation was found between identification and the achievement motive, and a t-test was conducted to show that this relationship was significant. A hierarchical multiple regression indicated identification was not predictive of giving. The four motives developed for this study explained only 1% of the variance in giving. A donor profile for the institution was developed. Implications of these results were discussed and suggested for future research presented.

Download or read book Fundraising and Division I A College Athletics written by Hebing Brad and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-06-18 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the Council for Aid to Education (2003) alumni contributed 25 percent towards higher education in 2002, followed by non-alumni at 23 percent. Non-alumni are a viable force in support of college athletics, yet the predominance of donor research has targeted alumni donors, with very little consideration paid to non-alumni. This investigation determined the demographic and alumnus affiliation characteristics and compared the motives by gender and alumnus affiliation. The Institutional Athletics Donor Questionnaire consisted of an affiliation section, a motivation section, and a demographic section. The 22 motivation constructs were adopted from Staurowsky's (1994) ACQUIRE-II instrument and factored into six groups: Benefits, Power, Philanthropic, Social, Success1, and Success2. A sample of 1,100 booster club members from two Division I-A universities resulted in 410 usable surveys. A criterion for alumnus status was having earned a degree at the university from which they donated.

Download or read book The Exploration of the Flutie Factor and Philanthropic Contributions to NCAA Divsion II Football Championship Institutions from 1997 2010 written by Mark E. Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the phenomenon, the "Flutie Factor," and philanthropic contributions to NCAA Division II football championship institutions. This research expanded on a prior research, adding to the existing data on the subject. The study is mixed method in design, gathering quantitative data in numerous giving categories as well as the total number of donors from various sources. Qualitative research questions explored participant beliefs on staff size, the phenomenon and football championship effects on giving to the institution. A review of literature examined a number of motivating factors for giving to institutions of higher education, providing conceptual underpinnings for the study. The quantitative findings suggested football championships can have a positive impact on total cash donations and the number of alumni donors to an institution. The study did not suggest a consistent impact on other types of gifts. The qualitative findings suggested, above all else, a football championship will heighten the amount of pride felt by a variety of stakeholders. It is unclear if the number of staff is believed to play a role on increased donations although a correlation can be found. Ultimately, the study suggests a football championship can enhance communications, marketing and visibility for the institution.

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Examination of the Indirect Benefits of Division III Intercollegiate Athletics written by Richard McNeil and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: