Download or read book Dynamic Aspects Of Natural Products Chemistry written by Takeshi Ogura and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-11-21 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface: Natural products chemistry has a long history, and could be regarded as having its roots in the use of many kinds of herbal mixtures as crude drugs in traditional medicine. Systems of traditional medicine have been practiced in China and Japan for thousands of years, and virtually all regions of the world have used natural materials to treat human disease. It was clear that many plants, herbs, etc. contain components with powerful biological activities. The dawn of modern natural products chemistry began with the isolation of the active component, morphine, from opium. Subsequently, various alkaloids were isolated from medicinal plants and employed clinically. The discovery and the development of penicillin as a microbial metabolite opened up the era of antibiotics, which have saved countless lives in the past half century or so. The isolation and synthesis of steroid hormones resulted in the development of new concepts in molecular stereochemistry and organic synthetic techniques, as did the discovery of bioactive lipids such as prostaglandins and leukatrienes, bioactive peptides such as enkephalins and endetherines, and oligosaccharides, including glycoproteins. Further, the discovery of plant hormones has led to great strides in plant biotechnology, including plant tissue cultures, and derivatives of insect hormones and pheromones are now used as pesticides. Thus, applications of natural products chemistry have become all-pervasive in modern society. Apart from the extensive practical applications of natural products and their derivatives, natural products chemistry has played a central role in the development of modern organic chemistry as a result of its focus on structural and synthetic studies of often highly complex and inaccessible molecules. Biosynthetic studies have also attracted much attention, aiming to answer the questions of why and how such a large number and variety of compounds are synthesised by organisms. Researchers in the field of biosynthesis first focused on elucidation of the pathways of secondary metabolism, and then on the mechanisms, of the enzymes catalyzing the biosynthetic reactions. This was an extremely difficult task, because rather large amounts of enzymes are required for the investigation of reaction mechanisms and the enzyme proteins are often unstable and not easy to purify. However, in recent years the development of molecular biology has made gene and protein engineering rather routine. Thus, studies of mechanistic enzymology can now be conducted with cloned and overexpressed enzyme proteins. It has been shown that the enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of antibiotics in Streptomyces spp. are encoded in gene clusters. Further, cloning and functional analysis of the genes associated with flavonoid biosynthesis should soon cast light on the interesting question of why flavonoids are ubiquitously present in plant leaves. Life is maintained not only by large molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, but also by many small molecules which have essential and diverse roles in the physiology of living organisms. Such compounds often have highly specific interactions with target receptors, but the mechanisms involved largely remain to be explored. Current methodology means that this task can be addressed, and this in turn should lead to a host of new applications for natural products and their derivatives. The key may be an interdisciplinary approach taking account of both biological function and molecular behaviour based on precise structure recognition. As we increasingly understand the mechanisms of molecular recognition that operate in nature, many possibilities should open up for artificial control or modification of biological functions, as well as new challenges for synthetic organic chemists. Our intention in this book is to focus on such dynamic aspects of natural products chemistry. By dealing in detail with representative topics to which the most modern techniques of research have been applied, we hope to emphasize the value of combining traditional approaches to natural products chemists with current biochemical and molecular-biological ideas. Each chapter provides sufficient background information and experimental detail to make the subject accessible to non-specialists. It is our hope that these examples of recent progress in key areas of natural products chemistry will stimulate work in related topics by illustrating the power of a modern interdisciplinary approach to the subject.
Download or read book Strange Chemistry written by Steven Farmer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-14 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book opens the audience’s eyes to the extraordinary scientific secrets hiding in everyday objects. Helping readers increase chemistry knowledge in a fun and entertaining way, the book is perfect as a supplementary textbook or gift to curious professionals and novices. • Appeals to a modern audience of science lovers by discussing multiple examples of chemistry in everyday life • Addresses compounds that affect everyone in one way or another: poisons, pharmaceuticals, foods, and illicit drugs; thereby evoking a powerful emotional response which increases interest in the topic at hand • Focuses on edgy types of stories that chemists generally tend to avoid so as not to paint chemistry in a bad light; however, these are the stories that people find interesting • Provides detailed and sophisticated stories that increase the reader’s fundamental scientific knowledge • Discusses complex topics in an engaging and accessible manner, providing the “how” and “why” that takes readers deeper into the stories
Download or read book A Journal of Natural Philosophy Chemistry and the Arts written by and published by . This book was released on 1802 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Journal of Natural Philosophy Chemistry and the Arts written by William Nicholson and published by . This book was released on 1805 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry of Natural Products and Their Model Compounds written by Jurgen-Hinrich Fuhrhop and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-01-03 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An assessment of the known properties of natural products and their model compounds to determine their usefulness in biological and medical experimentation, as well as in synkinetics - the reversible synthesis of noncovalent compounds. It explores new techniques such as cryoelectron and scanning force microscopy and solid-state NMR spectroscopy of membrane systems. There are 500 figures and reaction schemes.
Download or read book Annals of Philosophy Or Magazine of Chemistry Mineralogy Mechanics Natural History Agriculture and the Arts written by Thomas Thomson and published by . This book was released on 1818 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Philosophical magazine or annals of chemistry mathematics astronomy natural history and general science written by and published by . This book was released on 1829 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Images in Economic Thought written by Philip Mirowski and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-07-29 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1994 book was the first collection devoted to impact of natural sciences on content and form of economics in history.
Download or read book Chemistry of Plant Natural Products written by Sunil Kumar Talapatra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 1197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at advanced undergraduate and graduate students and researchers working with natural products, Professors Sunil and Bani Talapatra provide a highly accessible compilation describing all aspects of plant natural products. Beginning with a general introduction to set the context, the authors then go on to carefully detail nomenclature, occurrence, isolation, detection, structure elucidation (by both degradation and spectroscopic techniques) stereochemistry, conformation, synthesis, biosynthesis, biological activity and commercial applications of the most important natural products of plant origin. Each chapter also includes detailed references (with titles) and a list of recommended books for additional study making this outstanding treatise a useful resource for teachers of chemistry and researchers working in universities, research institutes and industry.
Download or read book Odd Fellows Literary Casket written by and published by . This book was released on 1856 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From Alchemy to Chemistry in Picture and Story written by Arthur Greenberg and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-01-02 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for From Alchemy to Chemistry in Picture and Story "The timeline from alchemy to chemistry contains some of the most mystifying ideas and images that humans have ever devised. Arthur Greenberg shows us this wonderful world in a unique and highly readable book." —Dr. John Emsley, author of The Elements of Murder: A History of Poison "Art Greenberg takes us, through text and lovingly selected images, on a 'magical mystery tour' of the chemical universe. No matter what page you open, there is a chemical story worth telling." —Dr. Roald Hoffmann, Nobel Laureate and coauthor of Chemistry Imagined "Chemistry has perhaps the most intricate, most fascinating, and certainly most romantic history of all the sciences. Arthur Greenberg's essays-delightful, learned, quirky, highly personal, and richly illustrated with contemporary drawings (many of great rarity and beauty)-provide a kaleidoscope of intellectual landscapes, bringing the experiments, the ideas, and the human figures of chemistry's past intensely alive." —Dr. Oliver Sacks, author of Awakenings From Alchemy to Chemistry in Picture and Story takes you on an illustrated tour of chemistry's fascinating history, from its early focus on the spiritual relationship between man and nature to some of today's most cutting-edge applications. Drawing from rare publications and artwork that span over five centuries, the book contains nearly 200 essays and over 350 illustrations-including 24 in full color-that tell the engaging story of the development of this fundamental science and its connection with human history. Join Arthur Greenberg as he combines the "best of the best" from his previous works (as well as several new essays) to paint a colorful picture of chemistry's remarkable origins!
Download or read book Chemistry for the Biosciences written by Jonathan Crowe and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry enables our eyes to detect the world around us; it determines whether something tastes sweet or sour; it helps genetic information pass accurately from one generation to the next. Ultimately, chemistry powers life itself. We don't need to dig very deep to answer the question: why do biologists need chemistry? Building on the success of the first three editions, Chemistry for the Biosciences introduces students to all the chemistry they need to understand the biological world. Renowned for its clear and straightforward explanations, the book uses everyday examples and analogies throughout to help students get to grips with chemical concepts, and presents them in context of biological systems wherever possible so they can see how chemistry relates to their wider studies. With topics drawn from organic, physical, and inorganic chemistry, students will encounter a broad range of essential concepts. Chemistry for the Biosciences includes many learning features - both in print and online - to help students grasp these concepts as quickly and thoroughly as possible. From the self-check questions throughout each chapter to help consolidate learning, to the Chemical Toolkits and Maths Tools that help students explore terminology, methods, and numerical skills that may be unfamiliar, the book is written to be a true course companion for students on biological and biomedical science degrees - one that will help them not only remember the essentials, but really understand them, setting students up for success in their later studies.
Download or read book Elements of the Economy of Nature or the principles of Physics Chemistry and Physiology founded on the recentl discovered phenomena of light electro magnetism and atomic chemistry written by John Gibson MACVICAR and published by . This book was released on 1830 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Elements of the economy of nature or The principles of physics chemistry and physiology written by John Gibson MacVicar and published by . This book was released on 1830 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Science in the Romantic Era written by David Knight and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-31 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1998. The Romantic Era was a time when society, religion and other beliefs, and science were all in flux. The idea that the universe was a great clock, and that men were little clocks, all built by a divine watchmaker, was giving way to a more dynamic and pantheistic way of thinking. A new language was invented for chemistry, replacing metaphor with algebra; and scientific illustration came to play the role of a visual language, deeply involved with theory. A scientific community came gradually into being as the 19th century wore on. The papers which compose this book have appeared in a wide range of books and journals; together with the new introduction they illuminate science and its context in the Romantic Era and follow its effects in the 19th century.
Download or read book Visual images in science education written by Vasilia Christidou and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-05-03 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Popular Science News and Boston Journal of Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 1886 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
