Download or read book Idealization XI Historical Studies on Abstraction and Idealization written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-08-29 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discussions about abstraction are so important and so profound that this topic can hardly be neglected. It has inevitably cropped up again in various periods of philosophical enquiry. Despite these ancient roots and after the great debate that characterised the empirical and rationalistic tradition, interest in the problem has unfortunately been absent in large measure from the mainstream of mathematical logic and analytic philosophy. It seems that there is a gap between the epistemological theorization, in which it is difficult to find new insights on the problem of abstraction, and the historical studies concerning the development of philosophical thought. Such studies, however, present a more fertile ground for such insights. Here the reader will find presented for the first time a collection of papers about the topic, considered from an historical point of view together with an awareness of the need for building a bridge between historical research and theoretical speculation. Accordingly the volume consists of both general overviews which sketch the signifcance and the fortunes of abstraction in science, philosophy and logic (the first part) and historical case studies which focus on abstraction in particular thinkers (the second part). This volume is of interest for both general philosophers and historians of philosophy.

Download or read book Idealization X The Richness of Idealization written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-05-20 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: Preface. - Introduction. - Science as a caricature of reality. - Three methodological revolutions. - The method of idealization. - Explanations and applications. - Truth and idealization. - A generalization of idealization. - References.

Download or read book Idealization VI Idealization in Economics written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-12-28 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aristotle s Theory of Abstraction written by Allan Bäck and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-02 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates Aristotle’s views on abstraction and explores how he uses it. In this work, the author follows Aristotle in focusing on the scientific detail first and then approaches the metaphysical claims, and so creates a reconstructed theory that explains many puzzles of Aristotle’s thought. Understanding the details of his theory of relations and abstraction further illuminates his theory of universals. Some of the features of Aristotle’s theory of abstraction developed in this book include: abstraction is a relation; perception and knowledge are types of abstraction; the objects generated by abstractions are relata which can serve as subjects in their own right, whereupon they can appear as items in other categories. The author goes on to look at how Aristotle distinguishes the concrete from the abstract paronym, how induction is a type of abstraction which typically moves from the perceived individuals to universals and how Aristotle’s metaphysical vocabulary is "relational.’ Beyond those features, this work also looks at how of universals, accidents, forms, causes and potentialities have being only as abstract aspects of individual substances. An individual substance is identical to its essence; the essence has universal features but is the singularity making the individual substance what it is. These theories are expounded within this book. One main attraction in working out the details of Aristotle’s views on abstraction lies in understanding his metaphysics of universals as abstract objects. This work reclaims past ground as the main philosophical tradition of abstraction has been ignored in recent times. It gives a modern version of the medieval doctrine of the threefold distinction of essence, made famous by the Islamic philosopher, Avicenna.

Download or read book Idealization XIV Models in Science written by Giacomo Borbone and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Idealization XIV: Models in Science offers a detailed ontological, epistemological and historical account of the role of models in scientific practice. The volume contains contributions of different international scholars who developed many aspects of the use of idealizations and models both in the natural and the social sciences. This volume is particularly relevant because it offers original contributions concerning one of the main topic in philosophy of science: the role of models in such branches of the sciences and the humanities like comparative historical sociology, economics, history, linguistics and political philosophy. Contributors are: Giacomo Borbone, Krzysztof Brzechczyn, Mieszko Ciesielski, Adam Czerniak, Xavier de Donato Rodríguez, José L. Falguera, Adolfo García de la Sienra, Lidia Godek, Igor Hanzel, Łukasz Hardt, Krzysztof Kiedrowski, Barbara Konat, Zenonas Norkus, Piotr Przybysz, Piotr Szwochert

Download or read book Pasinetti and the Classical Keynesians written by Enrico Bellino and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent economic and financial crises have exposed mainstream economics to severe criticism, bringing present research and teaching styles into question. Building on a solid and vivid tradition of economic thought, this book challenges conventional thinking in the field of economics. The authors turn to the work of Luigi Pasinetti, who proposed a list of nine methodological and theoretical ideas that characterize the Classical Keynesian School. Drawing inspiration from both Keynes and Sraffa, this school has forged a long-standing and ambitious research programme often advocated as a competing paradigm to mainstream economics. Overall, the Classical Keynesian School provides a comprehensive analytical framework into which most non-mainstream schools of thought can be integrated. In this collection, a group of leading scholars critically assess the nine main ideas that, in Pasinetti's view, characterize the Classical-Keynesian approach, evaluating their relevance for both the history of economics and for present economic research.

Download or read book Naturalism and Constructivism in Metaethics written by Sofia Bonicalzi and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-04-11 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of essays, several authors, belonging to different generations and philosophical traditions, discuss ample ethical and metaethical issues together with their relations to questions of applied ethics. The volume provides a wide account of some of the main topics in these fields, thus dealing with nearly everything that human beings hold as valuable. Expert scholars and young researchers contribute to this virtual symposium, reframing the current philosophical debates about the definition and the history of the concept of Naturalism, the different declinations of Kantian Constructivism, the functioning of Rational Choice Theory, the complex role played by Neuroscience in redefining the contours of ethical theories and bioethics, the puzzles of Deontic Logic, and the bases of Animal Ethics. Divided into three sections, presented by comprehensive introductions by Sofia Bonicalzi, Leonardo Caffo and Mattia Sorgon, the present collection includes contributions by Martina Belmonte, Michele Borri, Luciana Ceri, Guglielmo Feis, Matteo Grasso, Andrea Lavazza, Sarah Songhorian, and Francesca Vitale. Each author develops a distinctive and independent position, while critically engaging with the central themes of contemporary reflection. This new, major study will benefit moral philosophers, philosophers of science, and scientists concerned with bioethics, while at the same time stimulating and challenging anyone who is curious about the nature and the origins of ethical and metaethical enquiries.

Download or read book A Sceptical Guide to Meaning and Rules written by Martin Kusch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-17 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No other recent book in Anglophone philosophy has attracted as much criticism and has found so few friends as Saul Kripke's "Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language". Amongst its critics, one finds the very top of the philosophical profession. Yet, it is rightly counted amongst the books that students of philosophy, at least in the Anglo-American world, have to read at some point in their education. Enormously influential, it has given rise to debates that strike at the very heart of contemporary philosophy of mind and language. In this major new interpretation, Martin Kusch defends Kripke's account against the numerous weighty objections that have been put forward over the past twenty years and argues that none of them is decisive. He shows that many critiques are based on misunderstandings of Kripke's reasoning; that many attacks can be blocked by refining and developing Kripke's position; and that many alternative proposals turn out either to be unworkable or to be disguised variants of the view they are meant to replace. Kusch argues that the apparent simplicity of Kripke's text is deceptive and that a fresh reading gives Kripke's overall argument a new strength.

Download or read book Technology and the Overturning of Human Autonomy written by Simona Chiodo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-26 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an extensive historical, philosophical and ethical discussion on the role of autonomous technologies, and their influence on human identity. By connecting those different perspectives, and analysing some practical case studies, it guides readers to dissect the relationship between machine and human autonomy, and machine and human identity. It analyses how the relationship between human and technology has been evolving in the last few centuries. Last, it aims at proposing an explanation on the reason/s why humans have been keen on developing their own autonomy’s perfect avatar.

Download or read book Through the Mirrors of Science written by Francesco Coniglione and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the objective that the European Union set itself in 2000, that is, to be «the most competitive knowledge-based society and economy» by 2010 still realistic? The momentous year has arrived, but it is discouraging to note that very few steps have been made in the direction that was fixed. What has gone wrong? Were the philosophical, epistemological and economic conditions adequate to achieve the desired result? This book – the result of a research project commissioned by the European Commission – critically investigates the society of knowledge and the way in which the European Union has proceeded towards it, examining first of all the premises and the contributions that the disciplines of Science and Technological Studies can provide. In this way, we have proposed innovative theoretical and epistemological bases for a multidisciplinary approach – making use of the Modelling Approach to Science – and therefore insisting on the function that human sciences can have for a society of knowledge that hinges not so much on an industrialist scenario, but a humanist one that eschews hyper-specialization and instead privileges creativity, flexibility, imagination and innovation economy.

Download or read book The Philosopher s Index written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1969- include a section of abstracts.

Download or read book The Bivocal Nation written by Nutsa Batiashvili and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-20 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about a divided nation and polarized nationhood. Its principal purpose is to examine division and polarization as forms of imagining that are configured within culture and framed by history. This is what bivocality signifies—two distinct discursive voices through which nationhood is articulated; voices that are nonetheless grounded in a culturally common symbolic field. The volume offers an ethnographically centered analysis of the ways in which Georgians make use of these voices in critical discourses of nationhood. By illuminating the cultural semantics behind these discourses, Nutsa Batiashvili offers a new constellation of conceptual terms for understanding modern forms of nationalism and nation-building in the marginal or liminal landscapes between the Orient and the Occident.

Download or read book The Finite Element Method in Engineering written by S. S. Rao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Finite Element Method in Engineering introduces the various aspects of finite element method as applied to engineering problems in a systematic manner. It details the development of each of the techniques and ideas from basic principles. New concepts are illustrated with simple examples wherever possible. Several Fortran computer programs are given with example applications to serve the following purposes: to enable the reader to understand the computer implementation of the theory developed; to solve specific problems; and to indicate procedure for the development of computer programs for solving any other problem in the same area. The book begins with an overview of the finite element method. This is followed by separate chapters on numerical solution of various types of finite element equations; the general procedure of finite element analysis; the development higher order and isoparametric elements; and the application of finite element method for static and dynamic solid and structural mechanics problems like frames, plates, and solid bodies. Subsequent chapters deal with the solution of one-, two-, and three-dimensional steady state and transient heat transfer problems; the finite element solution of fluid mechanics problems; and additional applications and generalization of the finite element method.

Download or read book Separation Individuation Struggles in Adult Life written by Sarah Fels Usher and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Separation-Individuation Struggles in Adult life: Leaving Home focuses on the developmental task of separating from parents and siblings for individuals and couples who have not been able to resolve these issues earlier in life. Sarah Fels Usher extends Mahler’s theory, and includes the writing of Loewald and Modell, among others, stressing the right of adult patients to a separate life. She describes the predicament of Oedipal victors (or victims), their introjected feelings of responsibility for their parents, and their resultant inability to be truly individuated adults. Difficulties separating from siblings are also given analytic attention. Usher’s experience treating couples adds a new and powerful dimension to her theory. She is optimistic throughout about the therapist’s ability to help adult patients resolve the rapprochement sub-phase in a satisfying manner. An additional, crucial question is raised when the author asks if the therapist can allow the patient to terminate treatment. Has the therapist achieved separation from their own parents—or, indeed, from their analyst? Exploring the plight of patients of the unseparated analyst, Usher describes how these generational factors rear their unfortunate heads when it is time to end therapy. Listening to patients from the perspective of separation-individuation is not new; what is new is Usher’s emphasis on how these particular issues are often masked by significant achievement in adult professional life. Separation-Individuation Struggles in Adult Life: Leaving Home will be of great importance for psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists working with adults, as well as for clinical postgraduate students.

Download or read book The Analogy of Faith written by Archie J. Spencer and published by InterVarsity Press. This book was released on 2015-09-18 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If God is transcendent, how can human beings speak meaningfully about him? The answer lies in analogy, which recognizes both similarity and dissimilarity between God and our God-talk. In his erudite study, Archie Spencer argues for a christological account of analogy as the answer to the problem of God's speakability.

Download or read book The Shock of Recognition written by Lewis Pyenson and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Shock of Recognition, Lewis Pyenson examines art and science together to shed new light on common motifs in Picasso’s and Einstein’s education, in European material culture, and in the intellectual life of one nation-state, Argentina.

Download or read book Sexual Dissidence written by Jonathan Dollimore and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-19 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why is homosexuality socially marginal yet symbolically central? Why, in other words, is it so strangely integral to the very societies which obsessively denounce it, and why is it history - history rather than human nature - which has produced this paradoxical position? These are just some of the questions explored in this wide-ranging study of sexual dissidence which returns to the early modern period in order to focus, question, and develop issues of postmodernity. In the process it brilliantly links writers as diverse as Shakespeare, Gide, Wilde, and Genet, and cultural critics as different as St. Augustine, Freud, Fanon, Foucault, and Monique Wittig. So Freud's theory of perversion is discovered to be more challenging than either his critics or his advocates usually allow, especially when approached via the earlier period's archetypal perverts, the religious heretic and the wayward woman, Satan and Eve. The book further shows how the literature, histories, and sub-cultures of sexual and gender dissidence prove remarkably illuminating for current debates in literary theory, psychoanalysis, and cultural materialism. It includes chapters on transgression and its containment, contemporary theories of sexual difference, homophobia, the gay sensibility, transvestite literature in the culture and theatre of Renaissance England, homosexuality, and race.