Download or read book Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among College Students written by Stephanie Nunes and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as child maltreatment and household dysfunction, increase vulnerability for engaging in risky sexual behaviors that, in turn, increase the risk for sexually transmitted infections, including human papillomavirus (HPV). Whether ACEs are also associated with HPV vaccination uptake is unknown. This study investigated the relationship between ACEs and HPV vaccination in a college-based population. Methods: Data are student responses on the 2018 American College Health Associations' National College Health Assessment (N=4,600). Multivariable logistic regression models assessed the relationship between the number of ACEs students reported (0, 1-2, 3+) and individual ACEs with HPV vaccination uptake (≥1 dose) controlling for demographic characteristics and sexual behavior. The difference across gender, ethnicity, and insurance status were assessed. Results: Less than half of respondents, only 48.4%, had been vaccinated against HPV. Additionally, approximately 45% of respondents reported more than 1 ACEs (55.9%, 0 ACEs; 29.3%, 1-2 ACEs; 14.8%, 3+ ACEs). HPV vaccination did not differ by ACEs categories or the seven individual ACEs (p >0.05). However, respondents who had been homeless before age 18 had lower odds of vaccinating against HPV compared to respondents who had never been homeless (AOR=0.71; 95% CI: [0.54-0.93]). While HPV vaccination did not differ by parent alcohol and drug abuse among the entire sample (p>.05), there were ethnic differences in these associations. Non-Hispanic Black respondents had higher odds of HPV vaccination if they had lived with a parent who abused alcohol (compared to all other ethnic groups: AOR=3.03; 95% CI: [1.06- 8.68]) and if they had lived with a parent who abused drugs (compared to all other ethnic groups: AOR=9.2; 95% CI: [2.32-36.29]). Hispanic respondents had lower odds of HPV vaccination if they lived with a parent who abused alcohol (compared to all other ethnic groups: AOR=0.80; 95% CI: [0.65-0.99]). Conclusion: HPV vaccine coverage among this college sample was far below the Healthy People 2020 goals. Our findings suggest that college-based interventions should aim to increase HPV vaccination among all students. Assessing ACEs among students could inform college health services and programming.

Download or read book The Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and HPV Vaccination Coverage in US Young Adults written by Shengruo Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) affect more than half of all children in the United States, and people with ACEs are more prone to various unhealthy situations in adulthood. Access to preventive healthcare services, including HPV vaccinations, may help reduce the impact of ACEs on adverse health outcomes. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of ACEs and self-reported HPV vaccination coverage among young adults. We included 18–29-year-old respondents to the 2019-2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) ACE and HPV vaccination modules. ACEs were defined as a history of emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, intimate partner violence, substance abuse, mental illness, parental separation or divorce, or incarcerated household member. Self-reported HPV vaccination initiation was defined as having ever been vaccinated and completion was defined as reporting at least 3 doses. Data on the timing of vaccination are not available in BRFSS. We used log-binomial regression models to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% confidence intervals for the associations between ACEs and HPV vaccination. We evaluated race and ethnicity, urban/rural status, education level, income level, health insurance status, and smoking status as potential confounders. We also evaluated influenza vaccination uptake and the length of time since the last routine checkup as secondary outcomes, and ever having had an HIV test and recent HIV-related risk behaviors as outcomes in post-hoc analyses. Among 3450 participants, 2441 (71%) reported at least 1 ACE. 1030 (30%) reported that they had ever been vaccinated, and 489 (14%) completed the HPV vaccination series. We identified several ACEs that were positively associated with HPV vaccine initiation in early adulthood, including emotional abuse (PR for initiation: 1.29, 95% CI:1.17-1.43, PR for completion: 1.20, 95% CI:1.01-1.41), intimate partner violence (PR for initiation: 1.14, 95% CI:1.01-1.30), substance abuse (PR for initiation: 1.20, 95% CI:1.08-1.33, PR for completion: 1.19, 95% CI:1.00-1.41), and mental illness (PR for initiation: 1.35, 95% CI:1.22-1.50, PR for completion: 1.41, 95% CI:1.19-1.68). Conversely, reporting physical abuse, intimate partner violence, substance abuse, parental separation or divorce, and incarcerated household member were each negatively associated with receipt of influenza vaccination in the past year (PRs ranging from 0.72-1.00). Most ACEs were negatively associated with reporting a routine checkup within the past 1-2 years (PRs ranging from 0.92-1.00). There were positive associations between each ACE and report of having ever had an HIV test (PRs ranging from 1.19-1.56) and HIV-related risk behavior (PRs ranging from 1.57-2.07). Unexpected positive associations between ACEs and HPV vaccination coverage were observed. A possible explanation is that accessing STI/HIV prevention or treatment services provided additional opportunities to receive HPV vaccination in late adolescence or early adulthood. Future studies evaluating associations between ACEs and timely HPV vaccination in early adolescence will be important for informing HPV and HPV-related cancer prevention strategies in individuals with ACEs.

Download or read book Adverse Effects of Vaccines written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-04-26 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1900, for every 1,000 babies born in the United States, 100 would die before their first birthday, often due to infectious diseases. Today, vaccines exist for many viral and bacterial diseases. The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act, passed in 1986, was intended to bolster vaccine research and development through the federal coordination of vaccine initiatives and to provide relief to vaccine manufacturers facing financial burdens. The legislation also intended to address concerns about the safety of vaccines by instituting a compensation program, setting up a passive surveillance system for vaccine adverse events, and by providing information to consumers. A key component of the legislation required the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to collaborate with the Institute of Medicine to assess concerns about the safety of vaccines and potential adverse events, especially in children. Adverse Effects of Vaccines reviews the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence regarding adverse health events associated with specific vaccines covered by the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP), including the varicella zoster vaccine, influenza vaccines, the hepatitis B vaccine, and the human papillomavirus vaccine, among others. For each possible adverse event, the report reviews peer-reviewed primary studies, summarizes their findings, and evaluates the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence. It finds that while no vaccine is 100 percent safe, very few adverse events are shown to be caused by vaccines. In addition, the evidence shows that vaccines do not cause several conditions. For example, the MMR vaccine is not associated with autism or childhood diabetes. Also, the DTaP vaccine is not associated with diabetes and the influenza vaccine given as a shot does not exacerbate asthma. Adverse Effects of Vaccines will be of special interest to the National Vaccine Program Office, the VICP, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vaccine safety researchers and manufacturers, parents, caregivers, and health professionals in the private and public sectors.

Download or read book College Students Attitudes Toward Human Papillomavirus Vaccination written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus in the world. Although HPV vaccine is an adolescent vaccine, a ‘catch-up’ vaccine is also recommended for 13 to 26 years-old females who have not been vaccinated previously and 13 to 21 years-old males who have not been vaccinated previously. The majority of Americans, however, reach adulthood without receiving the recommended HPV vaccine doses. Increasing the HPV vaccination series uptake requires theory-driven empirical understanding of factors influencing HPV-related decisions among this population. Based on the Social Cognitive Theory, the current study assessed the interaction between personal and environmental determinants of vaccine uptake and its effect on the behavioral intention to obtain the HPV vaccine. The San Diego State University Psychology Department participant pool was utilized to collect the data from 209 participants between the ages of 18 to 26 years who have not yet obtained any dose of HPV vaccine. Data were collected anonymously and analyzed using a series of seven correlation analyses, two hierarchical linear regression analyses, and three mediation analyses. The findings demonstrated that: (1) female gender and social influence (parents’ and peer endorsement of HPV vaccine) significantly predicted behavioral intentions to obtain the HPV vaccine, p

Download or read book Educating College Students About Human Papillomavirus written by Pamela Carter Bryant and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Educating College Students About Human Papillomavirus Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the US affecting almost 60% of college women ages 20 to 24 years. At one west coast community college, two thirds of males and half of females were unaware of HPV vaccine recommendation through age 26 years. Objectives: This aim of this project is to determine if an evidence-based online educational video about HPV and HPV vaccine would increase knowledge of HPV and intent to receive the vaccine among community college students enrolled in urban and suburban community colleges in Southern California. Measured outcomes of interest included HPV knowledge and intent to receive HPV vaccine. Methods: A quasi-experimental, one-group pre-posttest design was used to determine the effect of the HPV educational video on a sample of 24 gender and ethnically diverse community college students ages 18 through 26 years. Knowledge changes were measured using an online Student HPV-Knowledge Assessment immediately before and after video education. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and the McNemar chi-square test for paired dichotomous variables. Results: Study results revealed all participants were aware of HPV and a majority was aware of the vaccine. Findings confirmed increased knowledge of HPV, perception of risk, and increased intent to get HPV vaccine in participants who were previously aware of disease following the intervention. These results support the utility of an online educational intervention to increase knowledge of HPV and intent of HPV vaccine uptake. Conclusion: HPV infection is common. Awareness of vaccines as protection from disease is increased during the pandemic, providing opportunity for influence of increased HPV vaccine uptake. The impact of HPV vaccine education through an educational video may be an effective method to reach young college students to heighten awareness and increase knowledge of HPV leading to increased HPV vaccine uptake. Future studies may examine if widespread education on vaccination as disease prevention during pandemic conditions could have impact on other vaccine uptake, specifically HPV vaccine, or if perception of risk from HPV infection might be overshadowed by perception of risk for COVID-19 and thus affect vaccine interest.

Download or read book Red Book 2015 written by David W. Kimberlin and published by . This book was released on 2015-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The AAP's authoritative guide to the manifestations, etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of more than 200 childhood conditions." -- Provided by publisher.

Download or read book The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Physical Health in College Students written by Irina Khrapatina and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Knowledge Beliefs and Attitudes about the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Among Female College Students written by Sara J. Henneberger and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examine a variety of determinants that contribute to HPV vaccination decisions, with a particular focus on the influence of the mass media. A hierarchical linear regression showed that three main factors accounted for 42.7% of the variance in individual intention to be vaccinated against HPV. They were: 1) belief that the vaccine is safe and that information about the vaccine provided by advertisements and the news media is trustworthy; 2) perceived family support regarding vaccination; and 3) use of interpersonal sources of information about the vaccine. Stronger beliefs in vaccine safety and information trustworthiness were also correlated with a positive overall impression of the HPV vaccine. The results suggest that college women may be significantly influenced by HPV information provided by advertisements, the news media, and interpersonal sources--despite the fact that respondents reported relatively low use of these sources. The survey also revealed that the women were highly informed about the HPV vaccine. Their knowledge, combined with the information they gained from the news media and interpersonal sources, may have helped develop and/or reinforce their beliefs regarding HPV vaccine safety, which contributed directly to the decision to be vaccinated. This study filled a gap in knowledge about how college women have responded to the availability of an HPV vaccine and what factors most impact their vaccination decisions. These findings can help guide health educators and public health professionals as they work to promote HPV vaccination and eradicate cervical cancer.

Download or read book Development and Evaluation of a Theory informed Culturally Specific Educational Human Papillomavirus HPV Vaccine Comic Book for College Students in Northeast Ohio written by Obianuju Genevieve Aguolu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development and Evaluation of a Theory-Informed, Culturally Specific, Graphic Narrative Messaging about HPV and HPV Vaccination for College Students in Northeast Ohio: An Application of the Integrative Model of Behavioral PredictionDissertation AbstractBy Obianuju Genevieve Aguolu MBBS, MPHDepartment of Biostatistics, Environmental Health Sciences, and EpidemiologyCollege of Public HealthKent State UniversityABSTRACTDevelopment and Evaluation of a Theory-Informed, Culturally Specific, Graphic Narrative Messaging about HPV and HPV Vaccination for College Students in Northeast Ohio: An Application of the Integrative Model of Behavioral PredictionBackgroundHuman papillomaviruses (HPV) cause cancers and genital warts in both sexes. In the United States (US), young adults, especially college students, are mostly affected. HPV vaccine was approved in the US since 2006. They are safe and effective, but coverage remains lower than other vaccines for young adults, implying missed vaccination chances, and a need to improve HPV vaccination promotion strategies. Comics are potentially effective for health education of diverse groups, because they are easily accessible, low-cost, engaging, and unobtrusive. They may help to improve knowledge and beliefs regarding HPV vaccine, increase its uptake, and decrease HPV sequelae.MethodsWe conducted a mixed methods study to examine predictors of intention to complete HPV vaccination among college students in northeast Ohio. We developed an educational HPV/HPV vaccine comic book for college students informed by evidence from current target population-based studies on HPV vaccination, pilot testing, and the Integrated Behavior Model (IBM). We hypothesized that the intervention would improve their HPV vaccine knowledge, beliefs, attitude, perceived norm, personal agency, and intention to complete HPV vaccination within 12 months. Using a quasi-experimental pretest/posttest survey design, we evaluated the effect of the intervention on a diverse population of 18 to 26-year-old male and female students recruited from a college in northeast Ohio in 2017 to review the comic book. ResultsA majority of participants, n=314, males (28%), females (72%) were satisfied with the comic and reported it is an acceptable way to get HPV vaccine information, easy to read, culturally relevant, with good quality information and graphics. Only 29% reported they have completed the recommended three doses of HPV vaccine. Multiple linear regression (n=157) showed age (ß ^=-0.11*); race (ß ^=0.81*); instrumental attitudes (ß ^=0.43*); injunctive norms (ß ^=0.20*); and descriptive norm (ß ^=0.55**) were significant predictors of intention to complete HPV vaccination in the next 12 months [R2=0.47, F (8) =16.12, p

Download or read book Deadly Choices written by Paul A. Offit and published by Basic Books (AZ). This book was released on 2015-03-10 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A renowned researcher vigorously challenges the anti-vaccine movement in this powerful defense of science in the face of fear.

Download or read book Clinical Gynecology written by Eric J. Bieber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 1127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written with the busy practice in mind, this book delivers clinically focused, evidence-based gynecology guidance in a quick-reference format. It explores etiology, screening, tests, diagnosis, and treatment for a full range of gynecologic health issues. The coverage includes the full range of gynecologic malignancies, reproductive endocrinology and infertility, infectious diseases, urogynecologic problems, gynecologic concerns in children and adolescents, and surgical interventions including minimally invasive surgical procedures. Information is easy to find and absorb owing to the extensive use of full-color diagrams, algorithms, and illustrations. The new edition has been expanded to include aspects of gynecology important in international and resource-poor settings.

Download or read book HPV Vaccine Awareness and Acceptance written by Jamie Phillipich and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: Many studies have assessed the public’s perceptions and acceptability of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, while others have analyzed the media’s coverage of the vaccine, however few have specifically assessed the media influence on the perception HPV and vaccine compliance. College freshman in fall 2013 were the first group of adolescent females targeted by the proposed Gardasil vaccine guidelines in 2006 for 11-12 year old girls, and the first group of adolescent males targeted in 2009 for 15-16 year old boys. Thus, there is limited data evaluating how this population was educated about HPV and if the media has influenced their perception and acceptance of the vaccine. The aim of this study was to evaluate this population’s education about HPV/Gardasil and determine if the media had in increased role in their reception of HPV knowledge and if the media influenced their reception of the HPV vaccine, Gardasil. Methods: One thousand randomly selected 18-19 year old freshman students at Grand Valley State University were invited to participate in this cross-sectional quantitative pilot study using an on-line, anonymous questionnaire. The 48 question survey evaluated participant demographics, basic STD knowledge and perceptions, HPV knowledge, personal sexual behaviors, acquisition of sexual health information, knowledge about Gardasil, vaccination barriers, and vaccination status. Pearson Chi-Square tests, score developments, Mann-Whitney, and Spearman’s rank correlation were used to analyze data. Results: One hundred forty six students completed the survey. The majority of participants were female (69.2%) and white, non-Hispanics (87.7%). The study revealed 68% of respondents reported obtaining HPV and Gardasil related information from the media, and 37% of respondents felt that the information presented in the media was not believable. Respondents reported receiving the most believable HPV –related information from health education classes and healthcare providers. An HPV knowledge score was developed and Mann-Whitney analysis revealed that neither gender (p-value=0.619), vaccination status (p-value=0.417), nor parent’s having a college degree (p-value=0.210) had a significant impact on HPV knowledge. Additionally, a health score analyzed the amount of interaction between healthcare providers and media exposure students received. A Mann-Whitney test revealed gender had a significant impact (p-value=0.001) on the health score, with females outscoring (M=3.27. SD=1.054) males (M=2.36, SD=1.125). Individuals who received the vaccine scored significantly higher (M=3.64, SD=0.586, p-value,0.001) than those who did not receive the vaccine ((M=2.45, SD=1.234). Additionally, 41% of the respondents had a health score of 100% with 25% of this subset reporting receiving the vaccine. Thus, despite receiving all the health information about Gardasil, 75% had not been vaccinated. Conclusion: The result of this study suggests that regardless of the amount of interaction students had with healthcare providers and /or the media, it did not affect their overall knowledge of HPV or Gardasil. It is imperative as providers, to impact accurate, honest information with patients and their families so they have information necessary to make informed decisions about their health, particularly in regards to HPV information and Gardasil vaccine.

Download or read book Self Efficacy Beliefs of Adolescents written by Tim Urdan and published by IAP. This book was released on 2006-02-01 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of the psychological construct of self-efficacy is widely acknowledged as one of the most important developments in the history of psychology. Today, it is simply not possible to explain phenomena such as human motivation, learning, self-regulation, and accomplishment without discussing the role played by self-efficacy beliefs. In this, the fifth volume of our series on adolescence and education, we focus on the self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents. We are proud and fortunate to be able to bring together the most prominent voices in the study of self-efficacy, including that of the Father of Social Cognitive Theory and of self-efficacy, Professor Albert Bandura. It is our hope, and our expectation, that this volume will become required reading for all students and scholars in the areas of adolescence and of motivation and, of course, for all who play a pivotal role in the education and care of youth.

Download or read book Parental Education on Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Use written by Chika Okechukwu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a universal health problem that is transmitted sexually, affecting both male and female. Evidence indicates that about 79 million people are affected in the United States. Every year, about 14 million Americans are infected with HPV (CDC, 2016c). It is associated with multiple diseases such as cervical cancer, vaginal and vulvar cancers, anal cancers, throat cancer and penile cancers. A safe and efficient vaccine has been approved for both boys and girls. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention announced that teens and young adult under age 26 are at a particular risk for HPV. It is essential to start the vaccination series between 9 and 17 years of age. Parental and caregivers acceptance of HPV vaccine for their children has been a problem. Despite, the HPV vaccine promotions and availability, the vaccination rates of HPV continue to low. The focus should be on parents and caregivers because parental attitudes, beliefs, knowledge, intention to vaccinate and behaviors appear to contribute to low parental acceptance of the vaccine (Gamble et al., 2010). Parental and caregiver education improved parental knowledge, intention to vaccinate and attitude towards HPV vaccination. The purpose of this project was to develop an evidence-based parental and caregiver educational intervention to improve knowledge, intention to vaccinate and attitude towards HPV vaccine, hoping to influence parents and caregivers of children ages 9 to 17 to consent to the HPV vaccine. Parental education as an intervention, focusing on HPV and HPV vaccine was found to have positive impact on parental knowledge, intention to vaccinate and parental attitude toward HPV vaccine. There was a 40%, 73%, and 33% improvement respectively on parental knowledge, attitude, and intention to vaccinate which was higher than the benchmark. Key words: Human Papillomavirus, vaccine, parent education, knowledge, attitude, intention" -- Abstract

Download or read book Adverse Childhood Experiences Neighborhood Disorganization Co parenting written by Mona L. Quarless and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though mental health issues are prevalent amongst college students, pre-college environment and experiences are largely overlooked as potential factors in scientific literature. The current study examined the association of neighborhood disorganization, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and mental health outcomes in a sample of college students. Utilizing the ecological model of human development and risk-resilience framework, I examined co-parenting quality as a plausible protective factor against the negative effects of adverse childhood experiences and neighborhood disorder. Self-report measures of ACEs, co-parenting quality, neighborhood disorder, anxiety, and depression were completed by a sample of college students (N = 259; mean age = 19.2 years). Simultaneous multiple regressions indicated that more ACEs predicted more depression and anxiety symptoms. However, neighborhood disorder did not predict anxiety or depression, and co-parenting quality did not moderate the association between neighborhood and mental health or ACEs and mental health outcomes. Results highlight future researchers should investigate pre-college environment to better understand college student mental health.

Download or read book Anaphylaxis and Hypersensitivity Reactions written by Mariana C. Castells and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-09 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite wide recognition as a serious public health problem, anaphylaxis and hypersensitivity reactions remain under-recognized and under-diagnosed. This book fills the gaps in our understanding of the identification of triggers, recognition of clinical presentations, understanding of the natural history of these reactions, and selection of treatment strategies including those focused on cellular and molecular targets. The book provides a detailed examination of disease etiology, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology and their correlation to clinical practice. Forefront knowledge of the mediators and mechanisms of anaphylaxis is covered with an emphasis on how new discoveries shape our current and emerging therapies.

Download or read book The HPV Vaccine On Trial written by Mary Holland and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2018-09-25 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Groundbreaking Guide to the HPV Vaccine and the Science, Safety, and Business Behind It Cancer strikes fear in people’s hearts around globe. So the appearance of a vaccine to prevent cancer–as we are assured the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine will–seemed like a game-changer. Since 2006, over eighty countries have approved the vaccine, with glowing endorsements from the world’s foremost medical authorities. Bringing in over $2.5 billion in annual sales, the HPV vaccine is a pharmaceutical juggernaut. Yet scandal now engulfs it worldwide. The HPV Vaccine on Trial is a shocking tale, chronicling the global efforts to sell and compel this alleged miracle. The book opens with the vaccine’s invention, winds through its regulatory labyrinths, details the crushing denial and dismissal of reported harms and deaths, and uncovers the enormous profits pharma and inventors have reaped. Authors Holland, Mack Rosenberg, and Iorio drill down into the clinical trial data, government approvals, advertising, and personal accounts of egregious injuries that have followed in countries as far-flung as Japan, Australia, Colombia, India, Ireland, the U.K. and Denmark. The authors have written an unprecedented exposé about this vaunted vaccine. Written in plain language, the book is for everyone concerned – parents, patients, doctors, nurses, scientists, healthcare organizations, government officials, and schools. Ultimately, this book is not just about the HPV vaccine, but about how industry, government, and medical authorities may be putting the world’s children in harm’s way.