Download or read book IAWA Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wood in Archaeology written by Lee A. Newsom and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-20 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Lee A. Newsom offers an overview of wood in archaeology --how and where it is preserved and analyzed, its relevance to paleoecological and paleoenvironmental questions, as well as its role as an important source of information in modern archaeological science and related historical disciplines. Her book addresses a range of questions about wood reliance practices, sustainability, and the overall relevance of forest ecosystems to past cultures and cultural evolution. Newsom provides a step-by-step treatment of archaeological analysis with clear explanations and examples from various corners of the world. She also shows how the study of archaeological wood is relevant to modern restoration ecology and conservation biology that tracks long-term ancient ecosystems, including questions of global change. Demonstrating the vital role of wood and timber resources to past human societies, her book will interest scholars and students of archaeology, historical ecology, paleoecology, and wood science.
Download or read book Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites Second Edition written by Roger M. Rowell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 707 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood has played a major role throughout human history. Strong and versatile, the earliest humans used wood to make shelters, cook food, construct tools, build boats, and make weapons. Recently, scientists, politicians, and economists have renewed their interest in wood because of its unique properties, aesthetics, availability, abundance, and perhaps most important of all, its renewability. However, wood will not reach its highest use potential until we fully describe it, understand the mechanisms that control its performance properties, and, finally, are able to manipulate those properties to give us the desired performance we seek. The Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites analyzes the chemical composition and physical properties of wood cellulose and its response to natural processes of degradation. It describes safe and effective chemical modifications to strengthen wood against biological, chemical, and mechanical degradation without using toxic, leachable, or corrosive chemicals. Expert researchers provide insightful analyses of the types of chemical modifications applied to polymer cell walls in wood. They emphasize the mechanisms of reaction involved and resulting changes in performance properties including modifications that increase water repellency, fire retardancy, and resistance to ultraviolet light, heat, moisture, mold, and other biological organisms. The text also explores modifications that increase mechanical strength, such as lumen fill, monomer polymer penetration, and plasticization. The Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites concludes with the latest applications, such as adhesives, geotextiles, and sorbents, and future trends in the use of wood-based composites in terms of sustainable agriculture, biodegradability and recycling, and economics. Incorporating decades of teaching experience, the editor of this handbook is well-attuned to educational demands as well as industry standards and research trends.
Download or read book Ecology of Lianas written by Stefan Schnitzer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-10-24 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lianas are woody vines that were the focus of intense study by early ecologists, such as Darwin, who devoted an entire book to the natural history of climbing plants. Over the past quarter century, there has been a resurgence in the study of lianas, and liana are again recognized as important components of many forests, particularly in the tropics. The increasing amount of research on lianas has resulted in a fundamentally deeper understanding of liana ecology, evolution, and life-history, as well as the myriad roles lianas play in forest dynamics and functioning. This book provides insight into the ecology and evolution of lianas, their anatomy, physiology, and natural history, their global abundance and distribution, and their wide-ranging effects on the myriad organisms that inhabit tropical and temperate forests.
Download or read book Wood Formation in Trees written by Nigel J Chaffey and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-01-10 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trees are a major component of the biosphere and have played an important part in the world's history and culture. With the modern challenges of global warming and dwindling fossil fuel reserves, trees, and in particular their wood, can provide solutions. Unfortunately, too little is known about the biology of these plants, due largely to a lack of
Download or read book APPLIED BIOLOGY OF WOODY PLANTS written by Ratikanta Maiti,Humberto González Rodríguez,Ch. Aruna Kumari and published by American Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-08-10 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Woody plants occupy dominant vegetation in forest ecosystem. They play an important role in reducing carbon load from the atmosphere and store them as biomass and carbon as sources of energy. Forest trees are sources of timbers, various domestic uses, medicinal purposes, forest products, and sources of animal nutrition. At this juncture, there is a great necessity to save forest trees for life security and effective management and maintain an ecobalance to save earth from the clutch of pollution. To fulfill these objectives, a clear understanding of the biology of trees and its applications is an essential prerequisite for effective management and its application. No such book is available to undergraduate and graduate students and teachers. It discusses experimental biology to study the various aspects of tree biology from a practical stand point guide. This deals with general concepts of plant, soil and environments, the vegetation and biodiversity, morpho-anatomical and ecophysiological traits phenological events and plasticity, branching pattern and branching density functioning as solar panel for capture of solar radiation for productivity, diversity of leaves morphological and biochemical traits such as pigments, epicuticular wax, leaf macronutrients necessary for the growth and development and animal nutrition, wood anatomical traits related to timber quality and utility. A special emphasis has been given in the selection of tree species with high ecophysiological traits. The book deals with advances in research and includes our original research results.
Download or read book Growing on the Edge written by Nele Schmitz and published by ASP / VUBPRESS / UPA. This book was released on 2008 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the hydraulic structure of mangrove trees to gain knowledge about the way they successfully respond to the unique environmental demands of intertidal areas, this study explores the challenging field of ecological wood anatomy and the quest to discover how trees adapt their cellular make-up for survival under ambient and site-specific conditions. Divided into three parts, this accessible reference highlights the structure of the wood and the formation and implications of the wood’s hydraulic architecture and discusses the unpredictable growth patterns of mangrove trees.
Download or read book Wood Quality and its Biological Basis written by John Barnett and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-02-18 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood is the most versatile raw material available to man. It isburned as fuel, shaped into utensils, used as a structuralengineering material, converted into fibres for paper production,and put to newer uses as a source of industrial chemicals. Its quality results largely from the chemical and physicalstructure of the cell walls of its component fibres, which can bemodified in nature as the tree responds to physical environmentalstresses. Internal stresses can accumulate, which are releasedcatastrophically when the tree is felled, often rendering thetimber useless. The quality of timber as an engineering materialalso depends on the structure of the wood and the way in which ithas developed in the living tree. Tree improvement for quality cannot be carried out without anunderstanding of the biological basis underlying wood formation andstructure. This volume brings together the viewpoints of bothbiologists and physical scientists, covering the spectrum from theformation of wood to its structure and properties, and relatingthese properties to industrial use. This is a volume for researchers and professionals in plantphysiology, molecular biology and biochemistry.
Download or read book Autoecology and Ecophysiology of Woody Shrubs and Trees written by Ratikanta Maiti and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest trees and shrubs play vital ecological roles, reducing the carbon load from the atmosphere by using carbon dioxide in photosynthesis and by the storage of carbon in biomass and wood as a source of energy. Autoecology deals with all aspects of woody plants; the dynamism of populations, physiological traits of trees, light requirements, life history patterns, and physiological and morphological characters. Ecophysiology is defined by various plant growth parameters such as leaf traits, xylem water potential, plant height, basal diameter, and crown architecture which are, in turn, influenced by physiological traits and environmental conditions in the forest ecosystem. In short, this book details research advances in various aspects of woody plants to help forest scientists and foresters manage and protect forest trees and plan their future research. Autoecology and Ecophysiology of Woody Shrubs and Trees is intended to be a guide for students of woody plant autoecology and ecophysiology, as well as for researchers in this field. It is also an invaluable resource for foresters to assist in effective management of forest resources.
Download or read book Asia Pacific Forest Sector Outlook Innovative forestry for a sustainable future written by Pingault, N., Roshetko, J.M., Meybeck, A. (eds.) and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-11-05 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young students and people, formally or informally engaged in the forest sector, will be the guardians and managers of tomorrow’s forests. Technology savvy, the youth can play an instrumental role in the uptake and scaling-up of innovative technologies (whether digital technologies, biological technologies, technical innovations on processes and products, or innovative finance and social innovations), able to advance sustainable development in the forest sector in the region. Young people can bring in the innovation debate forward-looking perspectives and out-of-the-box thinking. This is why FAO and CIFOR/FTA decided to strengthen their voice in the debate, relaying their experiences and propositions for sustainable innovation in the forest sector. This FAO and CIFOR co-publication gathers 13 youth contributions, carefully selected. These contributions illustrate, in various contexts, the potential of innovative technologies to advance sustainable forestry and sustainable forest management in the Asia-Pacific region.
Download or read book Wood Structure in Plant Biology and Ecology written by Pieter Baas and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-12-09 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At present the study of functional and ecological wood anatomy enjoys a vigorous renaissance and plays a pivotal role in plant and ecosystem biology, plant evolution, and global change research. This book contains a selection of papers presented at the successful meetings of the International Association of Wood Anatomists and the Cost-Action STReESS (Studying Tree Responses to extreme Events: a Synthesis) held in Naples in April 2013. Four review papers address (1) the hydraulic architecture of the earliest land plants, (2) the general phenomenon of axial conduit tapering in trees, (3) the hydraulic and biomechanical optimization in one of the most important plantation grown tree species, Norway Spruce, and (4) cellular and subcellular changes in the cambium in response to environmental factors. Three papers review or introduce new tools to observe the 3-D structure and functioning of wood, and novel tools for quantitative image analysis in tree ring series. Finally, five papers report original research on environmental effects on wood structure, including studies on plastic responses in European beech, effects of fire or late summer rains on Mediterranean Aleppo Pine, and the potential for using arctic shrubs or tropical deciduous trees in dendrochronological and climatological studies. Reprinted from IAWA Journal 34 (4), 2013.
Download or read book Comparative Wood Anatomy written by Sherwin Carlquist and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-03-13 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition has been completely revised and has incorporated significant changes that have occurred in wood anatomy over the past years. "This book is recommended to all who are interested in a modern, stimulating, competent, and well illustrated work." (Holzforschung).
Download or read book Handbook of Landscape Archaeology written by Bruno David and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 1307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past three decades, “landscape” has become an umbrella term to describe many different strands of archaeology. From the processualist study of settlement patterns to the phenomenologist’s experience of the natural world, from human impact on past environments to the environment’s impact on human thought, action, and interaction, the term has been used. In this volume, for the first time, over 80 archaeologists from three continents attempt a comprehensive definition of the ideas and practices of landscape archaeology, covering the theoretical and the practical, the research and conservation, and encasing the term in a global framework. As a basic reference volume for landscape archaeology, this volume will be the benchmark for decades to come. All royalties on this Handbook are donated to the World Archaeological Congress.
Download or read book Plant Science written by Ana Gonzalez and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-05-13 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over seven chapters, this book helps readers to integrate knowledge of plant anatomy, physiology, and morphogenesis as well as consider the conditions of the different environments to which plants are exposed. It highlights the importance of knowledge of the anatomy of plant tissues for different applications. In addition to the variety of physiological studies presented here, the book also emphasizes anatomical studies in botanical quality control of medicinal herbs with human health benefits. It is reflected in this book that studies on plant structure have greatly benefited from the new approaches and techniques available today.
Download or read book Stem Anatomy of Dalbergia and Diospyros Species from Madagascar written by Bako Harisoa Ravaomanalina and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This atlas offers anatomical descriptions of 19 Dalbergia and 31 Diospyros species, most of them endemic to Madagascar. Each species is illustrated with color micrographs of double-stained sections through the xylem, bark, and pith of stems, branches, and twigs. Further, a photograph of each plant and information on its height, DBH, habit, and geographical and elevational distribution in Madagascar are included. Dalbergia and Diospyros species provide highly-priced woods, which are intensively traded across the world and therefore highly endangered by illegal trade and harvesting. This book represents a response to the action plan for Diospyros and Dalbergia species regarding the establishment of a reference collection and reliable identification system for species listed by CITES, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Bringing together a wealth of material recently collected in different biogeographical regions of Madagascar and identified by the Missouri Botanical Garden, the book will appeal to plant scientists, taxonomists and practitioners involved in wood identification, and will help to safeguard the legacy of precious wood trading through proper identification.
Download or read book Early Miocene Paleobiology in Patagonia written by Sergio F. Vizcaíno and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-11 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coastal exposures of the Santa Cruz Formation in southern Patagonia have been a fertile ground for recovery of Early Miocene vertebrates for more than 100 years. This volume presents a comprehensive compilation of important mammalian groups which continue to thrive today. It includes the most recent fossil finds as well as important new interpretations based on ten years of fieldwork by the authors. A key focus is placed on the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment during the time of deposition in the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO) between twenty and fifteen million years ago. The authors present the first reconstruction of what climatic conditions were like and present important new evidence of the geochronological age, habits and community structures of fossil bird and mammal species. Academic researchers and graduate students in paleontology, paleobiology, paleoecology, stratigraphy, climatology and geochronology will find this a valuable source of information about this fascinating geological formation.
Download or read book Functional Surfaces in Biology written by Stanislav N. Gorb and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-13 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This illustrated book is devoted to the growing area of science dealing with structure and properties of biological surfaces in their relation to particular function(s). Written by specialists from different disciplines, it covers various surface functions.
