Download or read book Impact of Demand Response and Battery Energy Storage System on Electricity Markets written by Haytham Raafat Gamal Ibrahim and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The calls for the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases emissions from conventional electricity generation have been dramatically growing in the recent years owing to their negative environmental impact which became evident in climate change. The penetration level of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) in the electrical power system is promptly increasing as they provide a cleaner and a cheaper solution to generate electricity. The main impediment to the spread of these RESs is that they are not dispatchable due to their intermittent nature. For example, the photovoltaic arrays output depends mainly on the solar insolation level. As for wind generation, the output is primarily affected by the wind blow. Hence, their coincidence with demand is not guaranteed, and this affects system reliability. Distributed Energy Resources (DER), such as Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) and Demand Response (DR) can play a major role to overcome the operational challenges with RESs, especially in the context of Smart Grid (SG). The main aim of this research is to assess the effect of using DR service and utilizing an existing Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) with the objective of minimizing the costs from the utility point of view. This is carried out by solving a constrained Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem in three different cases (i.e.: Base Case, DR Case and BESS Case) to get the total incurred costs, conventional generation commitment and Locational Marginal Costs (LMCs) in each case to highlight the impact of DR and BESS on the electricity market. The results obtained for the IEEE 14-bus system show that either the application of a DR program or the employment of an existing BESS with the objective of cost minimization can be beneficial in terms of reducing the running costs vis-à-vis operating the system with neither.

Download or read book Demand Response and Battery Energy Storage Systems in Electricity Markets written by Nitin Padmanabhan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ensuring a balance between the generation and demand is one of the most challenging tasks in power systems because of contingencies, sudden load changes, forecasting errors and other disturbances, occurring from time to time. The peak demand, which occurs only for a short duration, has always been a concern for independent system operators (ISOs), as it leads to high market prices and reliability concerns. Furthermore, in recent years there have been significant increase in the penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) to address the challenge of significantly reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the system's dependence on fossil fuels based generation resources. However, the high penetration of RES, because of their intermittency and uncertainty, poses operational and reliability issues and thus necessitates an increase in the procurement and deployment of primary and secondary regulation reserves, as well as spinning and non-spinning reserves. In recent years, demand response (DR) and battery energy storage systems (BESS), because of their characteristic features such as fast response time, high ramp rate, and the ability to provide flexible upward and downward response as compared to conventional generators, have been considered as promising and viable options by the ISO to reduce the peak demand, facilitate RES integration and for the provision of ancillary services, such as regulation and spinning reserves. Despite the benefits and the growth opportunities of DR and BESS, there are still many challenges associated with their market participation. To address the challenges pertaining to DR and BESS participation in electricity markets, this thesis proposes appropriate models and frameworks, which can efficiently integrate these resources into the day-ahead and real-time electricity markets, and at the same time effectively address the aforementioned challenges of ISOs. This thesis first presents a new bid/offer structure for DR provisions, simultaneously through price responsive demand (PRD) based bids and load curtailment based DR offers from customers. Thereafter, incorporating the DR offer structure, a novel day-ahead, co-optimizing market auction framework and mathematical model for DR-energy-spinning reserve market, based on LMPs, which includes transmission loss representation within the dc power flow constraints is proposed. The impact of DR on both energy and spinning reserve market prices, market dispatch, line congestions, and other economic indicators, is studied using the IEEE Reliability Test System (RTS), by considering various scenarios and cases. In the next stage, the thesis considers the BESS participation in the day-ahead markets. First, a novel BESS cost function model, considering Degradation Cost, based on depth of discharge (DOD) and discharge rate, and Flexibility Cost, in terms of the battery power-to-energy (P/E) ratio, is presented. A detailed bid/offer structure based on the proposed cost functions is formulated. Thereafter, a new framework and mathematical model for BESS participation in an LMP-based, co-optimized, day-ahead energy and spinning reserve market, have been developed. Three case studies are presented to investigate the impact of BESS participation on system operation and market settlement. The proposed model is validated on the IEEE RTS to demonstrate its functionalities. Finally, the thesis considers BESS participation in the real-time operations. Firstly, a novel framework for simultaneously procuring primary and secondary regulation reserves alongside energy, in a BESS integrated electricity market, by taking into account probabilistic scenarios of contingencies, is proposed. Thereafter, an appropriate mathematical model is developed considering BESS alongside conventional generators to determine the optimal real-time primary and secondary regulation reserves and energy market clearing, in a co-optimized, LMP based market, taking into consideration the a priori cleared day- ahead market schedules. Lastly, the impact of participation of BESS in day-ahead and real-time energy and reserve markets on prices, market clearing dispatch, and other economic indicators are investigated using the IEEE RTS, for various scenarios and cases.

Download or read book Electricity Markets written by Sayyad Nojavan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes new electricity pricing models that consider uncertainties in the power market due to the changing behavior of market players and the implementation of renewable distributed generation and responsive loads. In-depth chapters examine the different types of market players including the generation, transmission, and distribution companies, virtual power plants, demand response aggregators, and energy hubs and microgrids. Expert authors propose optimal operational models for short-term performance and scheduling and present readers with solutions for pricing challenges in uncertain environments. This book is useful for engineers, researchers and students involved in integrating demand response programs into smart grids and for electricity market operation and planning. Proposes optimal operation models; Discusses the various players in today's electricity markets; Describes the effects of demand response programs in smart grids.

Download or read book Energy Storage in Energy Markets written by Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy Storage in Energy Markets reviews the modeling, design, analysis, optimization and impact of energy storage systems in energy markets in a way that is ideal for an audience of researchers and practitioners. The book provides deep insights on potential benefits and revenues, economic evaluation, investment challenges, risk analysis, technical requirements, and the impacts of energy storage integration. Heavily referenced and easily accessible to policymakers, developers, engineer, researchers and students alike, this comprehensive resource aims to fill the gap in the role of energy storage in pool/local energy/ancillary service markets and other multi-market commerce. Chapters elaborate on energy market fundamentals, operations, energy storage fundamentals, components, and the role and impact of storage systems on energy systems from different aspects, such as environmental, technical and economics, the role of storage devices in uncertainty handling in energy systems and their contributions in resiliency and reliability improvement. - Provides integrated techno-economic analysis of energy storage systems and the energy markets - Reviews impacts of electric vehicles as moving energy storage and loads on the electricity market - Analyzes the role and impact of energy storage systems in the energy, ancillary, reserve and regulatory multi-market business - Applies advanced methods to the economic integration of large-scale energy storage systems - Develops an evaluation framework for energy market storage systems

Download or read book Handbook on Battery Energy Storage System written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2018-12-01 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook serves as a guide to deploying battery energy storage technologies, specifically for distributed energy resources and flexibility resources. Battery energy storage technology is the most promising, rapidly developed technology as it provides higher efficiency and ease of control. With energy transition through decarbonization and decentralization, energy storage plays a significant role to enhance grid efficiency by alleviating volatility from demand and supply. Energy storage also contributes to the grid integration of renewable energy and promotion of microgrid.

Download or read book Energy Storage Technologies in Grid Modernization written by Sandeep Dhundhara and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-06-26 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES IN GRID MODERNIZATION Written and edited by a team of experts, this exciting new volume discusses the various types of energy storage technologies, the applications of energy storage systems, their role in the real-time operation of power markets, and the operational issues of modern power systems, including renewable-based generating sources. The worldwide energy sector, specifically power generation, has undergone a huge transformation in recent years, and the focus is to make it sustainable, environmentally friendly, reliable, and highly efficient. As a result, a significant share of highly intermittent but clean renewable sources is being integrated into the power system using advanced technological components. The higher penetration level of renewable energy sources (RESs) has increased the active power generation share in the grid but reduced the total rotating system inertia. This high reduction in inertia brings new challenges and technical issues to the operators of modern power systems and impacts the stability and security of the grid. The stochasticity of these renewable sources also poses a big challenge to the efficient operation of the power system. Electrical energy storage systems help to manage such issues and challenges that occur due to the intermittent nature of RES and can play a big role in the smooth and reliable operation of the power system. The applications and opportunities to use storage on the grid are growing due to the improvements in energy storage technologies, and flexible regulatory frameworks. Technological developments have made it possible to use batteries and other Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) for managing the operation of the power system. This book aims to illustrate the potential of energy storage systems in different applications of the modern power system considering recent advances and research trends in storage technologies. These areas are going to play a very significant role in future smart grid operations. This book discusses the various types of energy storage technologies and promotes the applications of ESSs in the performance improvement of modern power systems. Whether for the veteran engineer, new hire, or student, it is a must-have for any library.

Download or read book Hydropower Economics written by Finn R. Forsund and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-19 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are few more urgent topics in today’s world, so full of ecological uncertainty. Hydropower Economics uses various econometric measures to examine sustainable alternative energy sources. It kicks off by modeling hydropower, yes, but it does not end there. Forsund has extended his model to include thermal power and wind power, too – forms of alternative energy that are taking on an ever larger profile.

Download or read book Energy Storage in Power Systems written by Francisco Díaz-González and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-02 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last century, energy storage systems (ESSs) have continued to evolve and adapt to changing energy requirements and technological advances. Energy Storage in Power Systems describes the essential principles needed to understand the role of ESSs in modern electrical power systems, highlighting their application for the grid integration of renewable-based generation. Key features: Defines the basis of electrical power systems, characterized by a high and increasing penetration of renewable-based generation. Describes the fundamentals, main characteristics and components of energy storage technologies, with an emphasis on electrical energy storage types. Contains real examples depicting the application of energy storage systems in the power system. Features case studies with and without solutions on modelling, simulation and optimization techniques. Although primarily targeted at researchers and senior graduate students, Energy Storage in Power Systems is also highly useful to scientists and engineers wanting to gain an introduction to the field of energy storage and more specifically its application to modern power systems.

Download or read book Economics of Emerging Electric Energy Storage Technologies and Demand Response in Deregulated Electricity Markets written by Rahul Suryakant Walawalkar and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Innovation Landscape brief Behind the meter batteries written by International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA and published by International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). This book was released on 2019-09-01 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IRENA’s Innovation Landscape report highlights innovations in enabling technologies.

Download or read book Energy Storage Options and Their Environmental Impact written by R. E. Hester and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2018-10-22 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth of renewable energy technologies, mainly wind and solar, demands the development of practical and economically viable energy storage technologies. This book explores the current state-of-the-art of large-scale energy storage and examines the likely environmental impacts of the main categories based on the types of energy stored.

Download or read book The Economics of Renewable Energy written by Roger Fouquet and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major reference work brings together for the first time key articles on the economics of renewable energy. From a modest role as a backstop technology in the 1970s to a central role in low carbon transitions today, this collection reveals the emergence and growing importance of this sub-field of economics. Topics covered in this timely volume include the costs of renewable power (taking account of issues related to technological development, intermittency and interconnection), policies that promote renewable energy development, its public and private demand, and its impact on the environment and the economy. This indispensable collection is complemented by a comprehensive introduction that will serve as an essential source of reference for students and researchers.

Download or read book Energy Storage Technologies in Grid Modernization written by Sandeep Dhundhara and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-08-01 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES IN GRID MODERNIZATION Written and edited by a team of experts, this exciting new volume discusses the various types of energy storage technologies, the applications of energy storage systems, their role in the real-time operation of power markets, and the operational issues of modern power systems, including renewable-based generating sources. The worldwide energy sector, specifically power generation, has undergone a huge transformation in recent years, and the focus is to make it sustainable, environmentally friendly, reliable, and highly efficient. As a result, a significant share of highly intermittent but clean renewable sources is being integrated into the power system using advanced technological components. The higher penetration level of renewable energy sources (RESs) has increased the active power generation share in the grid but reduced the total rotating system inertia. This high reduction in inertia brings new challenges and technical issues to the operators of modern power systems and impacts the stability and security of the grid. The stochasticity of these renewable sources also poses a big challenge to the efficient operation of the power system. Electrical energy storage systems help to manage such issues and challenges that occur due to the intermittent nature of RES and can play a big role in the smooth and reliable operation of the power system. The applications and opportunities to use storage on the grid are growing due to the improvements in energy storage technologies, and flexible regulatory frameworks. Technological developments have made it possible to use batteries and other Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) for managing the operation of the power system. This book aims to illustrate the potential of energy storage systems in different applications of the modern power system considering recent advances and research trends in storage technologies. These areas are going to play a very significant role in future smart grid operations. This book discusses the various types of energy storage technologies and promotes the applications of ESSs in the performance improvement of modern power systems. Whether for the veteran engineer, new hire, or student, it is a must-have for any library.

Download or read book Comprehensive Energy Systems written by Ibrahim Dincer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-02-07 with total page 5543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Energy Systems, Seven Volume Set provides a unified source of information covering the entire spectrum of energy, one of the most significant issues humanity has to face. This comprehensive book describes traditional and novel energy systems, from single generation to multi-generation, also covering theory and applications. In addition, it also presents high-level coverage on energy policies, strategies, environmental impacts and sustainable development. No other published work covers such breadth of topics in similar depth. High-level sections include Energy Fundamentals, Energy Materials, Energy Production, Energy Conversion, and Energy Management. Offers the most comprehensive resource available on the topic of energy systems Presents an authoritative resource authored and edited by leading experts in the field Consolidates information currently scattered in publications from different research fields (engineering as well as physics, chemistry, environmental sciences and economics), thus ensuring a common standard and language

Download or read book The Smart Grid written by Clark W. Gellings and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The power system has often been cited as the greatest and most complex machine ever built, yet it is predominantly a mechanical system. Technologies and intelligent systems are now available that can significantly enhance the overall functionality of power distribution and make it ready to meet the needs of the 21st century. This book explains how sensors, communications technologies, computational ability, control, and feedback mechanisms can be effectively combined to create this new, continually adjusting "smart grid" system. It provides an understanding of both IntelliGridSM architecture and EnergyPortSM as well as how to integrate intelligent systems to achieve the goals of reliability, cost containment, energy efficiency in power production and delivery, and end-use energy efficiency.

Download or read book The Proceedings of 2023 International Conference on Wireless Power Transfer ICWPT2023 written by Chunwei Cai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Techno economic Methods for Analyzing the Energetic and Economic Effects of Solar Storage and Demand Response written by Arkasama Bandyopadhyay and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing population, changing climate, urbanization, and rising economic activities have led to an overall increase in electricity demand. Maintaining the balance between supply and this increasing demand often necessitates the usage of old, inefficient, and environmentally-polluting generators as well as the construction of expensive generation, transmission, and distribution infrastructure. Demand response initiatives (e.g. time-varying electricity prices) and distributed energy resources (DERs), like solar photovoltaic panels and onsite energy storage systems, can help offset a portion of this demand while simultaneously reducing harmful emissions. DERs additionally provide a variety of value streams including peak load reduction, energy arbitrage, real time price dispatch, demand charge reduction, congestion management, voltage support, etc. The impact of price-based demand response and DERs at the electricity distribution level is assessed in this dissertation through the following three studies: (1) quantifying the reduction in 4 coincident peak (4CP) loads and Transmission Cost of Service (TCOS) obligations of electric utilities using local distributed solar and storage, (2) evaluating the peak load reduction/shift potential of time-varying electricity pricing in the residential sector, and (3) investigating the combined energetic and economic potential of DERs and time-varying electricity pricing in the residential sector. When the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) peaks for a single 15-minute interval during each summer month between June and September, the loads of individual Distribution Service Providers (DSPs) in the same time interval are recorded. The averages of these DSP loads, defined as 4CP loads [1], are used to calculate TCOS obligations that each DSP must pay Transmission Service Providers (TSPs) in the next calendar year as compensation for using their transmission infrastructure. First, a generalized tool is built to forecast the change of 4CP loads and corresponding TCOS obligations for electric utilities within ERCOT based on varying amounts of solar and storage capacity. The tool is illustrated by using empirical electricity demand data from the municipally-owned utility in Austin, TX (Austin Energy) and solar generation data from the PVWatts calculator developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. TCOS obligations can be on the order of tens of millions of dollars. Results indicate that solar and storage capacity can substantially lower these payments. For example, a 20 MW increase in local solar capacity in 2018 would reduce Austin Energy’s payment by an estimated $180,000 for each subsequent year. By using the novel approach of incorporating coincident peak demand charge reductions at the distribution level, the economic value of local generation and storage is highlighted. Next, a convex optimization model is developed to analyze the potential for time-varying electricity rate structures to reduce and/or shift peak demand in the residential sector. In this model, a household with four major appliances minimizes electricity costs, with marginally increasing penalties for deviating from temperature set-points or operating appliances at inconvenient times. The four specific appliances included are: heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, electric water heaters (EWHs), electric vehicles (EVs), and pool pumps (PPs). The study incorporates a one-parameter thermal model of the home and the electric water heater, so that the penalties can apply to the room and water temperatures rather than the total appliance loads. Analysis is performed on a community of 100 single-family detached homes in Austin, TX. These homes each host a combination of the four end-use devices while some also have onsite solar panels. Results show that dynamic pricing effectively shifts the residential peak away from the time of overall peak load across the electricity system, but can have the adverse impact of making the residential peak higher. The energy consumption does not differ significantly across the different rate structures. Thus, it can be inferred that the time-varying rates encourage customers to concentrate their electricity demand within low-price hours to the extent possible without incurring significant inconvenience. By incorporating the novel approach of including monetary value of customer behavior in price-based demand response models, this study builds a tool to realistically quantify peak load reduction and shifts in the residential sector. Finally, the convex optimization model is extended to consider larger sets of distributed technologies that might be deployed in homes and investigate how different combinations of these technologies affect peak grid load, energy consumption from the grid, and emissions in the residential sector under time-varying pricing structures. In the model, households with varied amalgamations of distributed energy technologies minimize electricity costs, amortized capital, and operational costs over a year, with marginally increasing penalties for deviating from room temperature set-points. The four technologies considered are: solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, lithium-ion batteries, ice cold thermal energy storage (CTES), and smart thermostats. Results show that from an economic perspective, it is optimal for residential customers to install solar panels under tiered rates, time-of-use rates, and critical peak prices while it is cheapest to own a combination of solar panels and smart thermostats when real-time prices and demand charges are in effect. The capital and installation costs of both storage systems are still too high to make them economically profitable investments for typical residential customers. Additionally, solar panels are the main instruments to reduce energy purchased from the grid and carbon dioxide emissions under all pricing schemes. Adding smart thermostats can reduce these metrics to a greater extent by making the home energy-efficient. Further, while the energetic effect of the two storage systems can be favorable or detrimental depending upon the load profile of the particular household and the pricing structure, lithium-ion batteries are the main instruments to avoid high demand charges by spreading the demand in the home (and power bought from the grid) evenly to the extent possible without incurring significant customer discomfort. Thus, this study recommends that residential customers invest in solar panels and smart thermostats to minimize overall annual expenditure and make their homes environmentally efficient. Further, as an effective peak load control mechanism, electric utilities should offer significant rebates to encourage residential customer investment in storage systems in addition to subjecting them to demand charges. Electricity generation from intermittent renewable energy sources has grown rapidly worldwide. DER installation levels continue to rise with the decline in capital costs of energy storage systems and local renewable generation assets, the growth of supportive government policies, and rising concerns about climate change among the masses. Additionally, electric utilities are increasingly employing demand response initiatives to curtail and/or shift peak demand. As a whole, the body of work developed in this dissertation can be used by electric utilities to make optimal decisions about dynamic rate design and policies for increased DER adoption. It can also be used by residential electricity customers to maneuver their own energy consumption patterns and assess the economic viability of investing in DERs