Download or read book Imaging Elastodynamic and Hydraulic Properties of Fractured Rock written by Clay Wood and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic perturbations in the subsurface, originating from natural or industrial sources, are associated with observations of changes in poro-elastic properties that have far-ranging effects. Broadly, there are "strain-induced" and "fluid-induced" sources of these subsurface perturbations and, importantly, they produce coupled phenomenological observations. Many experimental and numerical studies that quantify elastic and hydraulic properties of rock, fractured (or ``intact'') under static stress conditions, however these measures are not necessarily indicative of their response during dynamic stress conditions. Motivated by these field observations, I use simultaneous continuous fluid flow and ultrasonic monitoring to quantify the elastic and permeability changes of natural and rough fractures. Furthermore, I incorporate measures of fracture topology and contact area to connect to the spatially variable ultrasonic monitoring and as inputs for multiphysics modeling of a single planar fracture. In this dissertation, I ask fundamental questions surrounding the connection between fracture specific stiffness and fluid transport under a range of loading conditions and dynamic stressing. Moreover, I do so by performing complex experiments under triaxial stresses and use simultaneous continuous active-source ultrasonic monitoring and fluid flux measurements to measure the static and dynamic elastic and hydraulic properties of fractures. These unique experiments are also complemented by post-surface and topography characterization using pressure registering films and profilometry. I begin this dissertation by introducing the problem statement broadly and providing some context for field-scale observations of dynamic stress-induced changes in the subsurface and lay out the limitation of linear elastic work within this context. In Chapter 2, I use ultrasonic monitoring to image the spatial and elastic variability across an in-situ fractured rock specimen and relate these to fluid flow. These experiments produced complex results which highlights the variable nature of sheared fractured rock. In Chapters 3 and 4, I extend the work of Chapter 1 by focusing on the effect of stress state on dynamic stress-induced changes in flow and elasticity. Chapter 3 demonstrates the systematic reduction in nonlinear elasticity and permeability enhancement with increasing stress state, simulating depths. I additionally relate the real contact area from pressure sensitive films to the documented elastodynamic changes. Chapter 4 leverages the experimental results from Chapter 3 and utilizes high-resolution profilometry of the tensile fracture specimen as an input for multiphysics modeling. I demonstrate that perfectly matched fracture surfaces can reproduce some of the static fluid flow properties and that misalignment is highly influential on overall poro-elastic properties. Chapter 5 represents a focused study on the relation between roughness and granular in-fill of planar fractures and their influence on elastodynamic and hydraulic changes.
Download or read book Thermo Hydro Mechanical Coupling in Fractured Rock written by Hans-Joachim Kümpel and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (4). The next three papers extend these views by taking a closer look on parameters that govern hydraulic diffusivity in sandstones and other types of rocks. Specific targets addressed are the influence of differential stress on permeability (5), imaging of the fracture geometry (6), and pressure induced variations in the pore geometry (7). Contributions no. 8 to 10 cover investigations of permeability-porosity relationships during rock evolution (8), of the formation, propagation, and roughness of fractures in a plexi-glass block (9), and pressure oscillation effects of two-phase flow under controlled conditions (10). The subsequent four articles focus on diverse modeling approaches. Issues considered are how the geometry and the mechanical behavior of fractures can be characterized by mathematical expressions (11), how the evolution of permeability in a microcracking rock can be expressed by an analytical model (12), deviations from the cubic law for a fracture of varying aperture (13), and the numerical simulation of scale effects in flow through fractures (14). Three further papers refer to in situ observations, being related to topics as the assessment of in situ permeability from the spatio temporal distribution of an aftershock sequence (15), to the scale dependence of hydraulic pathways in crystalline rock (16), and to the significance of pore pressure - stress coupling in deep tunnels and galleries (17).
Download or read book New techniques for the determination of the hydraulic properties of fractured rock masses written by Roberto Monteiro de Andrade and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow written by Committee on Fracture Characterization and Fluid Flow and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-09-10 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific understanding of fluid flow in rock fractures--a process underlying contemporary earth science problems from the search for petroleum to the controversy over nuclear waste storage--has grown significantly in the past 20 years. This volume presents a comprehensive report on the state of the field, with an interdisciplinary viewpoint, case studies of fracture sites, illustrations, conclusions, and research recommendations. The book addresses these questions: How can fractures that are significant hydraulic conductors be identified, located, and characterized? How do flow and transport occur in fracture systems? How can changes in fracture systems be predicted and controlled? Among other topics, the committee provides a geomechanical understanding of fracture formation, reviews methods for detecting subsurface fractures, and looks at the use of hydraulic and tracer tests to investigate fluid flow. The volume examines the state of conceptual and mathematical modeling, and it provides a useful framework for understanding the complexity of fracture changes that occur during fluid pumping and other engineering practices. With a practical and multidisciplinary outlook, this volume will be welcomed by geologists, petroleum geologists, geoengineers, geophysicists, hydrologists, researchers, educators and students in these fields, and public officials involved in geological projects.
Download or read book Fluid Flow in Fractured Rocks written by Robert W. Zimmerman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-12-19 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FLUID FLOW IN FRACTURED ROCKS "The definitive treatise on the subject for many years to come" (Prof. Ruben Juanes, MIT) Authoritative textbook that provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to fluid flow in fractured rocks Fluid Flow in Fractured Rocks provides an authoritative introduction to the topic of fluid flow through single rock fractures and fractured rock masses. This book is intended for readers with interests in hydrogeology, hydrology, water resources, structural geology, reservoir engineering, underground waste disposal, or other fields that involve the flow of fluids through fractured rock masses. Classical and established models and data are presented and carefully explained, and recent computational methodologies and results are also covered. Each chapter includes numerous graphs, schematic diagrams and field photographs, an extensive reference list, and a set of problems, thus providing a comprehensive learning experience that is both mathematically rigorous and accessible. Written by two internationally recognized leaders in the field, Fluid Flow in Fractured Rocks includes information on: Nucleation and growth of fractures in rock, with a multiscale characterization of their geometric traits Effect of normal and shear stresses on the transmissivity of a rock fracture and mathematics of fluid flow through a single rock fracture Solute transport in rocks, with quantitative descriptions of advection, molecular diffusion, and dispersion Fluid Flow in Fractured Rocks is an essential resource for researchers and postgraduate students who are interested in the field of fluid flow through fractured rocks. The text is also highly suitable for professionals working in civil, environmental, and petroleum engineering.
Download or read book Anisotropic Hydraulic Properties of a Rock Fracture Under Normal and Shear Loading written by In-Wook Yeo and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization Modeling Monitoring and Remediation of Fractured Rock written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractured rock is the host or foundation for innumerable engineered structures related to energy, water, waste, and transportation. Characterizing, modeling, and monitoring fractured rock sites is critical to the functioning of those infrastructure, as well as to optimizing resource recovery and contaminant management. Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock examines the state of practice and state of art in the characterization of fractured rock and the chemical and biological processes related to subsurface contaminant fate and transport. This report examines new developments, knowledge, and approaches to engineering at fractured rock sites since the publication of the 1996 National Research Council report Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow: Contemporary Understanding and Fluid Flow. Fundamental understanding of the physical nature of fractured rock has changed little since 1996, but many new characterization tools have been developed, and there is now greater appreciation for the importance of chemical and biological processes that can occur in the fractured rock environment. The findings of Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock can be applied to all types of engineered infrastructure, but especially to engineered repositories for buried or stored waste and to fractured rock sites that have been contaminated as a result of past disposal or other practices. The recommendations of this report are intended to help the practitioner, researcher, and decision maker take a more interdisciplinary approach to engineering in the fractured rock environment. This report describes how existing tools-some only recently developed-can be used to increase the accuracy and reliability of engineering design and management given the interacting forces of nature. With an interdisciplinary approach, it is possible to conceptualize and model the fractured rock environment with acceptable levels of uncertainty and reliability, and to design systems that maximize remediation and long-term performance. Better scientific understanding could inform regulations, policies, and implementation guidelines related to infrastructure development and operations. The recommendations for research and applications to enhance practice of this book make it a valuable resource for students and practitioners in this field.
Download or read book Observations of a Potential Size effect in Experimental Determination of the Hydraulic Properties of Fractures written by Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. Earth Sciences Division and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Observations of a Potential Size effect in Experimental Determination of the Hydraulic Properties of Fractures written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In several recent investigations, experimental studies on the effect of normal stress on the hydraulic conductivity of a single fracture were made on three rock specimens ranging in cross-sectional area from 0.02 m2 to over 1.0 m2. At the maximum stress levels that could be attained (10 to 20 MPa), minimum values of the fracture hydraulic conductivity were not the same for each rock specimen. These minimum values increased with specimen size, indicating that the determination of fracture conductivity may be significantly influenced by a size effect. The implications of these results are important. Cores collected in the field are normally not larger than 0.15 m in diameter. However, the results of this work suggest that when this size core is used for laboratory investigations, the results may be nonconservative in that fracture permeabilities will be significantly lower than will be found in the field. 6 figures.
Download or read book Experimental Analysis of the Frequency Dependence of Elastic and Hydraulic Properties of Fractured Rocks written by Benedikt Ahrens and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fractured Rock Hydrogeology written by John M. Sharp and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding of groundwater flow and solute transport in fractured rocks is vital for analysis of water resources, water quality and environmental protection, geotechnical and engineering projects, and geothermal energy production. This book includes theoretical and practical analyses using numerical modelling, geochemistry, isotopes, aquifer tests, laboratory tests, field mapping, geophysics, geological analyses, and some unique combinations of these types of investigation. Current water resource and geotechnical problems and the techniques now used are also discussed. Aimed at practicing hydrogeologists, engineers, ecologists, resource managers, students and earth scientists.
Download or read book Fractured Rock Hydraulics written by Fernando Olavo Franciss and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-11-16 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uniquely devoted to hard and fractured rock hydraulics, this advanced-level introduction provides tools to solve practical engineering problems. Chapter I covers the fundamentals of fractured rock hydraulics under a tensor approach. Chapter II presents some key concepts about approximate solutions. Chapter III discuss a few data analysis techniques applied to groundwater modeling. Chapter IV presents unique 3D finite difference algorithms to simulate practical problems concerning the hydraulic behavior of saturated, heterogeneous and randomly fractured rock masses without restriction to the geometry and properties of their discontinuities. Supported by examples, cases, illustrations and references, this book is intended for professionals and researchers in hydrogeology, engineering geology, petroleum reservoir, rock and hydraulic engineering. Its explanatory nature allows its use as a textbook for advanced students.
Download or read book Numerical Evaluation of Effective Unsaturated Hydraulic Properties for Fractured Rocks written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To represent a heterogeneous unsaturated fractured rock by its homogeneous equivalent, Monte Carlo simulations are used to obtain upscaled (effective) flow properties. In this study, we present a numerical procedure for upscaling the van Genuchten parameters of unsaturated fractured rocks by conducting Monte Carlo simulations of the unsaturated flow in a domain under gravity-dominated regime. The simulation domain can be chosen as the scale of block size in the field-scale modeling. The effective conductivity is computed from the steady-state flux at the lower boundary and plotted as a function of the averaging pressure head or saturation over the domain. The scatter plot is then fitted using van Genuchten model and three parameters, i.e., the saturated conductivity K{sub s}, the air-entry parameter [alpha], the pore-size distribution parameter n, corresponding to this model are considered as the effective K{sub s}, effective [alpha], and effective n, respectively.
Download or read book Laboratory Investigations on the Hydraulic and Thermomechanical Properties of Fractured Crystalline Rocks written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The laws of fluid flow in fractures, the dependence of fracture conductivity on the size of the sample tested, and the thermomechanical properties of both intact and discontinuous samples in crystalline rocks were discussed. (DC).
Download or read book Fracture System of Non marine Sedimentary Rock and Effects on Hydraulic Properties written by Song-Tao Wang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydraulic and Mechanical Properties of Natural Fractures in Low permeability Rock written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of a comprehensive laboratory study of the mechanical displacement, permeability, and void geometry of single rock fractures in a quartz monzonite are summarized and analyzed. A metal-injection technique was developed that provided quantitative data on the precise geometry of the void spaces between the fracture surfaces and the areas of contact at different stresses. At effective stresses of less than 20 MPa fluid flow was proportional to the mean fracture aperture raised to a power greater than 3. As stress was increased, contact area was increased and void spaces become interconnected by small tortuous channels that constitute the principal impediment to fluid flow. At effective stresses higher than 20 MPa, the mean fracture aperture continued to diminish with increasing stress, but this had little effect on flow because the small tortuous flow channels deformed little with increasing stress.
Download or read book Imaging Channelized Flow in Fractured Rock Using Surface Ground Penetrating Radar written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of fluid flow through fractured rock is important for monitoring and predicting contamination in bedrock hydrologic systems. Many lines of evidence suggest that water flows through bedrock fractures in a channelized manner along paths of least hydraulic resistance that are related to both fracture aperture variations and hydraulic influences. The results of this research show, for the first time, direct evidence of flow channeling at the field scale. Experiments were conducted at the Altona Flat Rocks site near Plattsburgh, New York using surface ground penetrating radar (GPR) to detect electrically conductive saline tracer moving through a sub-horizontal bedding plane fracture under various flow conditions. The theoretical basis for these experiments is the known variation in reflectivity of electromagnetic waves between fractures filled with water versus fractures filled with high-salinity tracer. Results show that hydrogeophysical investigations using GPR can successfully image tracer migration in a variety of flow configurations through both space and time. Flow channeling behaviors observed in map view images of tracer migration demonstrate meter-scale variability that can be attributed to the spatial distribution of fracture aperture.
