Download or read book Hydrogeological Instability in Cohesive Soils written by Luigi Coppola and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-12 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses techniques for predicting, preventing and controlling the hydrogeological instability of slopes consisting of cohesive soils. The proposed methodology is practical and innovative, and assumes a dynamic valence in defining the deformation process of underground failure as well as its activation through the assumption of a four-dimensional space-time continuum. This latter aspect is crucial for predicting a landslide in time to control it. At present, predicting, preventing and controlling hydrogeological instability in cohesive soils relies on mathematical modelling using specific software, the predictive reliability of which is rather deficient. Such modelling is based upon deterministic processes, which are entirely unsuitable for dealing with the complexity of vital processes occurring during the genesis of a landslide. In this work, the three-dimensional vision of a landslide as a set of distinct and independent phenomena is abandoned and the prediction and prevention of hydrogeological instability is pursued through the alternative of an indivisible totality of natural phenomena that includes the time factor. The book is of interest to graduates and researchers of applied geology, geotechnical, environmental and civil engineering, as well as professionals in the fields of hydrogeology and natural hazards.
Download or read book Advances in Natural Hazards and Hydrological Risks Meeting the Challenge written by Francisco Fernandes and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Natural Hazards (NATHAZ'19), held in Lajes do Pico, Pico Island, Azores in 2019. Natural hazards constitute the threat of a naturally occurring event having a negative effect on human beings. These effects are often called natural disasters. Among the natural hazards and potential disasters to be considered are: earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, subsidence, floods, droughts and coastal erosion. In addition, there are anthropogenic hazards that occur as a result of human interactions with the environment. They include technological hazards, which occur due to exposure to hazardous substances in the environment. Grasping the behaviour of natural systems requires a comprehensive understanding of climatology, geology and hydrology data and dynamics. Thus, it is important to conduct hazard and risk assessment studies for meaningful hazard mitigation. Further, the book demonstrates that an accurate understanding of natural systems and interactions between engineering and natural resources is of vital significance to the entire socio-economic sector. This volume offers an overview of natural hazards in model regions in Europe, America, and Atlantic islands. Providing new insights on the characterisation, assessment, protection and modelling of geological hazards, water systems, urban areas and coastal zones, it represents a valuable resource for all researchers and practitioners in the fields of Geosciences, Hydrology, Water Resources, Natural Hazards, Environments and Engineering. Main topics include:1. Natural Hazards and Disasters2. Sustainable Water Systems and Climate Change3. Technological Hazards and Engineering Design
Download or read book Geomatics for Environmental Monitoring From Data to Services written by Enrico Borgogno Mondino and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hazard Hydrogeology written by Peiyue Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-20 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses geohazards by establishing their unique hydrogeological conceptual site models. Geohazards occur in many forms and scales either naturally or induced by human's activities. Many geohazards such as earth fissure, ground collapse and subsidence, mine water inrush, and groundwater contamination are closely related to hydrogeological conditions and their dynamics. Water, either surface water or groundwater, acts as a resource and an enabling agent that elevates geohazard risks in areas that are inherently vulnerable. The book presents case studies to describe identification and investigation methods, monitoring and early-warning techniques, modeling approaches, and engineering measures to prevent, control, and mitigate these geohazards. It targets students, researchers, practitioners, and decision makers who are engaged in water resource management, project planning, and geohazard control and management.
Download or read book Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology written by A.M. Galperin et al. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is concerned with the interaction of groundwater as a complex solution, with rock as a multi-phase system, taking into account the phenomena occurring in rock strata as a result of various engineering activities. Readers can find a wealth of information to enable them to assess rock properties, plan mining activities and forecast rock strata behaviour in the construction and operation of mines, as well as understand the application of technology to facilitate safer, more efficient, more economic and environmentally sensitive geological engineering.
Download or read book Cross scale effects of biological soil crusts on runoff generation and water erosion in semiarid ecosystems Field data and model approach written by Emilio Rodríguez Caballero and published by Universidad Almería. This book was released on 2014-11-06 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CD-ROM Water availability is one of the main limiting factors that control ecosystem functions and productivity in semiarid regions. Vegetation of these regions usually presents a patchy distribution where sparse plant cover is interspersed over a bare soil. During the few rainfall events, runoff is generated in non-vegetated areas and redistributed towards vegetation, which act as surface obstruction for water, sediments and nutrients. Thus, non-vegetated areas are more susceptible to water erosion processes. Non-vegetated areas from semiarid ecosystems around the world, are often covered by Biological Soil Crusts (BSCs). BSCs result from an intimate association between soil particles and cyanobacteria, algae, microfungi, lichens and bryophytes. These communities live within, or immediately on top of, the uppermost millimeters of soil, influencing soil surface properties involved in infiltration, runoff generation and water erosion. Several papers have demonstrated that BSCs are one of the most important soil stabilizing factors in drylands. There are, however, contradictory results on the role that BSCs play in regulating soil water fluxes. Some studies point BSCs as runoff sources that may increase downslope erosion or on the contrary may represent an additional supply of water for downslope vegetation allowing its survival. The impact of this additional runoff should be evaluated at less detailed scales than the patch and to analyze all interactions in terms of water, sediments and nutrients between areas covered by BSCs and vegetated patches in order to establish the real effects of BSCs on both runoff and erosion. Also, to correctly predict the impact of future climate changes or antropic disturbances on hydrological behavior and water erosion in systems dominated by BSCs their effects should be included on spatially distributed runoff and erosion models. Until now, the influence of BSCs on these processes has been addressed almost exclusively at patch scale, despite the fact some authors have pointed the need of upscaling their effects, and even more their influence on runoff generation and water erosion was never considered in spatially implicit medelling. The goal of this thesis is to determine BSC effects on runoff and water erosion from plot to catchment scale in a typical semiarid ecosystem. To achieve this objective, first direct and indirect effects of BSCs at patch scale must be clearly defined under natural rainfall conditions to solve the controversy about BSCs effects on runoff generation. To know the direct and indirect relationships among soil surface characteristics, BSC cover and type, topography, rainfall characteristics (duration, amount and intensity) and runoff, structural equation models (SEM) were applied. Our results reveal the critical importance of BSCs on runoff and water erosion. Both processes in biologically crusted areas are directly controlled by crust type and cover. BSCs also modified some soil surface properties involved in runoff generation and water erosion, such as microtopography, surface stability or water repellency. The final interaction of both, direct and indirect BSCs effects, determine the hydrological behavior of these surfaces under natural rainfall conditions. Moreover, the final effect of BSCs on runoff generation is strongly driven by rainfall properties, which determined the set of complex interactions among BSCs, type and developmental stage and soil surface properties: on one hand, during low intensity rains, BSC-induced microtopography increases the amount of surface micro-depressions, which act as temporal water sinks, reducing the connectivity among source areas, delaying runoff initiation and reducing runoff rates; on the other hand, during intense rainfall events, BSCs type and water repellency are the main factors determining runoff generation. When the effects of BSCs are analyzed at coarser scales, including all interactions among BSCs and vegetated areas on a whole catchment, our results reveal the importance of the interactions between areas with BSCs and areas with vegetation on runoff generation and water erosion. We show the capacity of vegetated areas to retain runoff waters generated by upslope biologically crusted areas as an important driver for the hydrological and erosional response at catchment scale. However, the capability of vegetated areas to trap and retain water and sediments is limited and can be exceeded during high magnitude events, increasing catchment connectivity, as well as runoff and water erosion at the catchment outlet. Even during high-magnitude events, when the runoff generated in BSC areas reaches the channel network, the local protection provided by BSCs also affects downslope areas and the catchment response. These results confirm that BSCs must be included in runoff and soil erosion models to obtain reliable predictions of the spatial pattern of runoff and water erosion in catchments with abundant BSCs. In order to correctly introduce the effects of BSCs in these models, it is necessary to have an accurate spatial characterization of BSCs. It is shown that a spectral mixture analysis is required for the precise characterization of the complex spatial distribution of BSCs, due to the intrinsic spatial heterogeneity of semiarid ecosystems and to the spectral similarities among BSCs, dry vegetation and bare soil. Due to the methodological and practical application problems of spectral mixture analysis when it is applied to spectrally complex areas or when some surface elements only appear in specific areas of the image, we needed to develop a novel methodology for BSCs classification and quantification (lichen and cyanobacteria-dominated CBS), based on hyperspectral images. Support vector machine classification was applied for spectral and ecological classification of homogenous areas to solve the mentioned problems inherent to spatial heterogeneity. Inmediately afterwards, spectral mixture analysis (SMA) was applied to each SVM class to quantify the proportion of each type of surface cover within each pixel. Relative abundance images obtained with this methodology achieve a relatively high accuracy for different types of BSCs, and have demonstrated to be an adequate source of spatially distributed information, to correctly characterize surface properties in biologically crusted drylands systems. Moreover, to have the spatial distribution of type and abundance of BSCs allows to increase the accuracy of modeled runoff and erosion. Thus, when BSCs effects are not included in the LISEM model, an important increase in modeled water erosion was observed in areas where BSCs was not considered.
Download or read book Hydrology written by Ian Watson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrology covers the fundamentals of hydrology and hydrogeology, taking an environmental slant dictated by the emphasis in recent times for the remediation of contaminated aquifers and surface-water bodies as well as a demand for new designs that impose the least negative impact on the natural environment. Major topics covered include hydrological principles, groundwater flow, groundwater contamination and clean-up, groundwater applications to civil engineering, well hydraulics, and surface water. Additional topics addressed include flood analysis, flood control, and both ground-water and surface-water applications to civil engineering design.
Download or read book Landslides and Climate Change Challenges and Solutions written by Robin McInnes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-05-10 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the relationship between landslides and climate change is crucially important in planning a proactive approach to hazard and risk management. Advances in geohazard modelling and prediction enable us to be better prepared for the impacts of climate change, but there is still a need for effective risk management and informed plann
Download or read book International Symposium on Engineering Geology Hydrogeology and Natural Disasters with Emphasis on Asia 28 30 September 1999 Kathmandu Nepal written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Distributed Hydrological Modelling written by Michael B. Abbott and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is the task of the engineer, as of any other professional person, to do everything that is reasonably possible to analyse the difficulties with which his or her client is confronted, and on this basis to design solutions and implement these in practice. The distributed hydrological model is, correspondingly, the means for doing everything that is reasonably possible - of mobilising as much data and testing it with as much knowledge as is economically feasible - for the purpose of analysing problems and of designing and implementing remedial measures in the case of difficulties arising within the hydrological cycle. Thus the aim of distributed hydrologic modelling is to make the fullest use of cartographic data, of geological data, of satellite data, of stream discharge measurements, of borehole data, of observations of crops and other vegetation, of historical records of floods and droughts, and indeed of everything else that has ever been recorded or remembered, and then to apply to this everything that is known about meteorology, plant physiology, soil physics, hydrogeology, sediment transport and everything else that is relevant within this context. Of course, no matter how much data we have and no matter how much we know, it will never be enough to treat some problems and some situations, but still we can aim in this way to do the best that we possibly can.
Download or read book Landslide Hazards Risks and Disasters written by Tim Davies and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-10-17 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landslide Hazards, Risks and Disasters Second Edition makes a broad but detailed examination of major aspects of mass movements and their consequences, and provides knowledge to form the basis for more complete and accurate monitoring, prediction, preparedness and reduction of the impacts of landslides on society. The frequency and intensity of landslide hazards and disasters has consistently increased over the past century, and this trend will continue as society increasingly utilises steep landscapes. Landslides and related phenomena can be triggered by other hazard and disaster processes – such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions and wildfires – and they can also cause other hazards and disasters, making them a complex multi-disciplinary challenge. This new edition of Landslide Hazards, Risks and Disasters is updated and includes new chapters, covering additional topics including rockfalls, landslide interactions and impacts and geomorphic perspectives. Knowledge, understanding and the ability to model landslide processes are becoming increasingly important challenges for society extends its occupation of increasingly hilly and mountainous terrain, making this book a key resource for educators, researchers and disaster managers in geophysics, geology and environmental science. - Provides an interdisciplinary perspective on the geological, seismological, physical, environmental and social impacts of landslides - Presents the latest research on causality, impacts and landslide preparedness and mitigation. Includes numerous tables, maps, diagrams, illustrations, photographs and video captures of hazardous processes - Discusses steps for planning for and responding to landslide hazards, risks and disasters
Download or read book ADVANCES IN MECHANICS AND MATERIALS written by Sanjaya Kumar Patro and published by Techsar Pvt. Ltd.. This book was released on 2016-12-09 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology (VSSUT), Burla is one among the foremost universities of India in the field of higher education, basic and applied research. The foundation of this iconic college was laid in 1956 to cater the maintenance and upkeep of the mighty Hirakud Dam (worlds longest earth dam) at Burla. The university now has sixteen academic departments ion various disciplines in engineering and sciences. The International Conference on Advances in Mechanics and Materials (ICRAMM-2016), was organized at the Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Odisha during 17-18 December, 2016. Over the years, tremendous progress has been made in the fields related to mechanics and materials due to rapid advancements in analytical, experimental and computational facilities. The outcome has immensely benefited the industries, research and academic organizations in numerous ways. The International Conference on Recent Advances in Mechanics and Materials (ICRAMM-2016) will provide a common platform for academicians, engineers, scientists and technologists to come together and discuss the progress made on various aspects of mechanics and materials. Realizing the importance of recent developments in the areas of recent advances in mechanics and materials, the conference ICRAMM 2016, focuses on following major themes: Computational mechanics, Experimental mechanics, Fluid mechanics, Geomechanics, Structural mechanics, Continuum mechanics, Coupled field problems, Structural and Soil Dynamics, Vibration Control, Structural Health Monitoring, Rehabilitation and Retrofitting of structures, Composite Materials, Cement Concrete Composites and Sustainable construction materials. The papers included in this conference proceeding reflect in general the need for emerging technologies and growing interest in structural mechanics and materials to tailor it to meet the requirements for the varying application.
Download or read book Abstracts of North American Geology written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1971-07 with total page 1178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shield Tunnel Engineering written by Shuying Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-08-08 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shield Tunnel Engineering: From Theory to Practice is a key technique that offers one of the most important ways to build tunnels in fast, relatively safe, and ecologically friendly ways. The book presents state-of-the-art solutions for engineers working within the field of shield tunnelling technology for railways. It includes expertise from major projects in shield tunnel construction for high-speed rail, subways and other major projects. In particular, it presents a series of advances in shield muck conditioning technology, slurry treatment, backfill grouting, and environmental impact and control. In this volume, foundational knowledge is combined with the latest advances in shield tunnel engineering. Twelve chapters cover key areas including geological investigation, the types, structures and workings of shield machines, selecting a machine, shield segment design, shield tunnelling parameter control, soil conditioning for earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunnelling, shield slurry treatment, backfill grouting, environmental impact, and problems in shield tunnel structures and their amelioration. This book presents the essential knowledge needed for shield tunnel engineering, the latest advances in the field, and practical guidance for engineers. - Presents the foundational concepts of shield tunnel engineering - Gives the latest advances in shield tunnel engineering techniques - Considers common problems in shield tunnel structures and their solutions - Lays out step-by-step guidance for engineers working with shield tunnelling - Assesses environmental impacts and their control in shield tunnel engineering
Download or read book Proceedings of the Seventh Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference March 25 29 2001 Reno Nevada USA written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Storm triggered Landslides in Warmer Climates written by Diandong Ren and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-29 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume discusses the general physics of debris flows and various approaches to modeling - including the SEGMENT-Landslide approach – as well as the pros and cons of these approaches and how other approaches are sub-sets of the SEGMENT-Landslide approach. In addition, this volume will systematically unify the concepts of vadose zone hydrology and geotechnical engineering, with special emphasis on quantifying ecosystem consequences of storm-triggered landslides in a warmer climate setting. The reader will find a comprehensive coverage of concepts ranging from hillslope hydrology, porous granular material rheology and the fundamentals of soil properties, to state-of-the-art concepts of enhanced hydrological cycle with climate warming and a discussion of new approaches for future research.
