Download or read book Immune Recognition and Evasion Molecular Aspects of Host Parasite Interaction written by L.H.T. Van Der Ploeg and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immune Recognition and Evasion: Molecular Aspects of Host-Parasite Interaction reviews recent advances in understanding the genetic basis of host-parasite interactions, with emphasis on antigenic epitopes, the genetics of parasites, the molecular mechanisms of immune recognition and evasion, and the way that cytokines and hormones act on host-parasite interactions. Organized into four parts encompassing 25 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the genomic organization of the T cell receptor genes and the contribution of non-B DNA structures to switch recombination in immunoglobulin genes. It then discusses signal transduction by class II molecules encoded by the major histocompatibility complex la and the biological consequences of this process; allelic polymorphism of HLA class II antigens and its connection to the molecular basis of autoimmunity; mimicry between HLAB27 and bacteria; and genetic control of susceptibility to helminth infection. The reader is also introduced to recognition of protein antigens by antibodies; recognition of influenza antigens by class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes; the biochemical basis of cachexia of infection; mechanisms of antigenic variation in Plasmodium; and rational design of trypanocidal drugs. Geneticists and molecular biologists will gain valuable information from this book.
Download or read book Janeway s Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.
Download or read book Host Parasite Interactions written by Gert Flik and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2004-06-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume summarizes current research into the physiology and molecular biology of host-parasite interactions. Brought together by leading international experts in the field, the first section outlines fundamental processes, followed by specific examples in the concluding section. Covering a wide range of organisms, Host-Parasite Interactions is essential reading for researchers in the field.
Download or read book Molecular Recognition in Host Parasite Interactions written by Timo K. Korhonen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A very early step in microbial colonization and pathogenesis is that involving recog nition of the host by the microbe. In the final analysis such recognition is due to interaction between specific molecules on the two sides, without which host and microbe would ignore each other. It is therefore exciting to learn the rules that govern host-microbe interaction at to a large extent determines whether or not we are infected by the molecular level, which influenza virus, leishmanias, staphylococci and other pathogens. This book is a compendium of the addresses delivered at a symposium on molecular interaction at Porvoo, Finland in August 1991. Realizing that there are no a priori differ ences in receptor recognition in viruses, eukaryotic parasites and bacteria, we freely inter mingled these microbes at the symposium, and in this book. We found the interdisciplinary discussions and comparisons both educative and stimulating. Thus the book is divided into parts that focus on host cell receptors, on microbial recognition molecules and molecules that mediate microbial interaction with a host cell receptor and, briefly, on the molecular events that follow. Although many microbes and many cellular receptors are missing from the book -owing to the limited duration and size of the symposium -the articles presented here constitute an impressive body of examples of how initial host-microbe interaction can come about. We believe that as such the book is a useful and interesting overview of the mechanisms and principles involved in these interactions.
Download or read book Host parasite interactions at the cellular tissue and organism level written by Xuexian Yang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-31 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protozoan and helminth parasites infect animals and humans and cause debilitating pathologies that cause a variety of morbidities and deaths worldwide. The ability of parasites to establish infection and cause disease in mammalian hosts is a result of a series of intricate mechanisms evolved by parasitic species to confront and evade the host's defensive responses, along with the ability to use the host’s metabolic and catabolic processes and host cellular organelles to their benefit. For instance, parasites may have predilection sites in the host that are not accessible to immune effector molecules and mechanisms, may acquire host-derived "masking" molecules, can vary their surface molecules, and can produce molecules that block or misguide the host immune responses. The host's interactions with the parasite, on the other hand, are critical for the initiation and induction of host signaling events that are critical in mounting formidable defensive immune responses against the invading parasite. Therefore, the ability of a parasite to successfully establish infection and cause disease largely depends on its interaction with the host and the ability of the host to mount successful and effective resistance. Thus, studying host-parasite interactions and cross-talks is critical for understanding parasite infection and adaptation mechanisms within the host, as well as for developing strategies for effective prevention and control of parasitic infections in humans and animals. The topic will cover a wide spectrum of parasitic protozoa and helminths and provide an opportunity to share new molecular and translational advances in parasitic infections and diseases.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Immunity to Parasites written by Derek Wakelin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-08-13 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parasites cause many important diseases in humans and domestic animals, malaria being an example. Parasites have evolved to exploit hosts' bodies whereas hosts have evolved immune systems to control infections. Host-parasite interactions therefore provide fascinating examples of evolutionary 'arms-races' in which the immune system plays a key role. Modern research in immunoparasitology is directed towards understanding and exploiting the capacity to develop effective anti-parasite immunity. By concentrating on selected infections where research has made significant progress, Immunity to Parasites provides a clear account of how host immune responses operate and how parasites can evade immunity. The experimental basis of this research is emphasised throughout. This completely updated second edition includes an expanded section on anti-parasite vaccines. The text is aimed at undergraduates and postgraduates with interests in either parasitology or immunology and provides introductory sections on these topics to lead the reader into the later chapters.
Download or read book Host Parasite Cellular and Molecular Interactions in Protozoal Infections written by K.-P. Chang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical diseases such as leishmaniasis, malaria. trypanosomiasis, toxoplasmosis and amebiasis continue to plague the world, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality, especially in the third world countries. These diseases are caused by a group of protozoa which have, over the years, undergone evolutionary adaptation to live often intracellularly in a parasitic way of life. So well-adapted have they become that they recognize the right hosts or cells to parasitize, yet at the same time they escape recognition and destruction by the host immune system. The mechanisms of such recognition and the escape of recognition are governed largely by host-parasite surface membrane interactions at the cellular and molecular level. Unique molecules produced by unusual pathways of these parasites have also been discovered and found to play important roles in their survival in the host. Understanding these mechanisms and pathways is essential not only to formulate a rational strategy for chemo- and immuno-prophylaxis and -therapy but also to unravel the mystery of biological evolution in symbiosis and parasitism. In the advent of our knowledge on the molecular biology and biochemistry of parasite membrane and other molecules, it is opportune to examine and discuss their possible roles in host-parasite recognition and interaction in a comparative approach. To highlight the recent advances of this area in various host-parasite systems, a NATO advanced Research Workshop was held from September 27 to October 1, 1986 at Hotel Villa del Mare, Acquafredda di Maratea, Italy.
Download or read book Cell Signaling in Host Pathogen Interactions The Host Point of View written by Diana Bahia and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability of pathogens, such as parasites, bacteria, fungi and viruses to invade, persist and adapt in both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts is multifactorial and depends on both pathogen and host fitness. Communication between a pathogen and its host relies on a wide and dynamic array of molecular interactions. Through this constant communication most pathogens evolved to be relatively benign, whereas killing of its host by a pathogen represents a failure to adapt. Pathogens are lethal to their host when their interaction has not been long enough for adaptation. Evolution has selected conserved immune receptors that recognize signature patterns of pathogens as non-self elements and initiate host innate responses aimed at eradicating infection. Conversely, pathogens evolved mechanisms to evade immune recognition and subvert cytokine secretion in order to survive, replicate and cause disease. The cell signaling machinery is a critical component of the immune system that relays information from the receptors to the nucleus where transcription of key immune genes is activated. Host cells have developed signal transduction systems to maintain homeostasis with pathogens. Most cellular processes and cell signaling pathways are tightly regulated by protein phosphorylation in which protein kinases are key protagonists. Pathogens have developed multiple mechanisms to subvert important signal transduction pathways such as the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) pathways. Pathogens also secrete effectors that manipulate actin cytoskeleton and its regulators, hijack cell cycle machinery and alter vesicular trafficking. This research topic focuses on the cellular signaling mechanisms that are essential for host immunity and their subversion by pathogens.
Download or read book Immune evasion strategies in protozoan host interactions written by Alexandre Morrot and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-08-13 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The protozoa are the most ancient members of the animal kingdom and they have evolved the intracellular parasitism to ensure their survival strategies. Protozoan parasites that infect humans are extremely diverse among eukaryotes. They are responsible for many human diseases such as amebiasis, Chagas disease, malaria, toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis and African sleeping sickness. The ability of protozoans to cause disease depends on the nature and number of infecting organisms, the route of infection, the virulence factors associated with the microorganism, and the strength of host defenses. This host-parasite interaction is also subject to constant change as the infection proceeds and can lead to a range of outcomes, from elimination of the pathogen to death of the host, depending on the states of latency and the extent of colonization that the protozoan achieves in the course of infection. Several species of parasitic protozoa harbor specialized virulence factors whose products can overcome the host´s immunity and promote their survival. These factors act at several different checkpoints of the host immune responses, from the first components of the innate immune response to the induction and maintenance of adaptive memory responses. Many protozoan species have evolved mechanisms that modulate and inhibit host sensors, microRNA circuits and signaling pathways that permit the host to detect infection. These factors can act, inter alia, by inhibiting the complement cascade, subverting phagocyte activation and impairing leukocyte migratory responses, so undermining the immune system thus facilitating the pathogen evasion and its continued persistence in the host. In this research topic we welcome the contribution of original research article as well as reviews on the field.
Download or read book Defending Life written by Elling Ulvestad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defending Life discusses the relationship between hosts and parasites. It contains detailed descriptions of the immune system and the microbial world as well as methodological and conceptual clarifications. Its emphasis on analytical abstractions, coherent patterns and generative mechanisms makes possible the distinction between genuine causality and coincidental associations and increases the understanding of why we observe what we observe.
Download or read book Molecular Aspects of Immunological Host parasite interactions written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular and Immunological Aspects of Host parasite Interactions written by Heidrun Moll and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances In The Immunobiology Of Parasitic Diseases written by Luis I. Terrazas and published by . This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the present rate of progress in the immunological and parasitological sciences, it has become necessary to bring together these two branches of biological knowledge in order to get a bigger picture of the changes that occurred during the ancient battle between hosts and parasites, changes that are still happening today and will continue as long as evolution exists. To understand how immune responses are shaped by parasite molecules, developmental stages of a parasite s biology, the pathway and chronicity of infections, etc., we require the interaction of researchers with experience in several fields such as, immunology and parasitology, molecular biology and biochemistry. This book has been planned to incorporate new discoveries and concepts in immunoparasitology as well as the ever-growing areas of host-parasite relationships and cross-regulated responses among parasite development, the immune system and other host systems, such as the metabolism. It is remarkable that parasitic diseases still represent a tremendous worldwide health problem; in fact more than half of the human population is, in the course of their life, infected with some kind of parasite. Effective vaccines must offer long-term cost-effective solutions but, despite intense efforts, sufficiently efficacious and safe vaccines are as yet unavailable for many major parasites. These challenges demand a greater effort from investigators to perform more specifically delineated basic biomedical research to better understand the different pathways that parasites exploit in their hosts for survival and reproduction. Examples of areas where an impressive amount of new knowledge has been incorporated are the areas of genomics and proteomics of parasites such as Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Plasmodium, Toxoplasma and Entamoeba, among protozoan parasitic diseases. Likewise, some advances in similar topics are being developed regarding some helminthes such as Taenia and Brugia. With respect to immunity, the importance of early and differential recognition of parasites by the immune system (Innate Immunity) in order to mount the right and effective immune response as fast as possible to eliminate the invading parasite is now known. Thus, increasing highlights have been reported on pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) on immune cells and Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) on parasites. This book includes current knowledge on the role of innate immunity, toll-like receptors, cytokines and chemokines and their respective receptors in maintaining the functional ability of the immune system to keep parasites restricted and maintain a healthy host as long as possible. Interestingly, the immune response is often not working alone when dealing with parasitic infections. In recent years, some research has focused on the interconnections of the immune system with other systems such as the neuro-endocrine, reproductive, and metabolic systems. There are several examples (such as some presented in this book), where the more integrative study of an infection, including not only the immune system but also the neuro-endocrine and metabolic systems, is necessary to fully understand resistance or susceptibility to pathogens. All the authors in this book have made invaluable contributions to the knowledge of the interaction between parasites and the immune response with great expertise, so that each chapter is an actualized and current review of a topic in which authors are leaders in the field and, of course, are directly involved in laboratory and field experimentation. Notwithstanding, I am sure there will be disagreement with other top researchers on certain issues, of course we do not expect a general agreement which rarely exists in the biological sciences, but I hope that such controversial areas will generate more intense and deep research. We all hope that this increasing interest in the multidisciplinary study of the interactions among parasites, immune responses, metabolism, molecular biology, genetics and other physiological systems in the host can produce an expanding universe of knowledge that could be translated, in few years, into benefits to humanity, especially to those individuals who are now suffering from some of these parasitic diseases. We hope that this knowledge could, in time, be used to design better and more effective vaccines, new methods of early diagnosis, better preventive measures, new rationales for drug development to fight parasitic diseases, and new individual susceptibility markers, as well as identify where immune mechanisms contribute to parasite restriction or facilitate host colonization. Finally, all we expect that new generations of young researchers get interested in these areas of knowledge, in order to contribute to fight then emerging infectious diseases which are another sign of the impact of warming climate.
Download or read book Immunology and Evolution of Infectious Disease written by Steven A. Frank and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2002-07-21 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Download or read book Helminths Derived Immune Modulatory Molecules written by Neeraj Mahindroo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The parasitic life cycle of helminths greatly relies on sophisticated manipulation of host environment and successful evasion of host defense. Helminths produce a repertoire of secretory molecules (including, extracellular vesicles and/or exosomes) to invade and generate habitable host-environment, and also to modulate the host immune responses in such a way that ensures their prolonged survival within host. An outline on helminths derived immune-modulatory molecules and their implications in host-parasite crosstalk have been presented. Queries with regard to the new direction of investigation to reveal specific molecular strategies, used by helminths to manipulate the host systems are also discussed.
Download or read book Eukaryome Impact on Human Intestine Homeostasis and Mucosal Immunology written by Nancy Guillen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple demographic or economic parameters contribute to the origin of emerging infections, for example: poverty, urbanization, climate change, conflicts and population migrations. All these factors are a challenge to assess the impact (present and future) of parasitic diseases on public health. The intestine is a major target of these infections; it is a nutrient-rich environment harbouring a complex and dynamic population of 100 trillion microbes: the microbiome. Most researches on the microbiome focus on bacteria, which share the gut ecosystem with a population of uni- and multi cellular eukaryotic organisms that may prey on them. Our interest focuses on the families of eukaryotic microbes inhabiting the intestine, called “intestinal eukaryome”, that include fungi, protists and helminths. Knowledge on the reciprocal influence between the microbiome and the eukaryome, and on their combined impact on homeostasis and intestinal diseases is scanty and can be considered as an important emerging field. Furthermore, the factors that differentiate pathogenic eukaryotes from commensals are still unknown. This book presents an overview of the science presented and discussed in the First Eukaryome Congress held from October 16th to 18th, 2019 at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. This book covers the following topics: Phylogenetic, prevalence, and diversity of intestinal eukaryotic microbes; and their (still enigmatic) historical evolution and potential contributions to mucosal immune homeostasis. Integrative biology to study the molecular cell biology of parasite-host interactions and the multiple parameters underlining the infectious process. The exploitation of tissue engineering and microfluidics to establish three-dimensional (3D) systems that help to understand homeostasis and pathological processes in the human intestine.
