Download or read book The Pneumococcus written by Elaine I. Tuomanen and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-the-art examination of research in this field and the impact of this gram-positive pathogen on human disease. * Provides coverage of topics in basic microbiology such as details of DNA transformation, molecular and medical epidemiology, the molecular basis of invasive disease, and various interactions with host defenses. * Presents important historical information on the field of pneumococcal research and suggests strategies for future investigation. * Serves as a valuable source of information for graduate and medical school students, infectious disease specialists, and field researchers in the pathogenesis of gram-positive bacteria.
Download or read book Humoral Immune Response to Pneumococcal Vaccination written by Helle Bossen Konradsen and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Pneumococcus and Pneumococcal Affections written by Louis Cotoni and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Lung Microbiome written by Michael J. Cox and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying the lung microbiome requires a specialist approach to sampling, laboratory techniques and statistical analysis. This Monograph introduces the techniques used and discusses how respiratory sampling, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomics and the application of ecological theory can be used to examine the respiratory microbiome. It examines the different components of the respiratory microbiome: viruses and fungi in addition to the more frequently studied bacteria. It also considers a range of contexts from the paediatric microbiome and how this develops to disease of all ages including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic suppurative lung diseases, interstitial lung diseases, acquired pneumonias, transplantation, cancer and HIV, and the interaction of the respiratory microbiome and the environment.
Download or read book Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia written by Jordi Rello and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-06-30 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia is a book in which chapters are authored and the same topics discussed by North American and European experts. This approach provides a unique opportunity to view the different perspectives and points of view on this subject. Severe CAP is a common clinical problem encountered in the ICU setting. This book reviews topics concerning the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of SCAP. The discussions on the role of alcohol in severe CAP and adjunctive therapies are important topics that further our understanding of this severe respiratory infection.
Download or read book Immunity to the Pneumococcus written by Charles Salvatore Culotta and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Life with the Pneumococcus written by Robert Austrian and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2016-11-11 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of the high fatality rate of untreated pneumococcal pneumonia, both the disease and its principal cause, the pneumococcus, were objects of intense scrutiny by physicians and bacteriologists during the last two decades of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth. As a result, scientists learned much of the fundamental importance to microbiology, immunology, and genetics while developing the pneumococcal vaccine.
Download or read book Pneumococcal Infection written by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book STUDY OF IMMUNE RESPONSE TO CO written by Yuet Wu and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Study of Immune Response to Co-infection of Influenza Virus and Streptococcus Pneumoniae" by 吳越, Yuet, Wu, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Influenza is a leading cause of respiratory disease worldwide. During pandemic and seasonal influenza, secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection is a severe complication that contributes to morbidity and mortality. With the clinical significance of this co-infection, it is imperative to understand the disease mechanisms and how our immune system would be modulated in dealing with the dual infection. First, in vivo co-infection model was established. Mice were sequentially infected with influenza virus and then Streptococcus pneumoniae. Co-infected mice lost their body weight significantly and had 100% mortality, whereas mice infected with either influenza virus or pneumococcus alone lost their body weight transiently and all recovered from the infection. Then, lung inflammatory response during the co-infection was examined. Although it is a common phenomenon that co-infection enhances inflammation, the kinetic of, and the relative contribution of influenza virus or pneumococcus to the lung inflammation is not well defined. Therefore, this study characterized the general lung inflammatory environment after co-infection. It was found that influenza virus and pneumococcus differentially modulated inflammatory response in terms of kinetics, leukocyte infiltration and cytokine production. At the early time point after co-infection, pneumococcal infection contributed more than the influenza virus infection to enhance inflammatory cytokine and neutrophil infiltrating the lung. At the later time point after co-infection, both influenza virus and pneumococcus contributed to synergistically increase inflammatory cytokine and macrophage infiltrating the lung. Influenza virus infection induced IFN-γ that contributed to the elevated IFN-γ level in co-infected mice. Influenza virus and pneumococcus synergistically increased Th2 associated cytokine including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10. These up-regulated immune responses might contribute to the severe lung pathology. Next, adaptive immunity to co-infection was examined. Literature studying co-infection often reports how prior influenza virus infection impairs the immune response against subsequent bacterial infection. However, whether and how secondary pneumococcal infection would affect the immunity to the initial influenza virus is unknown. Therefore this study investigated the modulation of immunity to influenza virus by secondary pneumococcal infection. It was found that co-infection significantly enhanced virus titer in lung and depleted the number of cell in spleen. Secondary pneumococcal infection after influenza decreased influenza virus specific IgG in the lung and peripheral blood. The reduced level of virus specific IgG was associated with the decrease in the number and the percentage of follicular B cell and CD4 T follicular helper cell through both pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide dependent and independent manner. Treating co-infected mice with immune serum containing influenza virus specific IgG successfully improved survival, which suggested the important protective function of virus specific IgG to the co-infection. Taken together, these data suggested that secondary pneumococcal infection impairs the antibody response to influenza virus, which might enhance mortality after co-infection. In conclusion, this study provides new insight to understand the pathogenesis of co-infection, reveals the genera
Download or read book Phagocytosis of Bacteria and Bacterial Pathogenicity written by Joel D. Ernst and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-09-07 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides up-to-date information on the crucial interaction of pathogenic bacteria and professional phagocytes, the host cells whose purpose is to ingest, kill, and digest bacteria in defense against infection. The introductory chapters focus on the receptors used by professional phagocytes to recognize and phagocytose bacteria, and the signal transduction events that are essential for phagocytosis of bacteria. Subsequent chapters discuss specific bacterial pathogens and the strategies they use in confronting professional phagocytes. Examples include Helicobacter pylori, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Yersinae, each of which uses distinct mechanisms to avoid being phagocytosed and killed. Contrasting examples include Listeria monocytogenes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which survive and replicate intracellularly, and actually cooperate with phagocytes to promote their entry into these cells. Together, the contributions in this book provide an outstanding review of current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of phagocytosis and how specific pathogenic bacteria avoid or exploit these mechanisms.
Download or read book Streptococcus Pneumoniae written by Jeremy Brown and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Streptococcus Pneumoniae: Molecular Mechanisms of Host-Pathogen Interactions provides a comprehensive overview of our existing knowledge on Streptococcus pneumoniae antibiotic resistance, dissemination, and pathogenesis, including immunology. It presents a state-of-the-art overview of the implications of existing data, along with the areas of research that are important for future insights into the molecular mechanisms of pneumococcal infections and how to combat these infections. Users will find a timely update on the topic, as the dramatic increase in antibiotic resistance pneumoniae cases and limitations of the currently available pneumoniae vaccines are creating new concerns on these gram-positive bacteria that are endowed with a high virulence potential, and are the most common etiologic agent of respiratory and life-threatening invasive diseases. - Provides an updated overview of our existing knowledge on Streptococcus pneumoniae antibiotic resistance, dissemination, and pathogenesis, including immunology - Helps strengthen interdisciplinary networking and the focus of scientific resources by targeting epidemiology, vaccines, genetics, antibiotic resistance, clonal dissemination, Streptococcus pneumoniae biology, functional genomics, inflammasome, biomarkers, and more - Multi-authored by leaders in the field who present a state-of-the-art overview of what the implications are of existing data, and the areas of research that are important for future insights into the molecular mechanisms of pneumococcal infections - Supports combinatory networking in order to find new solutions in clinical therapies - Reflects the most topical pneumococcal research trends
Download or read book Canadian Immunization Guide written by Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seventh edition of the Canadian Immunization Guide was developed by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI), with the support ofthe Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, to provide updated information and recommendations on the use of vaccines in Canada. The Public Health Agency of Canada conducted a survey in 2004, which confi rmed that the Canadian Immunization Guide is a very useful and reliable resource of information on immunization.
Download or read book Mucosal Immunology of Acute Bacterial Pneumonia written by Alice Prince and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-09 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In contrast to the substantial literature that focuses upon innate immune signaling in the gut, there is remarkably less known about the response of the airway to bacterial pathogens. The purpose of this book will be to review the current status of theunderstanding of the pathogenesis of acute bacterial pneumonia, slanted toward the mucosal immunology of these infections. It will describe, in general, the signaling cascades that control the proinflammatory response to bacterial infection in the lung. How innate immune signaling is orchestrated in response to specific common airway pathogens is addressed, targeting Staphylococus aureus (including MRSA), Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. By describing the general immunological responses to conserved bacterial components and then detailing how specific organisms cause infection, this book provides a targeted but comprehensive review of this important topic.
Download or read book Studies on Immunity to the Pneumococcus written by Allan Watt Downie and published by . This book was released on 1937 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Biology of Pneumococcus written by Benjamin White and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Update on the Immune Mechanisms Against Respiratory Pathogens written by Junkal Garmendía and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-10-21 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Respiratory infections are leading causes of mortality and morbidity, with Tuberculosis and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) culminating in almost 5 million deaths per year. Respiratory tract infections pose a continuous threat to humans due to their easy dissemination via aerial transmission. Children under the age of five living in developing countries are the most susceptible hosts to a plethora of bacteria and viruses including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bordetella pertussis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Influenza virus, Respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus. Likewise, adult patients suffering from underlying chronic respiratory diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), bronchiectasis or neutrophilic asthma are also highly targeted by LRTIs. Despite vaccination saving millions of lives, the growing emergence of antibiotic resistant strains is a major challenge for the coming years. In addition, some vaccines against particular respiratory pathogens are ineffective in providing long-term protection. Accordingly, an enhanced understanding of host immunity to respiratory infections is essential for developing new and more effective microbial- and host-directed therapeutics. This eBook will provide a comprehensive overview of the microbial factors and the host immune mechanisms that determine the control of lung infection and/or the development of lung diseases. Manuscripts included in this eBook are divided in four chapters and cover these aspects of immunology against respiratory pathogens: -Pathogen targets for immune recognition including membrane-anchored and secreted effector molecules. -Specific roles of immune cell subsets in response to respiratory infections spanning both innate and adaptive immunity. -Host factors involved in pathogen recognition in the respiratory system including cytosolic DNA sensors. -New prophylactic and/or therapeutic strategies against respiratory infections.
Download or read book Case Studies in Infectious Disease Streptococcus Pneumoniae written by Peter Lydyard and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2009-12 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Case Studies in Infectious Disease: Streptococcus pneumoniae presents the natural history of this infection from point of entry of the pathogen through pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. A set of core questions explores the nature, causation, host response, manifestations, and management of this infectious process. This case also includes summary bullet points, questions and answers, and references.
